Surrounding traffic complexity analysis for efficient and stable conflict resolution

The constant increase in air traffic demand increases a probability of the separation minima infringements in certain areas as a consequence of increased traffic density. The Annual Safety Report 2016 reports that in recent years the number of infringements, measured per million flight hours, had been increased at a lower rate (Eurocontrol, 2018). However, this level of infringements still generates a continuous pressure on the air traffic control (ATC) system and seeks for more control resources ready to tactically solve potential conflicts, while increasing at the same time the operational costs. Considering present air traffic management (ATM) trade-off criteria: increased airspace capacity and traffic efficiency but reducing the cost while preserving safety, new services must be designed to distribute the separation management ATC task loads among other actors. Based on the Single European Sky Air Traffic Management Research and Next Generation Air Transportation System initiatives, this paper proposes an innovative separation management service to shift the completely centralized tactical ATC interventions to more efficient decentralized tactical operations relying on an advanced surrounding traffic analysis tool, to preserve the safety indicators while considering the operational efficiency. A developed methodology for the proposed service is an application-oriented, trying to respond to characteristics and requirements of the current operational environment. The paper further analysis the traffic complexity taking into consideration the so-called domino effect, i.e. a number of the surrounding aircraft causally involved in the separation management service by the means of identification of the spatiotemporal interdependencies between them and the conflicting aircraft. This complexity is driven by the interdependencies structure and expressed as a time-criticality in quantifying the total number of the system solutions, that varies over time as the aircraft are approaching to each other. The results from two randomly selected ecosystem scenarios, extracted from a simulated traffic, illustrate different avoidance capacities for a given look-ahead time and the system solutions counts, that in discrete moments reach zero value.     

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讨论目前船舶和海洋石油平台中使用的典型氮气制取技术,列举了深冷空分、燃烧分离、分子筛分离和气体膜分离等四种方法,并对各种方法的优缺点和使用场合进行了比较。     

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山区城市道路在路基、立交节点、排水、道路景观等方面与一般城市道路的设计比较,存在一些不同的特点。该文通过对昆明东连接线支线工程的实例研究,探讨了山区城市道路设计中需要注意的一些问题。     

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独立成分分析是一种将源信号从混合信号分离出来的信号处理技术。本文首先概述了独立成分分析与盲信号分离,主成分分析的关系,然后系统地介绍了该技术的基本概念和数据模型,对现今比较流行的各种独立成分分析算法进行了剖析和总结。最后对独立成分分析的发展及应用前景作了展望。