上海公交车辆安全行驶特征分析

上海市历来重视公共交通服务安全保障,为能进一步掌握公共交通安全情况,本文以公交车辆行驶违章情况为抓手,以大数据分析为技术手段,探究违章行为分类,剖析违章发生的时空特征及其与天气的相关性,并结合典型数据分析违章原因,为规范驾驶行为、改善驾驶环境、提升公交车辆安全行驶水平提供必要支撑。     

基于模糊缺省规则的自组织近似推理

将Ｒｅｉｔｅｒ的缺省规则推广到模糊子集上，研究了基于模糊缺省规则的近似推理 自组织近似推理，从而，为自组织模糊缺省控制器的设计和实现，奠定了理论基础。     

Identification and interpretation of spatial–temporal mismatch between taxi demand and supply using global positioning system data

Taxis provide a type of on-demand mobility service in urban transportation. There are growing concerns regarding the level of service of taxis in satisfying residents’ mobility demand. However, the mismatch between demand and supply of taxi services has not been resolved even with the introduction of app-based vehicle services. In this study, three indicators are constructed using the Shanghai taxi global positioning system (GPS) dataset to reveal the spatial–temporal mismatch pattern. The issue is further analyzed via a case study, in which seven regions with frequent mismatch patterns are identified in the time period from 21:00 to 22:00. Then, a multinomial logistic regression model is employed to identify the demographic and built-environment factors contributing to the taxi mismatch problem. The study results show that population density, residential areas, the number of points of interest, and road density have significant relationships with the taxi undersupply. In contrast, the areas of commercial lands, as well as the other two transportation-related factors, that is, the number of bus stops and the distance to nearest subway station, are observed to be statistically significant for both “oversupply” and “undersupply” conditions. This study provides valuable insights for identifying mismatch patterns and interpreting the mismatch problem as a function of spatially explicit factors that are of great use for urban governance, especially in the improvement of taxi efficiency, taxi management, and urban planning.     

一种基于模糊神经网络的交通方式划分模型

模糊神经网络具有良好的模式分类能力，而交通方式划分问题本质上也是一个模式分类问题。文章利用模糊神经网络方法对交通方式划分问题进行了建模，通过对FNN和BP神经网络（BPNN）方法运算结果的比较分析。证实模糊神经网络具有收敛速度快、精度高等优点：是模式划分问题的一种实用方法。     

Cycle Network Planning: Towards a Holistic Approach Using Temporal Topology

ABSTRACT

Current cycle-network planning (CNP) at the local level tends to be dominated by a subjective-pragmatic approach in which it is only possible to consider a limited number of route alignment possibilities and development-sequencing scenarios. Although this method may produce acceptable results, it may also be true that the final design could be improved – and the construction efficiency could be enhanced – by a more comprehensive review of the available options in relation to the objectives of the intervention. Such objectives may include accident reduction, modal shift in favour of cycling, health benefits or strategic expansion of a network. This article presents work undertaken to demonstrate a holistic approach to CNP, based on a logically defined spatio-temporal model and allowing some semi-automated multiobjective optimization of network designs in a GIS-based decision-support system. The model is introduced briefly before a case study applying this model to development of a cycle network in a small town in northeast England is described. The results obtained from this case study and the implications of this research for cycle network planners are discussed.     

汽车方案设计智能决策支持系统

从汽车整体设计的需要出发,分析了汽车总体方案设计的特点。介绍了一种智能化方案设计推理决策系统,该系统是在一个面向对象的数据库管理系统基础上开发的。在ACDIDSS中,问题求解主要采用基于实例的推理,辅之以基于规则的推理模式。论述了ACDIDSS系统的设计思想和各个主要模块的功能,并重点介绍了实例推进器的设计与实现。     

Ship selection using a multiple-criteria synthesis approach

A method is presented for selecting a preferred ship from a group of candidates as a reference ship for a new design. The method is based on a recently developed approach for multiple-criteria decision analysis under uncertainty, the evidential reasoning approach. Using this method, both quantitative and qualitative attributes of a complicated nature can be considered in the selection process. The method consists of three phases: identifying suitable candidate ships, evaluating them in terms of both conventional techno-economical and qualitative attributes, and aggregating all the attributes using the evidential reasoning approach. This three-phase procedure is illustrated by means of an oil tanker selection example. The results of this study show that the evidential reasoning approach can support multiple-criteria ship selection processes when both qualitative and quantitative information with or without uncertainties have to be taken into account. The outcomes generated by the method include the ranking of the candidate ships and indications of their strengths and weaknesses in the format of performance distributions over different assessment grades. Such information is vital in helping decision makers to make an informed selection and be aware of any risk implication associated with the selection.     

减摇鳍模糊参数自整定PID控制器设计及仿真研究

以船舶减振鳍控制系统作为对象，应用模糊控制理论，提出一种基于Fuzzy推理的PID参数自整定控制器，完成在线PID控制器参数模糊自整定的理论实现。并且在考虑船舶模型的非线性和不良浪向下，对系统进行了仿真。仿真结果表明，与常规PID控制相比，基于Fuzzy推理的PID参数自整定控制器，具有更好的控制效果和更强的鲁棒性。     

交叉口行人信号延误定性推理模型研究

根据服务水平评价不需要精确值的特点,本文运用定性推理,结合定量空间、定性关系等定性定量方法,提出了研究交叉口行人服务水平评价指标-行人信号延误的新方法.文章推导出了信号延误的定性推理结构,确定了变量的定量空间,进而通过推理形式表征了变量间的定性关系.结果表明,定性推理得到的信号延误定性值可以较好地符合服务水平指标值的区...     

三维空间过程模拟的时空数据模型研究

现有的地理信息系统软件一般没有考虑时间和空间多维因素,难以处理时空多维地学现象。而空间过程模拟是地学现象研究的主要手段。本文对空间过程模拟的数学模型、空间过程模拟模型的特点、现有GIS数据模型的局限性进行了分析,提出用快照序列模型和时间参数模型支持过程模拟的方法,并结合地震动过程模拟进行实例分析。