Impact of telecommuting on spatial and temporal patterns of household travel

A spatial and temporal analysis of travel diary data collected during the State of California Telecommuting Pilot Project is performed to determine the impacts of telecommuting on household travel behavior. The analysis is based on geocoded trip data where missing trips and trip attributes have been augmented to the extent possible. The results confirm the earlier finding that the Pilot Project telecommuters substantially reduced travel; on telecommuting days, the telecommuters made virtually no commute trips, reduced peak-period trips by 60%, total distance traveled by 75%, and freeway miles by 90%. The spatial analysis of the trip records has shown that the telecommuters chose non-work destinations that are closer to home; they exhibited contracted action spaces after the introduction of telecommuting. Importantly, this contraction took place on both telecommuting days and commuting days. The telecommuters distributed their trips, over the day and avoided peak-period travel on telecommuting days. Non-work trips, however, show similar patterns of temporal distribution on telecommuting days and commuting days. Non-work trips continued to be made during the lunch period and late afternoon and evening hours.     

Knowledge Representation and Fuzzy Reasoning of an Agricultural Expert System

The design scheme of an agricultural expert system based on longan and cauliflower planting techniques is presented. Using an object-oriented design and a combination of the techniques in multimedia, database, expert system and artificial intelligence, an in-depth analysis and summary are made of the knowledge features of the agricultural multimedia expert system and data models involved. According to the practical problems in agricultural field, the architectures and functions of the system are designed, and some design ideas about the hybrid knowledge representation and fuzzy reasoning are proposed.     

PR系统中利用规划库建立、修正与更新规划假设

探讨了在规划识别系统中检索规划库内规划的方法，着重研究基于态势索引的检索问题。提出了基于事实及其属性的态势描述方法和建立状态库以便比较态势的相似性。此种方法适合于规划识别系统在初始情况下在规划库中找到较为完整的规划作为初始假设。还就在规划假设的确认、修正与更新中检索动作、动作序列和局部规划的方法进行了初步探讨。     

基于规则和事例推理的电气故障诊断方法

论文通过电路仿真和分析获取舰炮运行参数信息,建立了舰炮电气故障诊断规则库,融合规则推理和事例推理技术,设计了具备自学习能力的故障诊断系统.实际应用表明,该方法可最大程度地吸收各种有效的维修经验,在使用过程中其故障诊断能力会越来越强.     

基于热图时序特征和PNN的孔洞缺陷红外无损检测方法

利用热图时序特征和PNN,提出了一种以像素为单位,实现缺陷红外无损检测的新方法。该方法首先采用红外热像仪获取加热试件在降温过程中的红外时序热图;其次,提取时序热图中正常和异常区域的灰度值,建立不同区域的灰度值与时间的关系,进而获得相应的初始特征;再次,采用主成分分析方法对初始特征进行提取,获得时序特征;最后,以时序特征作为训练样本,构建概率神经网络,实现孔洞缺陷检测。实验结果表明,正常区和异常区识别率分别可达到95%和85%。     

基于CBR的高速公路路基安全风险预测

路基安全是高速公路建设管理的重要内容,然而,传统的风险预测方法难以满足预测精度的需要。本文运用模糊数学的有关理论,介绍了一个基于案例推理（CBR）的高速公路路基安全风险预测模型,并结合实际进行了应用检验。实例表明,该方法具有对案例库的更新功能,能够为高速公路路基安全风险预测提供有价值的参考依据。     

Spatial and Temporal Modeling of Beach Use: A Case Study of East Anglia,UK

As tourists are sensitive to weather conditions and changes to the environments they visit, it is likely that climate change will affect coastal recreation in the future. To understand these impacts, it is first important to quantify how visitor numbers are associated with beach characteristics and weather patterns. Using the East Anglian coastline, UK, as a case study, information on the spatial distribution of visitors recorded from aircraft flights is combined with beach characteristic data in a Geographical Information System. In addition, surveys are undertaken at two beaches to assess temporal variations in visitation. The study finds a diverse range of characteristics are associated with visitor numbers. These findings are evaluated alongside the anticipated effects of climate change and management policies. Although it is predicted that warmer weather will increase visitor numbers overall, sea-level rise may reduce numbers at wide sandy beaches, which are currently most preferred by tourists.     

基于时空隔离原则的列车控制软件集成方法的研究

针对CTCS-3设备硬件资源浪费、通信复杂和容易出故障的问题,参考ARINC 653标准中时空隔离的思想,目的是实现一台设备集成多台设备的功能,提高设备效率和可靠性.文中运用两级调度结构,根据VXWORKS操作系统的特性计算程序运行时间,确定隔离时间和周期;运用开发平台工具测量单个任务所需内存,确定隔离内存大小.用实例验证本方法的正确性.     

基于拓扑变换的一种不确定性推理方法

不确定性推理的研究是人工智能研究领域的核心问题之一,也是近年来一个很活跃的研究方向.关于解决和处理不确定性推理问题的方法有很多.但从数学本质上来看,它们都是在推埋的前提和结论之间建立一种变换关系,并利用该变换关系去处理该推理问题.本文用模糊拓扑和模糊数学的方法给出了一种基于拓扑变换的不确定性推理方法.这为处理不性推理问题提供了一种合适的方法.     

基于概率决策的车辆导航系统地图匹配算法

针对城市道路网日益复杂的实际特点,提出基于P ign istic概率方法的地图匹配算法。采用D-S证据理论的多规则数据融合技术,建立了车辆位置信息和方向信息判决规则。引入P ign istic概率理论,有效地利用现有信息扩大各匹配道路之间的信度差异,提高了算法的鲁棒性。对实际行车数据仿真处理结果表明,应用该算法可以较好地解决城市复杂路网地图匹配问题。