基于多属性决策的目标群威胁判断方法

在现代作战指挥决策系统当中,如何迅速反映战场态势变化,做出威胁判断,对实现指挥系统的自动化具有重要意义。根据多属性决策与威胁判断的特点,论文提出了基于多属性决策的目标群威胁判断方法,将目标群的属性及相互关系进行量化并对进行威胁判断与等级排序,其属性值由隶属函数进行刻哂。最后通过实例验证目标群威胁判断方法的有效性。     

A multi-criteria decision method for the analysis of the Motorways of the Sea: the application to the case of France and Spain on the Atlantic Coast

Despite European Union (EU) political support to identify the most feasible Motorways of the Sea, the final decision can only be made by Private Shipping Companies, which are operators of a unique stretch of the intermodal chain. This paper provides a multi-criteria decision method to identify the most suitable Motorways of the Sea taking into account the competitiveness of whole intermodal routes versus the alternative of road transport from the loader’s perspective. The analysis is carried out assuming a ‘many-to-many’ transport model. Firstly indexes of time and cost were defined and evaluated for every available route in the model in accordance with a multi-criteria decision matrix. Secondly, through a Monte Carlo simulation a sensitivity analysis was carried out in order to evaluate the influence on the results of the forecast assumed to construct the matrix. The results obtained are not only quantitative, but also qualitative. The development of intermodal routes via Motorways of the Sea is especially relevant for the peripheral EU countries. Due to the relevance of the freight flow between France and Spain and the congestion of their connections through the Pyrenees, the method proposed was applied to the analysis of this particular case     

Choosing Public Transport—Incorporating Richer Behavioural Elements in Modal Choice Models

The development of behaviourally richer representations of the role of well-established and increasingly important influences on modal choice, such as trip time reliability and accounting for risk attitude and process rules, has moved forward at a fast pace in the context of automobile travel. In the public transport setting, such contributions have, with rare exception, not been considered. In this paper, we discuss and empirically illustrate the merits of advanced modelling developments aimed at improving our understanding of public transport choice, namely the inclusion of reliability in extended expected utility theoretic forms, to recognize risk attitude and perceptual conditioning, the consideration of passenger crowding and its inclusion in linear additive models, and the role of multiple heuristics in representing attribute processing as a way of conditioning modal choice. We illustrate the mechanics of introducing these behaviourally appealing extensions using a modal choice data set collected in Sydney.     

基于Java Web的旧桥加固优选方案开发设计

针对旧桥加固的指标体系不同的特点,使用JavaWeb技术开发系统,并采用瀑布型的开发方式实现系统开发。实践表明,使用JavaWeb开发系统具有很大的优势,尤其是其架构简单,易于扩展,所以系统的优化更加简便。     

Towards improved port capacity investment decisions under uncertainty: a real options approach

ABSTRACT

Port activity plays an important role in facilitating international trade. Sufficient capacity is indispensable for a port to attract flows to a region and retain them. The capacity decision is the result of a trade-off between investment and waiting costs. Traditional methods to value expansion projects do not deal adequately with managerial flexibility in the face of uncertainty from different sources in the complex port environment. In this paper, real options (RO) models are identified as an alternative method to making project valuations and investment decisions, as they attribute the correct value to managerial flexibility under uncertainty. In order to be able to build and use such RO models for port capacity investment decisions, the sources and implications of uncertainty in the port and the different RO model specifications need to be understood. To this end, both the literature about uncertainty in the port context and the literature about real options models are reviewed in order to provide researchers who want to build their own decision-making models, with the necessary knowledge of both fields. The review makes clear that the complex interactions in and competition between the logistics chains and their actors coming together in ports have significant impacts on port capacity. Uncertainty is also caused by uncertain international trade flows and changes in legislation following new technologies and environmental impacts. An analysis of the components of some general RO models shows how the options of flexible output, investment size and timing are valued by RO models in a setting with demand uncertainty. Moreover, the review presents researchers with insights in how to deal with cooperative and competitive interactions in the chain, time to build, cyclical markets and legislation changes. It also shows how to value the expansion and the phased investment options. The new insights resulting from this review are subsequently combined in a framework that serves as a guideline to build RO models for port capacity investments. Finally, an exemplifying application of the framework is used to build an actual port capacity investment decision model.     

Refining light rapid transit typology: a UK perspective

Abstract

Recent developments in the light rapid transit sector have introduced transit modes that are attempting to imitate the performance of others, e.g. buses with tram-like characteristics. The boundaries between existing definitions of what is a bus, tram or train are becoming blurred. For transport studies and practice this requires a review of how we define modes. This is not just a matter of semantics, but has safety and competition regulation implications for system operators. This paper proposes a structure to produce rail- and bus-based transit mode definitions and typology that are appropriate for modern use. A decision tree is used to classify and define the transit modes as guided-bus, trolley-bus, light rail and tram-train and is provided with example systems. The paper provides a robust definitional framework that allows transit system promoters, operators and other interested parties to have a consistent basis of reference when specifying and comparing rapid transit systems.     

基于粗糙集的相邻交叉口信号控制方法研究

复杂交通区域的交通状况难以利用具体模型直接描述,而粗糙集理论能够在分析大量经验数据的基础上找到用于决策的规则。以交大东路上的行人和机动车为研究对象,提出一种基于粗糙集的信号配时算法,对交大东路上的两个相邻交叉口的信号灯进行控制,提出控制规则,对该复杂交通区域进行优化和疏导,是对多交叉口交通管理与控制的一次有益尝试。     

基于累积能耗的信号交叉口优化配时方法

为了减少车辆在城市道路系统中的能源消耗,从降低信号交叉口能耗的角度出发,对交叉口进行基于累积能耗的优化配时方法研究。在累积延误分析的基础上研究机动车怠速能耗、减速能耗和加速能耗的规律,由此推导出信号交叉口累积能耗模型,在该模型的基础上建立基于累积能耗与延误综合指标最小的交叉口信号配时优化模型。利用实际交叉口的vis-sim仿真,对比分析现状配时、韦伯斯特法配时和基于累积能耗方法配时的交叉口累积能耗和延误,结果表明,基于累积能耗的优化配时方法可以有效降低累积能耗和延误。     

导弹装备基于状态的维修理论研究

随着导弹装备的复杂化,传统的维修方式日益暴露弊端.基于状态的维修（CBM）在实践应用中日益显示其优越性和巨大的经济效益.论文分析了CBM的特点,阐述了CBM的实施条件,进一步分析了基于CBM的导弹装备维修流程.     

平面交叉口信号控制多目标优化研究

从道路使用率、出行时间成本、环境保护三方面平衡交通效益出发,建立在饱和度约束下以通行能力、出行者平均延误、尾气排放量作为性能指标的平面交叉口信号控制多目标优化模型;模型可根据交通流状态的不同对控制目标有所侧重;最后运用遗传算法对模型进行优化。算例分析表明,该模型能较好的适应交通流状态的变化,可获得更好的交通控制效果。