Augmented Reality Vehicle system: Left-turn maneuver study

Augmented Reality “AR” is a promising paradigm that can offer users with real-time, high-quality visualization of a wide variety of information. In AR, virtual objects are added to the real-world view in real time. The AR technology can offer a very realistic environment for enhancing drivers’ performance on the road and testing drivers’ ability to react to different road design and traffic operations scenarios. This can be achieved by adding virtual objects (people, vehicles, hazards, and other objects) to the normal view while driving an actual vehicle in a real environment. This paper explores a new Augmented Reality Vehicle “ARV” system and attempts to apply this new concept to a selected traffic engineering application namely the left-turn maneuver at two-way stop-controlled “TWSC” intersection. This TWSC intersection experiment, in addition to testing the feasibility of the application, tries to quantify the size of gaps accepted by different driver’s characteristics (age and gender). The ARV system can be installed in any vehicle where the driver can see the surrounding environment through a Head Mounted Display “HMD” and virtual objects are generated through a computer and added to the scene. These different environments are generated using a well defined set of scenarios. The results from this study supported the feasibility and validity of the proposed ARV system and they showed promise for this system to be used in the field-testing for the safety and operation aspects of transportation research. Results of the left-turn maneuver study revealed that participants accepted gaps in the range of 4.0-9.0 s. This finding implies that all gaps below 4 s are rejected and all gaps above 9 s are likely to be accepted. The mean value of the left-turn time was 4.67 s which is a little bit higher than reported values in the literature (4.0-4.3 s). Older drivers were found to select larger gaps to make left turns than younger drivers. The conservative driving attitude of older drivers indicates the potential presence of reduced driving ability of elderly. Drivers’ characteristics (age and gender) did not significantly affect the left-turn time. Based on the survey questions that were handed to participants, most participants indicated good level of comfort with none or small level of risk while driving the vehicle with the ARV system. None of the participants felt any kind of motion sickness and the participants’ answers indicated a good visibility and realism of the scene with overall good system fidelity.     

A model for the visualization and analysis of elevator traffic

ABSTRACT

Analysis of elevator traffic in high rise buildings is critical to the performance evaluation of elevator group control systems (EGCS). Elevator dispatching methods or parking algorithms in an EGCS can be designed or modified according to analyses of traffic flow. However, interpretation of traffic flow based solely on numerical data may not be explicit and transparent for EGCS experts as well as for other non-expert building administration. In this study, we present a model for visualization and analysis of elevator traffic. First, we present an alternative approach for traffic analysis which we call route visualization. In the proposed approach, we initially decompose elevator traffic into its component parts and investigate each component independently. Then, using superposition of components we obtain a reconstructed model of overall traffic. This modeling approach provides component-based traffic analysis and representation of routes with intensities through data visualization. In the second part we introduce a multi-dimensional analysis of time parameters in ECGS. This approach provides a comparative analysis of several control algorithms such as dispatch or park algorithms for different combinations of traffic components.     

缆索吊装系统在钢桁架拱桥上构施工中的应用

文章以新世纪大桥主桥钢桁架上构施工为例,对施工所需缆索吊装系统的承重主索、塔架、地锚、扣挂体系进行了介绍,并阐述了利用缆索吊装系统进行钢桁架拱桥上构施工的工艺流程及技术要点。     

物联网平台下智能交通系统体系框架研究

文章以现有智能交通系统体系框架为基础,提出以结构化方法制定物联网平台下智能交通系统体系框架,并以结构化方法的基本步骤为主线,结合物联网工作原理和自主体系结构,从用户服务、逻辑框架、物理框架三方面探讨新体系框架与现有体系框架的差别。     

城市交通系统通行性影响因素及计算理论

文章分析了震后城市交通系统通行性的影响因素,提出了包含路段单元通行概率、路段连通概率及路网连通概率的城市交通系统通行性计算理论,为城市路网的连通可靠性评价提供参考。     

