公路货运枢纽向现代物流节点转化的模式研究

公路货运枢纽向物流节点转化是可行的,但在转化过程中不宜盲目进行,应根据公路主枢纽的具体情况,做好站场现状的社会经济评价和物流需求预测及规划工作,并结合当地经济发展的实际情况,灵活选用物流节点转化模式进行物流节点的转化。     

Simulation optimization of the berth allocation in a container terminal with flexible vessel priority management

ABSTRACT

Solving the berth allocation problem (BAP) in ports is not trivial where the berth resources are limited and various sizes of vessels arrive with dramatically dissimilar loads. Especially in real scenarios, arriving vessels are accepted for a berth with the first come first served (FCFS) priority rule. This study proposes a decision support system coupled with a simulation optimization module based on the swarm-based Artificial Bee Colony optimization algorithm for solving the BAP. The proposed methodology was implemented for the Izmir port in Turkey. To investigate the influences of the vessel priorities on the BAP, four different experimental scenarios based on the single (SQM) and multiple queue models (MQM) were coupled with FCFS and proposed hybrid queue priority (HQP) rule. The results indicated that SQM scenarios were superior to MQM scenarios in a manner of minimizing the average vessel waiting times and the implementation of a dynamic berth allocation strategy for the MQM significantly decreases the vessel waiting times. Results of the SQM also imply that utilization of the HQP approach further minimizes the average vessel waiting times and increases the berth utilization and port throughput without yielding excessive waiting times for the larger vessels compared with the FCFS priority rule.     

枢纽地区调度指挥辅助管理系统的设计与实现

以TMIS车站系统为基础,介绍枢纽地区调度指挥辅助管理系统的设计与实现.该系统已在合肥枢纽地区投产使用,拟在分局车务段、调度所推广使用.     

利用TOPSIS法综合评价公路站场规划布局

确定合理的评价指标体系,并在此基础上将熵权法和TOPSIS法相结合对公路站场规划方案进行综合评价。在评价过程中,利用熵权法科学地确定各评价指标的权重,通过TOPSIS法对各备选方案进行定量排序,从而作为选择公路站场布局方案的依据,以某市的站场规划布局为例,说明该方法的实用性。     

A simulation optimization approach for solving the dual-cycling problem in container terminals

Dual cycling is an operation technique whereby quay cranes perform loading and unloading operations simultaneously in the same ship bay. In this article, a mixed-integer programming model for quay crane dual-cycling scheduling is developed. The model considers the stowage plan of outbound containers and the operation sequence of quay cranes. To solve the model, a heuristic method, called bi-level genetic algorithm, is designed. Meanwhile, a simulation optimization method integrating the intelligent decision mechanism of the optimization algorithm and evaluation function of simulation model is proposed. Numerical experiments indicate that dual cycling can reduce the operation time of quay cranes compared to the method of scheduling loading and unloading separately. Moreover, the model and algorithms developed in this article can tackle quay crane dual-cycling problem efficiently.     

Quality indicators and capacity calculation for RoRo terminals

Abstract

Road freight transportation has increased dramatically over recent years along with its impacts such as congestion, noise, and pollution. As a result, European and US governments have started policies to promote alternatives to road transportation, such as logistic chains containing a Short Sea Shipping (SSS) link. Road is, by definition, a more flexible means of transportation than shipping, which is usually cheaper. Therefore, to move traffic to SSS chains, it is necessary to provide fast, frequent, and reliable maritime transportation. In this sense, roll-on/roll-off (RoRo) vessels are the most convenient ships to be used, since they have smaller dwell times in port and, therefore, this is a kind of traffic likely to increase dramatically. The foreseeable increase of this kind of traffic must meet with an increase in the actual capacity by means of either improvement in performance and possible enlargements of existing terminals or the construction of new terminals. In that sense, this paper proposes a simple methodology to calculate the capacity of a RoRo terminal, whether already in operation or during its design process, and relate it to some quality standards by means of quality indicators, which should lead to the definition of Levels of Service similar to those already used in roads and airports. The paper ends by applying the methodology to a real terminal in Barcelona, Spain.     

高铁时期铁路客运枢纽分类及典型形式

为提高铁路客运枢纽设施布局和交通组织的适应性,对现阶段我国铁路客运枢纽分类及其功能特征进行研究。首先回顾了铁路客运枢纽不同发展时期的功能演变过程;然后,结合高速铁路时期新的发展特征,将铁路客运枢纽划分为综合型、中心型、区域接驳型和通勤型四种类型。针对我国新建高速铁路客运站大多属于综合型铁路客运枢纽的现状,重点分析综合型铁路客运枢纽的设施功能和空间层次,并围绕枢纽周边土地开发、城市轨道交通建设、道路网络、换乘功能四个方面,提出综合型铁路客运枢纽周边交通设施布局要点。     

公共汽(电)车首末站规划建设策略——基于香港经验

公交首末站是公共交通设施的重要组成部分,但普遍存在设施用地短缺问题,这将严重制约公交优先发展。首先,以广州市为例分析当前内地大城市公交首末站规划建设面临的问题。其次,剖析香港的成功经验,从规划指引、投资模式、综合开发及配建标准等方面提出具有可操作性的规划建设策略和方法,以推动公交首末站规划建设进程并促进公交优先的快速发展。     

A simulation-based vessel-truck coordination strategy for lighterage terminals

Lighterage contributes significantly to the maritime industry since thousand tons of necessary supplies have to be delivered to mother vessels anchored near sea every day. A single lighter waits to receive cargoes from multiple suppliers at the berth, while the trucks wait for their turns to enter the terminal. Due to the limited space, the terminal operation becomes vulnerable to the lack of coordination of their arrivals. In this study, despite a traditional industry, we are interested in applying the emerging technologies to improve the operation efficiency. We develop a simulation-based coordination strategy to construct coordinated schedules for both the lighters and suppliers to reduce congestions in the lighterage terminal The discrete event simulation model is developed based on understanding the real-world terminal in Singapore, and the controlled arrival method, determining coordinated arrival schedules of trucks, is introduced and embedded to the simulation model. The simulation model is tuned up with a benchmark setting of 6-month historical data. To find the optimal strategy, an advanced bi-objective simulation optimization algorithm is employed. According to our findings, the proposed strategy could significantly improve the efficiency of both lighters and trucks in various indicators. At the end, a mobile application prototype is proposed to deliver the coordinated schedules to different parties, and improve the communication between parties.     

Appraisal of investments in European nodal centres for goods – freight villages: A comparative analysis

The paper presents and analyses appraisal methods used for the assessment of potential investments in Nodal Centers for Goods (also called Freight Villages), which constitute an essential element of the Trans-European Network for Intermodal Transport. A methodological procedure is applied to identify the underlying factors that influence the choice of an appraisal method, without assessing or comparing the appraisal methods themselves. Following this procedure, issues addressed by the methods are grouped into three broad dimensions and with the use of non-parametric statistical tests, existing relationships are identified between nodal centres' characteristics, the appraisal methods, as well as the actors involved in the decision process. On applying the above procedure to European Nodal Centres for goods, it is found that the choice of appraisal method and the decision criteria for the investment are linked primarily to the nodal centre's size, catchment area, and the support or absence of political approval for the investment. The results of the analysis can be particularly useful at the policy making level, serving as non-formal "qualitative guidelines" to identify the appraisal method to be applied, as well as the options and impacts to be considered. This revised version was published online in June 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.