Phase change analysis of an underwater glider propelled by the ocean＇s thermal energy

The phase change characteristic of the power source of an underwater glider propelled by the ocean＇s thermal energy is the key factor in glider attitude control. A numerical model has been established based on the enthalpy method to analyze the phase change heat transfer process under convective boundary conditions. Phase change is not an isothermal process, but one that occurs at a range of temperature. The total melting time of the material is very sensitive to the surrounding temperature. When the temperature of the surroundings decreases 8 degrees, the total melting time increases 1.8 times. But variations in surrounding temperature have little effect on the initial temperature of phase change, and the slope of the temperature time history curve remains the same. However, the temperature at which phase change is completed decreases significantly. Our research shows that the phase change process is also affected by container size, boundary conditions, and the power source＇s cross sectional area. Materials stored in 3 cylindrical containers with a diameter of 38ram needed the shortest phase change time. Our conclusions should be helpful in effective design of underwater glider power systems.     

Prediction of thermal environment via revision of PMV index with body temperature

PMV （Predicted Mean Vote） is a widely used index for evaluating the thermal environment. However, few studies have been conducted to take physiological values directly as evaluating indices. This paper assumes a linear relation between body temperature and both sweating rate and heat produced by shivering, and introduces the linear relation into the human heat balance equation to revise the classic PMV. And the assumption of linear relation is subsequently proved. The revised PMV possesses the same characteristic of dependent heat load as that of the classic one, and moreover it is convenient to be calculated.     

An Intelligent Response Surface Methodology for Modeling of Domain Level Constraints

An effective modeling method of domain level constraints in the constraint network for concurrent engineering （CE） was developed. The domain level constraints were analyzed and the framework of modeling of domain level constraints based on simulation and approximate technology was given. An intelligent response surface methodology （IRSM） was proposed, in which artificial intelligence technologies are introduced into the optimization process. The design of crank and connecting rod in the V6 engine as example was given to show the validity of the modeling method.     

波浪作用下沉管隧道管段双驳船沉放过程的频域响应

基于线性波理论，应用三维分布源法求解边界积分方程，计算了波浪作用下双驳船施工沉放的沉管隧道管段沉放过程中的波浪荷载及频域运动响应。计算中忽略了驳船本身的运动对沉管运动响应以及缆绳受力的影响，缆绳作用力由静力学方法计算。计算结果表明，沉管受到的波浪荷载在靠近水面的位置较大，并随着沉管沉放深度的增加而减小；随着波浪周期的增大，沉管受到的波浪荷载先增大而后减小；沉管的运动响应一般在离水面近的位置较大，并随着沉放深度的增加而减小。     

应用响应面方法进行200km/h转向架阻尼器参数的优化研究

以我国铁路应用的 2 0 0km/h客车为实例 ,应用响应面优化方法 ,进行 2 0 0km/h转向架悬挂系统的阻尼器参数优选。首先应用ADAMS/Rail进行 2 0 0km/h客车的动力学仿真计算 ,将计算结果与试验比较 ,验算了模型的准确性。然后 ,应用响应面优化法对其阻尼参数进行优化 ,将得到的最优参数应用到ADAMS建立的仿真模型中 ,得到了更好的舒适性     

贫混凝土基层材料变形性能的研究

通过室内试验，研究了贫混凝土道路基层材料的温度收缩和干燥收缩特性。试验结果为贫混凝土基层路面温度应力的计算提供了重要的参数，并对进一步研究贫混凝土基层干缩裂缝的防止具有重要的意义。     

沉管隧道地震响应的影响因素分析

以南京长江沉管隧道为背景,采用动力有限元法分析沉管隧道的地震响应。沉管隧道二维分析的合理计算范围分析表明,横向半宽取3倍洞径为宜。隧道结构的地震响应随着周围岩土的黏聚力及内摩擦角的增大而增大。沉管隧道的地震响应随着埋深的增加而增加,但增加幅度在减小,因此,从抗震的角度讲沉管隧道宜浅埋,但浅埋必须满足抗浮稳定性、安全性等要求。在水平地震力作用下,沉管隧道4个角的动力反应较大,是结构的薄弱部位,在设计中应予以加强。考虑水的耦合作用时,隧道的地震反应增强,在水深20 m条件下,应力增量最大超过10%。实际工程中水深一般较大,因此,计算中应该考虑水的影响。     

弯道超高路段沥青路面的力学响应分析

车辆在弯道超高路段行驶时会受到离心力作用,而现行路面设计方法未考虑离心力的影响。工程实践发现,在沥青路面弯道超高路段病害较多。就这分析了路面超高路段的力学特征,推导出离心力导致轮载不平衡的计算公式。利用有限元软件,以高速公路典型沥青路面结构为例,定量分析了离心力对路面力学响应的影响。计算表明:考虑离心力后路面的力学响应均大于不考虑离心力的情况,且速度越高影响程度越大。可见离心力的存在和现行设计方法的不足是导致路面弯道薄弱环节的原因。