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271.
In this paper, we consider a coordinated multi-aircraft 4D (3D space plus time) trajectories planning problem which is illustrated by planning 4D trajectories for aircraft traversing an Air Traffic Control (ATC) sector. The planned 4D trajectories need to specify each aircraft’s position at any time, ensuring conflict-free and reducing fuel and delay costs, with possible aircraft maneuvers such as speed adjustment and flight level change. Different from most existing literature, the impact of buffer safety distance is also under consideration, and conflict-free is guaranteed at any given time (not only at discrete time instances). The problem is formulated as a pure-strategy game with aircraft as players and all possible 4D trajectories as strategies. An efficient maximum improvement distributed algorithm is developed to find equilibrium at which every aircraft cannot unilaterally improve further, without enumerating all possible 4D trajectories in advance. Proof of existence of the equilibrium and convergence of the algorithm are given. A case study based on real air traffic data shows that the algorithm is able to solve 4D trajectories for online application with estimated 16.7% reduction in monetary costs, and allocate abundant buffer safety distance at minimum separation point. Scalability of the algorithm is verified by computational experiments. 相似文献
272.
The uncertainty associated with public transport services can be partially counteracted by developing real‐time models to predict downstream service conditions. In this study, a hybrid approach for predicting bus trajectories by integrating multiple predictors is proposed. The prediction model combines schedule, instantaneous and historical data. The contribution of each predictor as well as values of respective parameters is estimated by minimizing the prediction error using a linear regression heuristic. The hybrid method was applied to five bus routes in Stockholm, Sweden, and Brisbane, Australia. The results indicate that the hybrid method consistently outperforms the timetable and delay conservation prediction method for different route layouts, passenger demands and operation practices. Model validation confirms model transferability and real‐time applicability. Generating more accurate predictions can help service users adjust their travel plans and service providers to deploy proactive management and control strategies to mitigate the negative effects of service disturbances. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
273.
One of the main triggers of traffic congestion on highways is vehicle merging at on-ramps. The development of automated procedures for cooperative vehicle merging is aimed to ensure safety and alleviate congestion problems. In this work, a longitudinal trajectory planning methodology is presented, developed to assist the merging of vehicles on highways; it achieves safe and traffic-efficient merging, while minimizing the engine effort and passenger discomfort through the minimization of acceleration and its first and second derivatives during the merging maneuver. The problem is formulated as a finite-horizon optimal control problem and is solved analytically. This enables the solution to be stored on-board, saving computational time and rendering the methodology suitable for practical applications. The tunable weights, used for taking into account the different optimization criteria, may serve as parameters to match the individual driver’s preferences. The proposed methodology is first developed for a pair of cooperating vehicles, a merging one and its putative leader. Moreover, an alternative solution procedure via a time-variant Linear-Quadratic Regulator approach is also presented. A Model Predictive Control (MPC) scheme is utilized to compensate possible disturbances in the trajectories of the cooperating vehicles, whereby the analytical optimal solution is applied repeatedly in real time, using updated measurements, until the merging procedure is actually finalized. Subsequently, the methodology is generalized for a set of vehicles inside the merging area. Various numerical simulations illustrate the validity and applicability of the method. 相似文献
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276.
为了运用应变能密度方法对黄土滑坡进行临滑预报,通过假定黄土为近似弹性体,以发生剪切破坏时的最大抗剪强度与临滑时最大应变的乘积作为最大应变能密度。同时以实际观测的位移-时间变量之间的关系,用回归法拟合出应变-时间关系的表达式,并得出应变能-时间的表达式。用应变能密度法对黄茨滑坡进行了临滑预报,并与滑坡的实际发生时间作了对比,两者非常接近。应用应变能密度法可对黄土滑坡进行较为准确的临滑预报。 相似文献
277.
针对并联机器人工作空间较小,轨迹规划时易于越出工作空间范围这一不足,提出了应用直线两端加抛物线过渡实现位置和速度连续的轨迹规划方法．并通过实例和图线比较得出该方法更适合于并联机器人这类小工作空间运动规划的结论．最后说明了该方法的可靠性． 相似文献
278.
作者在分析数层仓库联机维护与下查的3vwq算法的基础上,研究并提出了保证任务-致性的不限制版本数的实视图维护方法及多用户查询和系统维护之间的协调算法.通过使用改进后的算法,使数据仓库的维护性能得到了较大的提高. 相似文献
279.
介绍了鱼雷雷伞系统空中弹道多窗口动态显示的基本原理;分析了软件系统开发中的坐标变换、多窗口处理、鱼雷、降落伞和直升机的子图生成及旋转、动画处理等技术关键;论述了系统的面向对象设计方法。 相似文献
280.
针对高精度地图传统云端融合方法生成的地图置信度较低、误差较大的问题,提出了一种基于因子图优化的众包高精度地图云端融合方法。利用RTK-GPS数据对车端上传的局部语义地图进行全局化处理;对地图片段进行匹配,并利用一致性筛选流程提高匹配精度;以车道线匹配对构建约束地图间变换关系矩阵的因子图优化模型;利用某城市道路真实多车轨迹数据进行测试。结果表明,相较于传统方法,该算法对于优化初值的依赖性较低,对于地图间聚集度提升了44.7%;与车道线数据真值相比,该算法绝对误差均在1 m以内,具有较高的实用价值。 相似文献