杭州公共自行车交通系统发展优化建议与思考

文章通过大量的信息调研,综合分析了杭州市公共自行车交通系统(PBS)的运营现状及存在的问题,提出了拓宽非机动车道、服务点规模等级化、站点设施结构智能化、换乘系统综合化的公共自行车交通系统发展优化建议。     

凿岩台车臂定位系统与液压臂结构不匹配问题研究

为解决凿岩台车臂定位系统与液压臂结构不匹配而出现液压臂下降时抖动、平动速度慢、泵压过高等问题,系统分析液压臂下降时抖动的原因,指出液压臂下降时抖动是由于液压臂下部液压缸平衡阀的先导油源压力不稳引起的,并通过试验证实,如果下降过程中下部液压缸平衡阀的先导油源压力一直大于其开启压力,液压臂能够平缓下降。可以通过提高液压臂油源压力和增大下部液压缸回油背压来解决液压臂下降抖动问题。     

垂直水幕作用下扩建地下水封油库布局方式研究

为研究垂直水幕对扩建地下水封油库布局方式的影响,以某大型地下水封洞库分期建设工程为依托,采用有限元数值模拟方法,对有、无垂直水幕条件下扩建洞库的布局方式进行研究。研究结果表明： 1）当两期洞库间距较小时,在两期洞库之间设置垂直水幕可有效削弱拟建洞库对已建洞库水封可靠性的影响,随两期洞库间距的增加,垂直水幕的影响性逐渐减弱; 2）拟建洞库轴线方向对水封可靠性的影响受地形等条件的影响较大,在两期洞库之间设置垂直水幕对水封可靠性的影响较小; 3）随拟建洞库埋深的增加,拟建洞库的水封可靠性逐渐增强,已建洞库的水封可靠性却呈逐步减小趋势,在两期洞库之间设置垂直水幕可有效减小埋深对两期洞库水封可靠性的影响。     

丽香铁路黄山哨隧道下穿岩堆段设计施工关键技术

以下穿岩堆段的丽香铁路黄山哨隧道为工程依托,对岩堆段地表开裂及洞内初期支护边墙严重变形的问题进行研究。地表埋设6根测斜管监测地表位移情况,洞内布置3个断面进行围岩压力、钢架内力、二次衬砌内力、初期支护与二次衬砌间的接触压力、锚杆轴力量测。在分析现场岩堆段洞内外受力机制及原因的基础上,根据数值计算结果优化二次衬砌断面型式及进一步加大二次衬砌厚度及配筋。采取以下措施控制隧道岩堆段变形： 1）地表岩堆土石接触面开裂处增设截排水措施; 2）加大隧道初期支护钢架型号及加长岩堆侧边墙径向系统锚杆; 3）加大隧道边墙轮廓曲率并优化隧道二次衬砌型式为圆顺型; 4）隧道预留变形量加大至30 cm; 5）隧道二次衬砌内净空预留50 cm补强空间; 6）隧道拱部设置42小导管超前支护。现场岩堆段采取以上措施后已顺利施工通过,根据洞内外监测结果显示,结构在安全可控范围内。     

面向智能船舶的容错卡尔曼融合估计方法

针对智能船舶多传感器系统因未知海洋环境干扰和设备间干扰等因素导致的一个或数个传感器产生随机间歇性故障从而导致融合估计结果出现偏差甚至失真的问题,设计1种基于四分位滤波的容错方法,并针对该方法导致的观测时滞问题设计1种预报方法,提前预报观测值,进而抵消容错方法导致的时滞问题。此外,针对多传感器之间的互协方差难以准确估计的问题,采用CI融合估计方法进行融合估计。为验证算法的有效性和融合估计的精度,对带有间歇性故障的两传感器系统进行仿真试验,并与按矩阵、按对角阵和按标量3种分布式融合估计方法得到的结果进行对比。4种方法的均方误差系数大小对比结果显示,对于带间歇性故障的多传感器系统,设计的融合滤波不仅具有鲁棒性,而且具有较高的融合精度。