钢桥塔的构造设计研究

在缆索支承桥中,采用钢桥塔符合可持续工程和绿色工程的结构设计新理念,而钢桥塔在我国的应用十分有限,现行的各种桥梁规范中也没有关于钢桥塔的规定。本文针对钢桥塔的稳定构造设计、塔柱截面构造优化、钢桥塔和混凝土基础的连接构造、塔形构造选择等问题进行了分析研究,开展了钢桥塔的稳定性试验,提出了防止钢桥塔失稳的措施,研究了塔柱截面构造的合理设置,对常用的塔-基连接的构造型式进行了适用性分析,并对几种常见塔形的受力性能进行了对比分析,研究结果可为钢桥塔的构造设计提供参考。     

超大断面隧道软弱破碎围岩台阶法施工过程力学效应规律研究

超大断面软弱围岩隧道施工过程中,采用台阶法施工方案容易引起大面积塌方,但是可以有效缩短施工工期,从安全性的角度出发,台阶法施工特别是作为台阶法核心问题的台阶高度选择值得进一步分析。依托兰渝铁路两水隧道,采用三维数值仿真手段,分别建立台阶高度取H/3,H/2,2H/3和最大宽度处模型,模拟了铁路隧道在极软弱围岩中采用台阶法施工选择不同台阶高度的施工过程,对比不同台阶高度下隧道的拱顶沉降、水平收敛和掌子面挤出变形,揭示了台阶法施工过程中围岩力学效应的演化规律,并最终得出最优台阶高度,为工程施工提供参考。     

新白沙沱六线铁路长江大桥钢桁梁横断面的合理选择

新白沙沱长江大桥主桥为(81+162+432+162+81)m的五跨连续钢桁梁斜拉桥,上层布置四线客运专线,下层布置两线货运专线,是国内首座六线铁路桥。为合理选择该桥钢桁梁的横断面,从结构的空间构成、受力及经济合理性等方面,对2片主桁与3片主桁、梯形斜桁断面方案与矩形直桁断面方案进行对比分析。结果表明:大桥采用2片主桁的矩形直桁断面方案既能满足线路的布置要求,又具有结构受力合理、钢结构制造安装方便和较好的经济性等优势。因此大桥钢桁梁最终采用2片主桁的矩形直桁断面,桁宽24.5m,桁高15.2m,上层桥面为正交异性板整体结构,下层桥面为纵横梁+道砟槽板结构。     

泰州长江公路大桥主桥三塔悬索桥方案设计的技术理念

介绍了泰州长江公路大桥工程环境、主桥桥型布置与结构体系,分析了中主塔的结构行为,简述了相应的设计对策及其控制标准。在此基础上,分析了这一新型三塔悬索桥得以采用的人文因素。     

大跨“槽型+箱型”连续混凝土梁受力与设计研究

针对某地公轨合建工程35+50+35m大跨“槽型+箱型”组合截面连续混凝土梁结构体系特殊、受力行为不明确，采用ANSYS有限元软件建立三维实体模型，研究其受力行为，并对设计提出建议。研究表明：①“槽型+箱型”组合截面满足平截面假定；②组合截面槽型、箱型部分纵向不同截面、同一截面边/中腹板剪力分布存在显著差异；③槽型部分边腹板与底板衔接处应力集中明显；④槽型部分边腹板与底板衔接处应加强配筋、桥面板悬臂根部及跨中配筋可取包络设计。     

地铁车站岩质深基坑型钢挡墙结构分析

以重庆某地铁工程为背景,基于岩质基坑支护理论,提出了一种岩质地层深基坑支护结构——型钢挡墙结构。首先对该结构进行理论分析与计算,然后从结构的安全性、工期可行性及经济性等方面进行综合论证,最后通过现场测试验证了该结构的安全性和合理性。型钢挡墙结构丰富了岩质地层基坑支护形式,可为后续类似工程的建设提供借鉴与参考。     

Dynamic characteristics of an 8.6 m lightweight FRP tower supporting mass on its top

The paper presents the results of an extensive experimental dynamic testing and numerical modelling conducted on the bottom segment of an 81 m glass fibre reinforced polymer (GFRP) guyed tower. The 8.6 m bottom segment was made up of four 2.15 m sections, each of which consisted of three composite cells. The cells were inter-connected using sleeve joints and were bonded together to form an equilateral triangle having sides of 450 mm. The guyed tower was tested under dynamic loadings with and with out carrying a mass on its top to evaluate its vibration performance. A modal analysis was also carried out on the tower with and without mass on top. The damped natural frequency of the flexural mode obtained from finite element without mass on top had a frequency of 6.1 Hz. The natural frequency obtained from testing was 5.50 Hz. The difference of 10.9% happened due to the loss of pre-stress in the cables indicates a good agreement of the natural frequency obtained from the analysis and from the vibration tests. The natural frequency without having mass was 10.67% higher than with mass on the top. The results confirmed the validity of the developed theoretical model.     

长大公路隧道通风竖井施工方案

本文主要介绍了宝鼎2号隧道竖井施工过程中的具体流程,叙述了短段掘砌混合作业法配合单层模筑混凝土工法的具体流程和中隔墙的施工方法大直径竖井在建设过程中多采用正井法,正井法中短段掘砌作业配合单层模筑混凝土施工速度大大加快,月成井可以达到60m以上,采用以伞钻钻孔,抓斗抓岩及液压伸缩金属模板互相配合施工,可以简化施工流程,工艺简单。     

Three-dimensional equivalent static analysis for design of submerged floating tunnel

Stress evaluation of a submerged floating tunnel (SFT) is an issue important for determining the section dimensions required to resist environmental loads. However, the complex interaction between an SFT and surrounding fluid has confined most research on SFTs to longitudinal global time-history analyses based on Morison's equation [1]. Even though these analyses give sufficient information in the longitudinal direction, too little information about the circumferential direction compels an SFT section to be designed conservatively. This means that SFT design requires additional information on the structural behavior of the tunnel in the circumferential direction for efficient design. Accordingly, a supplementary approach by which to obtain structural responses in the circumferential direction is introduced in this paper. Upon consideration of the static responses equivalent to the dynamic behavior, three-dimensional (3-D) finite-element analyses of an SFT were performed by application of static loads corresponding to dynamic loads equivalent to those of wave, current and earthquake. The validation of each equivalent static load was supported by the results from comparison of the tension forces in mooring lines obtained using OrcaFlex [2] and ABAQUS [3]. These were used mainly for longitudinal dynamic analysis and 3-D stress evaluation, respectively, of an SFT. Based on the stresses obtained in the longitudinal and circumferential directions, the selection of suitable section dimensions for an SFT is considered.     

铁路框架地道桥受下穿隧道施工影响的研究

采用荷载结构模型及连续介质力学模型分别对铁路顶桥受下穿地铁区间隧道施工影响所产生的沉降及内力变化进行计算分析 ,并据此提出下穿框架式地道桥的地铁区间的设计及施工的有关技术要求。