城市防洪中的景观工程建设理论及实践

该文从“以人为本”的设计思路出发,对目前我国城市防洪中景观工程的规划设计做出了初步研究,提出了新时期城市防洪中建设景观工程的努力方向,并以一个具体工程实例作为论述重点,体现了城市防洪中景观工程的建设重点是水利工程与城市规划、景观娱乐浑然一体的结合。     

可持续发展原则与生态住区

生态住区建设是我国房地产开发的新趋向,也是住区建设可持续发展的战略要求.笔者在对生态住区概念的一般性释义的基础上,提出生态住区应当是自然生态、社会文化生态、经济生态的综合体现的观点.并就现实条件下生态住区的建设提出了具有可操作性的一些建议.     

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研究了考虑可持续发展的混合型交通网络设计问题的优化模型和算法. 利用双层规划模型描述问题,其中上层模型是以方案总投资费用和汽车废气排放量最小化为优化目标,并受占用土地规模和路段负荷度的约束,下层模型为确定型的交通网络平衡配流模型. 使用路段等级决策变量将问题离散化,并基于模拟退火算法和基于路径的梯度投影算法进行模型求解. 算例计算表明,优化后的交通网络不仅拥堵状况得到显著缓解,而且路网内汽车废气排放量下降幅度也非常明显. 这都证明本文所提出的双层规划模型和求解算法是一种研究可持续发展环境下交通网络设计问题的有效方法.     

基于“可持续发展工程”理念的城市桥梁技术展望

该文简要分析了城市桥梁技术发展所面临的形势与需求;基于"可持续发展工程"理念,提出了城市桥梁应该推动发展的桥梁集约化建设技术、组合结构和预制拼装桥梁技术、特殊桥梁设计技术、桥梁耐久性技术等内容;从理论研究与设计方法、结构的改进与开发以及施工技术等方面,分析论证了应该关注的主要技术问题。     

新疆公路建设项目可持续发展综合评价研究

随着新疆地区公路建设的快速发展,实现公路建设项目的可持续发展成为了一项重要的研究课题。通过阐述公路建设项目可持续发展的内容,概括项目可持续发展评价的主要原则和内容,分析项目可持续发展的各项影响因素,总结评价流程,并结合新疆地区的特点建立的项目可持续发展评价指标体系,其有效性经实例得以验证。     

液体化工品运输码头职业病危害调查分析

液体化工品运输码头职业健康管理尚处于起步阶段,为掌握行业从业人员的职业健康现状,提升从业人员职业健康管理水平,以某企业配套液体化工品运输码头为调查对象,根据国家有关职业卫生标准,采用现场职业卫生学调查与工作场所职业病危害因素检测相结合的方法,识别该码头职业病危害因素,检测危害程度,分析职业病致病因素。调查结果表明,该码头职业健康总体情况基本良好,但噪声指标轻微超标,有个别从业人员耳塞佩戴不正确,建议通过改进防护技术、加强行政管理等手段进一步提升码头职业健康管理水平。     

Maritime logistics as an emerging discipline

The evolution of maritime logistics as an emerging discipline has resulted, to a large extent, from the increasing and varied demands of shippers and customers and the rapidly changing role of ports in the context of supply and logistics chains. Scholars are becoming increasingly aware of the need to integrate logistics and supply chain management concepts in the maritime transportation chain and operations. This article aims to provide a review and foundation for understanding the domain of maritime logistics and to assess its potential as an emerging discipline. To do so, a framework for understanding the various aspects of maritime logistics strategy and implementation is developed. A synthesis of the existing knowledge on maritime logistics is done by integrating diverse explorations forming the basis of this framework. We draw upon the literature on maritime transport and ports and primarily theliterature that analyses concepts by adopting an economic or management perspective.     

Advances in port studies: the contribution of 40 years Maritime Policy & Management

Port economics, management and policy have progressively emerged as a distinctive research field, and a core part of maritime economics. This paper provides an analysis of all the 267 port studies published in Maritime Policy & Management (MPM) since its inception in 1973. This paper provides a content analysis for seven interrelated research theme categories including main research topics and methods, authorship distribution and citation counts. It is demonstrated that MPM played, and continues to play, a key role in publishing research on seaports. The published research increasingly applies established analytical frameworks to ports. The paper concludes with a discussion on current challenges for port-related research.     

Sustainable Governance of Norwegian Aquaculture and the Administrative Reform: Dilemmas and Challenges

This article discusses the impact of the Norwegian government's administrative reform on the management of the Norwegian aquaculture industry and coastal areas. The 2010 reform of government administration strengthened the County Councils’ role in issues of aquaculture at the expense of the regional offices of the Directorate of Fisheries. The aim of the reform was to increase self-governance through decentralization. However, international trends in coastal zone and marine resource management are moving in the opposite direction, aiming at more integrated and ecosystem-based approaches involving the management of larger, rather than smaller, geographic regions. This article examines the possible effects of this reform in light of the move from government to governance, and in the context of a broad policy shift toward a more integrated, ecosystem-based management (EBM) of the coastal zone. Based on insights from multi-level and coastal zone governance debates, we argue that an unintended consequence of the Norwegian administrative reform could be increased fragmentation of the aquaculture governance system, as well as a reduced capacity to implement EBM-related measures. At the same time, the reform might improve coastal zone planning, although a further step toward integrated coastal zone management (ICZM) would require a greater delegation of authority to the County Councils.     

Overseas trade vis-a-vis overseas shipping: Growth and performance in India (1999–2009)

Maritime trade has been and even continues to account for about a lion's share of India's total cargo volumes. Despite the growth of multimodal transport (by land, water and air), shipping still continues to be the major mode of transport in the bulk carriage of country's overseas trade. In view of this vital role of shipping, in the first four decades of independence, under the initiative of planned development and active government support, India's shipping and port sector saw dramatic growth in their performance to build adequate national fleet, in keeping up with the transport of overseas cargo. However, the onset of economic liberalization in 1991 has given rise to many new dimensions in the development of the shipping and port sector of the country with a significant redefinition of shipping and port services, in response to the new global trend patterns. For instance, it has also established the new era of containerization in the mode of cargo delivery from the dominance of the era of bulk and break-bulk trade during the decade of sixties and seventies. Moreover, as global competition increases, in response to this emerging trade patterns within this country, India's volume of traffic growth also increases manifold. So, India's shipping and port sectors need, significantly, to build up and furnish their capacity by increasing the frequency of this mode of transport i.e. the growth of the national overseas fleet to meet this surging demand. This paper, therefore, have focused on this role of shipping in such rising overseas trade, with a view to examine the shipping performance (the growth of overseas fleet) in response to the growing overseas trade at all ports of India during the period (1999–2000 to 2008–2009), in terms of both a mathematical model and a graphical representation. Finally, it concludes that the absolute overseas trade, being highly import dependent, have led to a more or less stagnant performance in overseas shipping, owing to the lack of the adequate growth of absolute overseas exports during this period.