CRH3型高速动车组牵引变流器冷却系统试验研究

为验证动车组高速运行时牵引变流器的冷却系统能否满足散热需求,设计并构建了牵引系统热容量测试平台,利用该平台对CRH3型动车组牵引变流器冷却系统进行了地面测试,验证了装置的可靠性,并在武广客运专线进行了CRH3型动车组牵引系统热容量的动态测试研究,测试结果表明该牵引变流器的冷却系统能够满足动车组在高速运行时的冷却性能需求。     

一种新型车辆用紧急逆变器的散热分析

应用ANSYS 12.1的Icepak模块对新型车辆用紧急逆变器进行散热分析,根据热仿真结果选择合适的散热材料,验证散热结构设计的合理性。     

多年冻土地区路基冻胀变形分析

首先模拟气候因素变化过程,得到不同时期冻土路基温度场分布,温度场随时间的变化可以反映出冻结相变区的变化,然后考虑土体体积力和土体冻结相变产生的冻胀力,采用考虑拉破坏的热弹性力学方法,分析得到多年冻土地区路基变形分布和演变规律;在此基础上,对冻土路基纵向裂缝的成因进行研究,揭示出冻土路基纵向裂缝主要出现于路面中部及路面靠近路肩部位,这与实际情况是相符合的。进一步的分析表明:采用低冻胀性的土填筑路基,如采用碎石土填筑,对于降低冻土路基冻胀变形及防治纵向裂缝病害是有效的。     

改性沥青伸缩缝结合料与混合料低温性能研究

为改善改性沥青桥梁伸缩缝材料的低温性能,使其在寒冷地区中小跨径桥梁上获得成功应用,通过添加热塑性橡胶类改性剂和橡胶类改性剂,对美佳改性沥青结合料进行二次改性,并通过对改性前后结合料和混合料低温性能的试验对比分析,重点研究了伸缩缝用改性沥青结合料和混合料的低温性能,通过实桥伸缩缝验证了研究成果的可行性。结果表明:该研究成果可在-40°C以上地区的中小跨径桥梁伸缩缝中使用。     

Traffic modelling in system boundary expansion of road pavement life cycle assessment

This paper uses a case study of a UK inter-urban road, to explore the impact of extending the system boundary of road pavement life cycle assessment (LCA) to include increased traffic emissions due to delays during maintenance. Some previous studies have attempted this but have been limited to hypothetical scenarios or simplified traffic modelling, with no validation or sensitivity analysis. In this study, micro-simulation modelling of traffic was used to estimate emissions caused by delays at road works, for several traffic management options. The emissions were compared to those created by the maintenance operation, estimated using an LCA model. In this case study, the extra traffic emissions caused by delays at road works are relatively small, compared to those from the maintenance process, except for hydrocarbon emissions. However, they are generally close to, or above, the materiality threshold recommended in PAS2050 for estimating carbon footprints, and reach 5–10% when traffic flow levels are increased (hypothetically) or when traffic management is imposed outside times of lowest traffic flow. It is recommended, therefore, that emissions due to traffic disruption at road works should be included within the system boundary of road pavement LCA and carbon footprint studies and should be considered in developing guidelines for environmental product declarations of road pavement maintenance products and services.     

基于有限元的尼龙板热膨胀性能分析

尼龙材料由于其良好的机械性能及热性能而被广泛应用于各种生产领域,了解掌握尼龙板材在不同温度环境下的热膨胀变形对于设备的维护和保养十分重要。本文从材料的热膨胀理论出发,以有限元的理论为基础,详细讨论尼龙板材在不同温度下发生的热膨胀变形,通过有限元仿真分析尼龙板材在不同温度下的热膨胀性能,得出尼龙板在一定温度范围内的热膨胀变化规律。     

约束对隧道二次衬砌早期温度应力分布的影响

为了解决隧道工程渗水问题,基于某隧道工程,采用MIDAS-GEN对其二次衬砌早期模筑混凝土进行非稳定温度应力场以及周围约束进行研究。研究结果表明:约束可以改变隧道的早期拉应力场的分布,具有外围约束的隧道二次衬砌的拉应力为隧道厚度中间最大,无约束隧道的拉应力为外部最大,约束可以减小隧道外部区域的拉应力,使得远离约束区域的拉应力变大,而无约束隧道的拉应力分布与之相反。根据温度应力分布特点,建议在设计方面适当增大二次衬砌中间与外侧的配筋,在施工方面减小初期支护与二次砌衬之间约束等。     

船舶甲板分段纵骨焊接变形和残余应力数值模拟

基于非线性分析软件Abaqus,采用顺序耦合的热弹塑性有限元方法研究典型船舶甲板分段纵骨焊接的变形与残余应力问题。焊接过程中的温度场分析采用具有截面积分shell单元的shell/solid模型,移动热源为高斯分布与均匀体组合热源,材料考虑应变随温度变化的特性。通过与T型接头焊接实验结果对比,验证了方法的可靠性。在此基础上,计算分析了甲板分段纵骨焊接的整体变形和局部板格变形,并讨论了外板纵向和横向焊接残余应力分布规律。     

Phase change analysis of an underwater glider propelled by the ocean's thermal energy

The phase change characteristic of the power source of an underwater glider propelled by the ocean's thermal energy is the key factor in glider attitude control. A numerical model has been established based on the enthalpy method to analyze the phase change heat transfer process under convective boundary conditions. Phase change is not an isothermal process,but one that occurs at a range of temperature. The total melting time of the material is very sensitive to the surrounding temperature. When the temperature of the surroundings decreases 8 degrees,the total melting time increases 1.8 times. But variations in surrounding temperature have little effect on the initial temperature of phase change,and the slope of the temperature time history curve remains the same. However,the temperature at which phase change is completed decreases significantly. Our research shows that the phase change process is also affected by container size,boundary conditions,and the power source's cross sectional area. Materials stored in 3 cylindrical containers with a diameter of 38mm needed the shortest phase change time. Our conclusions should be helpful in effective design of underwater glider power systems.     

高速公路改扩建工程中的环境保护

通过对高速公路改扩建工程环境保护的研究,文章首先分析改扩建工程中环境保护的必要性,并对高速公路改扩建工程中环境保护的具体内容进行分析,重点探讨高速公路改扩建工程中环境保护的具体应用,对某高速公路改扩建案例的深入分析,提出四大环境保护措施。