中国城市交通拥堵对策研究

城市交通拥堵的根本原因是交通供求不平衡.在城市交通高速发展的今天,如何缓解交通供求矛盾已成为社会的热点问题.研究表明,做好规划、设计并建设好每项交通基础设施、加强交通需求管理、严肃执法、大力发展城市公交、完善城市路网等是有效解决城市交通拥堵的有利措施.     

论和谐交通

交通作为社会的窗口行业,与人们的日常工作和生活密不可分,利用和谐社会的思想来构建和谐交通是目前交通行业的重要战略任务.和谐交通是和谐社会的一个重要组成部分,立足于我国现有的交通管理体制,以交通部主管的公路和水路运输为基本研究范畴,在以人为本思想的指导下,以服务于全社会和谐为己任,通过科学发展的途径,构建一种公平共享、法治有序、便捷高效、安全可靠、环境友善、人民满意的交通,是全体交通人义不容辞的责任.     

不良天气对交通信号配时的影响分析

天气条件是道路交通运营的重要影响因素之一.从理论上分析不良天气对信号配时的影响,然后运用SYNCHR0和SIMTRAFFIC仿真软件,对正常和不良天气两种条件下的交叉口信号配时进行配时优化和微观交通仿真,研究表明:不良天气对交叉口信号配时的绩效将产生明显的负面影响,针对不良天气专门制定的配时优化方案将改善交通状况、减少延误和提高车速,但是改善程度还与许多因素有关.     

国有收费公路企业全要素生产率测度及提升路径研究

近年来,收费公路行业绩效问题愈发凸显,但针对政府还贷公路运营载体的国有收费公路企业的研究却相对匮乏.为此,以2000～2019年21家国有收费公路企业的面板数据为研究样本,基于半参数估计法及Sequential-Malmquist指数法对国有收费公路企业全要素生产率(TFP)及其变动的内在结构性因素进行实证测度,得到如...     

江西省高速公路路侧交通事故统计分析和路侧障碍物处理对策

通过调查江西省昌樟高速梅林段、梨温高速和泰井高速2006年至2007年单车路侧交通事故,详细记录并分析事故资料,总结出江西省高速公路单车路侧事故的特点以及相应路侧障碍物在路侧事故中的反应特点,提出13种常见路侧障碍物的处理对策。     

Are HOV/eco-lanes a sustainable option to reducing emissions in a medium-sized European city?

Innovative traffic management measures are needed to reduce transportation-related emissions. While in Europe, road lane management has focused mainly on introduction of bus lanes, the conversion to High Occupancy Vehicles (HOV) and eco-lanes (lanes dedicated to vehicles running on alternative fuels) has not been studied comprehensively. The objectives of this research are to: (1) Develop an integrated microscopic modeling platform calibrated with real world data to assess both traffic and emissions impacts of future Traffic Management Strategies (TMS) in an urban area; (2) Evaluate the introduction of HOV/eco-lanes in three different types of roads, freeway, arterial and urban routes, in an European medium-sized city and its effects in terms of emissions and traffic performance. The methodology consists of three distinct phases: (a) Traffic and road inventory data collection; (b) Traffic and emissions simulation using an integrated platform of microscopic simulation; and (c) Evaluation of scenarios. For the baseline scenario, the statistical analysis shows valid results. The results show that HOV and eco-lanes in a medium European city are feasible, and when the Average Occupancy of Vehicles (AOV) increases, on freeways, the majority of vehicles can reduce their travel time (2%) with a positive impact in terms of total emissions (−38% NO_x, −39% HC, −43% CO and −37% CO₂). On urban and arterial corridors, the reduction in emissions could be achieved only if the AOV increases from 1.50 to 1.70 passengers/vehicle. Total emissions of the corridor with an AOV of 1.70 passengers/vehicle can be reduced up to 35–36% for the urban route while the values can be reduced by 36–39% for the arterial road. With the introduction of Hybrid Electric Vehicles (HEV) and Electric Vehicles (EV) it is possible to reduce emissions, although the introduction of eco-lanes did not show significant reductions in emissions. When both policies are simulated together, an emissions improvement is observed for the arterial route and for two of the scenarios.     

面向移动终端的实时交通信息服务分析

为了进一步提高我国交通信息服务水平,缓解拥堵,对比研究了现有服务终端的特点,并对用户交通信息需求展开调查.结合服务终端特点及调查结果,构建了面向移动终端的实时交通信息服务系统.系统可向移动终端提供信息查询、信息发布、服务下载等功能,为用户提供出行全程的交通信息服务.     

基于集对分析的道路交通拥堵判定

基于集对分析原理提出了道路交通拥堵判定的新方法——集对分析法,给出了集对分析法的基本思路和交通拥堵判定步骤。该方法考虑了交通状态分级标准的模糊性,同时避免了差异不确定系数的取值,应用于成都市某路段交通拥堵状态的判定,结果表明,该方法概念清晰、结构简单、计算简单、易操作、可行有效。