An easy procedure to determine Magic Formula parameters: a comparative study between the starting value optimization technique and the IMMa optimization algorithm

In 2004, a new searching algorithm for Magic Formula tyre model parameters was presented. Now, a summary of the results, for pure and combined slip, that this algorithm is able to achieve is presented. The Magic Formula tyre model needs a set of parameters to describe the tyre properties. The determination of these parameters is dealt with in this article. A new method, called IMMa Optimization Algorithm (IOA), based on genetic techniques, is used to determine these parameters. Here, we show the computational cost that has been used to obtain the optimum parameters of every characteristic of the Magic Formula tyre model, called Delft Tyre 96. The main advantages of the method are its simplicity of implementation and its fast convergence to optimal solution, with no need of deep knowledge of the searching space. Hence, to start the search, it is not necessary to know a set of starting values of the Magic Formula parameters (null sensitivity to starting values). The search can be started with a randomly generated set of parameters between [0, 1]. Nowadays, MF-Tool, an application developed by TNO, uses an optimization technique to fit Magic Formula parameters from Matlab toolbox [van Oosten, J.J.M. and Bakker, E., 1993, {Determination of magic tyre model parameters}. Vehicle System Dynamics, 21, 19–29; van Oosten, J.J.M., Savi, C., Augustin, M., Bouhet, O., Sommer, J. and Colinot, J.P., 1999, {Time, tire, measurements, forces and moments, a new standard for steady state cornering tyre testing}. EAEC Conference, Barcelona, 30 June–2 July.]. We refer to that algorithm as the starting value optimization technique. The comparison between the optimization technique employed by TNO and the proposed IOA method is discussed in this article. In order to give a relative idea of adjustment accuracy, the sum-squared error and the mean-squared error, from the curves of the tyre model with the parameters optimized by both applications compared with test data are evaluated.     

纯电动客车在线诊断系统设计及应用

目前大部分纯电动客车生产时的整车性能调试依赖技术开发人员,非常不利于纯电动客车的批量生产。本文详述一种能够对纯电动客车进行快速调试和在线诊断的系统,有利于纯电动客车的批量生产。     

Adhesion estimation at the wheel–rail interface using advanced model-based filtering

The railway industry in the UK is currently expanding the use of condition monitoring of railway vehicles. These systems can be used to improve maintenance procedures or could potentially be used to monitor current vehicle running conditions without the use of cost prohibitive sensors. This paper looks at a novel method for the online detection of areas of low adhesion in the wheel/rail contact that cause significant disruption to the running of a network, particularly in the autumn season. The proposed method uses a Kalman–Bucy filter to estimate the creep forces in the wheel–rail contact area; post-processing is then applied to provide information indicative of the actual adhesion level. The algorithm uses data that, in practice, would be available from a set of modest cost inertial sensors mounted on the vehicle bogie and wheel-sets. The efficacy of the approach is demonstrated using simulation data from a nonlinear dynamic model of the vehicle and its track interface.     

大众EA888发动机怠速抖动故障诊断与排除

发动机怠速抖动故障是发动机常见故障。本文以大众EA888发动机为例,介绍了EA8888的发动机特点,分析了引起发动机怠速抖动的原因和发动机怠速抖动的诊断方法及步骤。并通过案例介绍了进排气系统多故障导致的怠速抖动和配气正时失准导致的怠速抖动故障的诊断与排除,为类似故障提供诊断参考。     

新能源汽车维修中电子诊断技术的应用

新能源汽车属于新型汽车,近几年开始进入到我国汽车行业中并不断发展。为此,本文首先分析了电子诊断技术在新能源汽车维修中的应用优势,其次分析了电子诊断技术在新能源汽车维修中的应用类型及方式,旨在为电子诊断技术在新能源汽车维修中的应用提供参考,以此来提高新能源汽车维修质量和效率。     

汽车维修中检测诊断技术的应用探讨

现如今汽车已经成为人们必不可少的代步工具,汽车的数量随之也越来越多,在汽车的行驶过程中,难免会出现故障之类的问题,因此汽车的维修工作也变的尤为重要,其维修的师傅必须具备丰富的工作经验以及理论知识,然后借助检测诊断技术来进行汽车的事故和问题故障的检测排查工作。本文围绕汽车的检测诊断技术以及该技术在汽车维修中的应用展开分析。     

道路桥梁检测数据结合BIM技术的应用研究

随着市政道路桥梁检测要求的不断提高,检测数据分析和应用深度也随之提高,如何让检测数据更加有效、更加生动的反应道路桥梁的技术状况,成为了越来越多使用单位的基本诉求.针对这一现象,论文介绍了道路桥梁检测数据与BIM技术结合的基本路径,分析阐述了道路桥梁检测数据的主要内容及应用方面的不足,重点研究了如何以BIM信息模型作为检...     

奥迪混合动力车型绝缘电阻故障引起整车无电动模式故障2例

有一辆奥迪Q5 hybrid混合动力汽车和一辆奥迪A6L e-tron混合动力汽车启动时,仪表报警,均显示混合动力系统故障,均无电动模式。初步判断故障范围在高压系统的高压线路连接以及安全控制系统。结合诊断仪读码的分析,故障范围锁定在某个或者多个高电压部件不绝缘,通过对所涉及的元件、电路等进行检测,故障点分别为电驱动装置的功率和控制电子单元内部积水、高电压蓄电池充电器内部不绝缘故障,对其分别进行积水清理、部件更换后,车辆仪表报警灯消失,可正常电动行驶。     

芜湖长江三桥钢桁梁分层变幅法架设技术

芜湖长江三桥主桥为主跨588 m的双塔双索面斜拉桥,其钢主梁采用三角形桁式的双主桁布置,上层为板桁组合结构、下层为箱桁组合结构,采用分层变幅法进行钢主梁标准节段的悬臂架设.钢梁起吊设备选择整体底盘双臂杆结构,变幅范围为5～22 m的变幅式架梁吊机,站位于上弦杆节点处.钢梁采用"3+1"分层匹配法制造,运输船分层纵列运输...     

瞬态成分提取在变速器齿轮故障诊断中的应用

基于小波包的信号瞬态成分检测与提取方法及其应用，提出基于小波包分解特征表示和瞬态特征重建方法并应用于汽车变速器齿轮的故障诊断，结果表明基于小波包分解的信号特征表示方法能有效检测信号中瞬态成分的存在，瞬态成分的重建结果有效地表示了齿轮的故障状态。