基于遗传算法的车用空—空中冷器设计研究

以某车用增压柴油机的空—空中冷器为研究对象,应用遗传算法对其进行优化设计,提出了快速获取中冷器最优化芯体结构的方法。通过样品的风洞试验发现,优化计算的结果与试验结果吻合良好。表明使用该方法设计的中冷器,其传热系数最大可提高19.3%。在中冷器的设计方面具有明显的优势,为同类中冷器产品的优化设计提供了参考。     

提高车用发动机能量利用率研究进展

描述了近几年车用汽油机发展的几种新技术,包括GDI和HCCI燃烧技术以及混合动力技术的应用和发展,分析了它们的特点和在节能、环保等方面的作用。介绍了利用发动机排气余热的温差发电技术。论述了利用发动机冷却水余热和排气余热来改善发动机性能的新技术,该技术通过一套发动机后接蒸气动力装置,回收发动机余热能量做功,从而提高发动机能量利用率。探讨了这一新技术的研究内容,展望了它的应用发展前景。     

基于Elman神经网络的车用汽油机过渡工况空燃比辨识

以HL495Q型电喷汽油机为研究对象,分析了汽油机空燃比的数学模型,提出了一种基于Elman神经网络的过渡工况空燃比辨识方法。试验结果表明,Elman神经网络空燃比模型具有简单的网络结构,能高精度地逼近车用汽油机空燃比的实际动态过程,模型的平均相对误差小于1%,优于前馈BP神经网络模型的辨识结果。建立的Elman神经网络空燃比模型能改善过渡工况空燃比控制精度,提高排放性能。     

影响车辆转向瞬态响应特性的因素研究

利用ADAMS/CAR二次开发模块,建立了国产某小客车的整车多体系统动力学仿真模型。分析了车辆转向盘角阶跃输入和脉冲输入时的瞬态响应特性,并对相关的影响因素进行了预测分析,通过调整后轮侧倾刚度等参数,优化转向瞬态特性响应结果,经过样车的试验验证了优化结果。     

整体式无接触热阻散热器传热元件的研究

介绍了国内首次研制成功的Al质整体式无接触热阻散热器翅片管传热元件的结构与特点 ,对整体式无接触热阻散热器与管带式散热器进行了对比试验 ,并对试验所得的传热与阻力进行了分析。试验结果表明 ,无接触热阻散热器传热性能和可靠性优于管带式散热器 ,且体积小 ,质量轻 ,工序少 ,是目前车用管带式散热器理想的替代产品     

成都市火车南站斜拉桥的应力监测

通过对预应力混凝土斜拉桥的应力监测分析 ,认为混凝土在加载龄期较早时的收缩徐变较大 ,直接用所测得的钢筋应力通过弹模比法换算求得的混凝土应力值与理论值相差较大。本文提出的在加载龄期较早情况下 ,考虑混凝土的收缩徐变引起的钢筋和混凝土之间的应力重分布 ,通过静力平衡和变形协调条件 ,由实测钢筋应力推得的混凝土应力与理论计算值吻合较好 ,相应的收缩徐变总量与规范计算值较接近。本文方法在成都市火车南站斜拉桥监控中取得了比较满意的结果     

瞬态转速测量方法的研究与改进

对传统的转速测量方法进行了深入分析 ,提出了一种新的转速测量方法 ,新测速法在不提高对转速传感器要求的基础上实现转速的快速精确测量 ;详细地阐述了该方法的基本原理 ,并且将据此原理设计的测速系统的测量精度和测量时间与传统测速方法进行了对比分析     

利用物理模型研究热扩散问题

山东威海华能电厂循环冷却水正态物理模型试验的目的是研究电厂设备冷却水排入海中后对海域及取水口的热污染问题,本文剖析了试验过程,内容包括电厂附近海域的自然条件分析、热扩散理论在模型中的应用、模型设计思想、试验设备量测系统与试验方法以及模型试验中需要探讨的问题。     

Global cutting-path optimization considering the minimum heat effect with microgenetic algorithms

This article considers microgenetic algorithms (GAs), which explore in a small population with a few genetic operators, for cutting-path optimization problems. The major difference between GAs and simple genetic algorithms (SGAs) is how to make a reproductive plan for an improved searching technique because of population choice. It is shown that GAs implementation reaches the near-optimal region much earlier than the SGAs approach, and the GAs give a better solution than simulated annealing (SA). The main objective was to determine what temperature distribution can be obtained from the solution of a travelling distributed heat source. The solution of the travelling heat source on nested raw plate provides information about the vertices of each nested part of the raw plate. From the fact that the initial temperature at a piercing point strongly depends on the heat flow which stems from the previous cutting contour, the temperature of all piercing points must be lower than the critical temperature after each cutting of the components of a part. The critical temperature is identified as the mechanical melting temperature of steels. A heuristic back-tracking method is introduced to find the near-optimum cutting path considering the minimum heat effect on deformation. The heuristic back-tracking method is incorporated with the GAs.     

A pseudofield model approach to simulate compartment-fire phenomena for marine fire safety design

In order to prevent the spread of marine compartment fires, it is necessary to understand the governing factors or characteristics of fire-spread phenomena. We present a pseudofield model approach to this problem. We first described a field model of turbulent heat convection based on a standard k – turbulence model. Two-dimensional numerical simulations of a two-linked compartment fire were carried out in order to predict the turbulent convection flow induced by the heat released from the fire. Then a more complicated fire-spread problem of multilinked compartment fires was analyzed by means of a zone model, in which the amounts of oxygen consumption and gas generation were solved by a gas-balance equations system. The effect of threshold conditions on fire propagation and the effect of the thickness of the heat insulation were investigated with numerical simulations.