赣江下游地区各类非点源污染源的影响研究

在国内外相关研究基础上,利用输出系数模型估算了2006-2009年赣江下游流域非点源污染负荷及各类非点源污染源的贡献率。结果表明,畜禽养殖、农业人口和耕地是赣江下游地区非点源污染负荷的主要来源,在TN贡献率方面畜禽养殖>耕地>农业人口,在TP贡献率方面畜禽养殖>农业人口>耕地。针对估算结果,分析了赣江下游地区畜禽养殖、农业人口和耕地形成非点源污染流失的原因,并据此提出建造化粪池等小型污水处理设施和人工湿地等相应的控制措施。     

A robust decision feedback equalizer for ATSC DTV receivers

Least mean square （LMS） decision feedback equalizer （DFE） is preferred as an effective solution to coping with inter-symbol interference （ISI） for ATSC digital television （DTV） receivers. In DTV transmission environment, echo delay often covers several hundreds symbols, which leads to very large-scale equalizer. One consequence of the large-scale equalizer is the very slow convergence, which combined with error propagation, inherent drawback of DFE, seriously deteriorates the performance of the receivers, especially in severe channels. More working modes and corresponding robust control mechanism were given to help the equalizer converge to the stable state smoothly. Simulation results show that the improved equalizer can perform better, especially in the severe channels.     

MODIFIED AUTOMATIC TUNING OF PI/D CONTROLLERS BASED ON PHASE AND AMPLITUDE MARGIN SPECIFICATIONS

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基于反馈通道混合磁链模型观测器的定子磁场定向矢量控制

从理论上分析了定子磁场定向矢量控制的特点，对几种常见的定子磁链观测方法进行了深入地分析和比较，最后设计出一种基于反馈通道的混合磁链模型观测器，给出模型转换点的选取方法。仿真验证该模型对定子、转子电阻的鲁棒性强，模型转换过程磁链、转矩过渡平滑。     

沉降预测的等步长灰色时变参数模型

针对经典灰色系统模型的不足,根据灰色系统理论的信息处理原则,在模型中引入遗忘因子,建立了灰色系统沉降预测的等步长灰色时变参数模型,并在求解过程中引入遗忘因子以修正预测结果.模型充分考虑了预测系统的时变性和灰色性,从而降低对预测系统状态的预测误差.实例预测表明,灰色时变参数模型可以将工后总沉降量的预测误差控制在7.0 %以内.误差检验结果显示,预测结果的精度等级较遗忘因子修正前有显著的提高.     

通过单片机实现对可编程电机的调速控制

使用单片机实现对PG电机的闭环调速控制,可以使电机的转速实现平稳无级调节,并且能有效地降低噪音。本文通过分析其工作原理,结合具体电路,给出了控制实现方案。     

Queue length estimation at metered freeway‐to‐freeway connectors

Freeway‐to‐freeway connector metering is a cost‐effective and proven freeway management strategy for relieving recurrent congestion. However, one of the critical challenges in design and operation of freeway‐to‐freeway connector metering is the lack of up‐to‐date queue storage length design guidance. In this study, it was found that ramp queue is dynamically related to the metering rate, on‐ramp demand, and traffic flow arrival pattern. Hence, simply using an average demand cannot provide accurate queue length estimation and is also not suitable for queue storage design where the maximum or a percentile queue length is generally used. A mesoscopic queue length simulation model was developed based on the input–output method for estimating queue lengths under various demand‐to‐capacity ratio scenarios. Simulation results indicate that for under‐saturated situations, the ramp queue may exist temporally due to the random short‐term surge of traffic arrivals, and the exponential function could best capture the relationship between queue length and demand‐to‐capacity ratio. For over‐saturated situations, the ramp queue tends to prolong linearly with the demand‐to‐capacity ratio. Based on the simulation, it was recommended that queue storage length be designed as 4.3% of on‐ramp demand when demand is lower than 1200 vph or 2.3% when demand is between 1200 and 2400 vph. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

基于二次反馈的两级交换结构

为缓解FTSA(feedback-based two-stage switch architecture)对调度算法执行时间的限制,提出了一种基于二次反馈的两级交换结构DFTS(double-feedback-based two-stage switch architecture).该结构通过二次反馈和接力调度模式,以多反馈一次N位缓存信息的代价拓展了调度算法的时域空间(N为交换端口数).理论分析表明:在相同条件下,DFTS的时延性能与FTSA的理论性能是一致的.     

基于SBM-undesirable 模型的综合运输效率评价

综合运输效率高低是衡量运输结构是否合理、方式间是否协调的重要依据.引入SBM-undesirable 模型,基于时序演变,系统分析了1979~2012 年中国的综合运输效率,并对投入产出要素作定量调整.结果表明,非期望产出对综合运输效率具有显著负影响; 1979~2012 年中国的综合运输效率呈"凹"字形波动,均值为0.68,其中1999 年效率值最低,不及均值一半;从分解效率看,综合运输效率同时受纯技术效率与规模效率的双重影响,且纯技术效率的制约力略强于规模效率,整体呈“综合效率≤纯技术效率≤规模效率”;运输从业人员、铁路机车拥有量及死亡人数是影响综合运输效率的前三个重要因素. 因此,调整运输资源结构、减少非期望产出和提高技术效率是提升综合运输效率的现实途径.