Alford力作用下计及叶片振动的转子-轴承系统动力学特性分析

为了分析非线性耦合因素与叶片振动对转子-轴承系统动力学特性影响,文章将叶片模化为悬臂梁结构并利用假设模态法离散简化,建立了阿尔福德(Alford)力作用下计及叶片弯曲振动的系统动力学模型。采用Runge-Kutta法对非线性振动微分方程进行数值求解,通过系统响应的分岔图、时间历程图与频谱图、轴心轨迹图、Poincaré映射图和相图研究了叶片弯曲变形以及Alford力对系统的非线性动力学行为的影响。结果表明:叶片振动使系统的不稳定区域提前,转子发生混沌运动的转速范围增大;叶尖气隙引起的Alford力使系统的运动状态变得更为复杂,油膜非线性更加明显。     

Ultimate load analysis of a 10 MW offshore monopile wind turbine incorporating fully nonlinear irregular wave kinematics

Loads from storm waves can in some cases be dimensioning for offshore wind turbine substructures. Accurate determination of nonlinear wave loads is therefore important for a safe, yet economic design. In this paper, the fully nonlinear waves, realized by a fully nonlinear potential wave solver OceanWave3D, are incorporated into coupled aero-servo-hydro-elastic simulations for a reduced set of wave-sensitive design load cases, in comparison with the widely used linear and constrained waves. The coupled aero-elastic simulations are performed for the DTU 10 MW reference wind turbine on a large monopile at 33 m water depth using the aero-elastic code HAWC2. Effect of the wave nonlinearity is investigated in terms of the ultimate sectional moments at tower bottom and monopile mudline. Higher ultimate moments, 5% at tower bottom and 13% at monopile mudline as maximum, are predicated when the nonlinear waves are used. It could be explained by the fact that the extreme nonlinear waves, that are close to the breaking limit, can induce resonant ringing-type responses, and hereby dominate the ultimate load responses. However, the constrained wave approach shows marginal difference compared to the standard linear wave approach. It can be concluded at least for the present configuration that the industry standard approaches (linear and constrained wave approach) underestimate the ultimate load responses on offshore wind turbines in severe sea states.     

Semi-submersible wind turbine hull shape design for a favorable system response behavior

Floating offshore wind turbines are a novel technology, which has reached, with the first wind farm in operation, an advanced state of development. The question of how floating wind systems can be optimized to operate smoothly in harsh wind and wave conditions is the subject of the present work. An integrated optimization was conducted, where the hull shape of a semi-submersible, as well as the wind turbine controller were varied with the goal of finding a cost-efficient design, which does not respond to wind and wave excitations, resulting in small structural fatigue and extreme loads.The optimum design was found to have a remarkably low tower-base fatigue load response and small rotor fore-aft amplitudes. Further investigations showed that the reason for the good dynamic behavior is a particularly favorable response to first-order wave loads: The floating wind turbine rotates in pitch-direction about a point close to the rotor hub and the rotor fore-aft motion is almost unaffected by the wave excitation. As a result, the power production and the blade loads are not influenced by the waves. A comparable effect was so far known for Tension Leg Platforms but not for semi-submersible wind turbines. The methodology builds on a low-order simulation model, coupled to a parametric panel code model, a detailed viscous drag model and an individually tuned blade pitch controller. The results are confirmed by the higher-fidelity model FAST. A new indicator to express the optimal behavior through a single design criterion has been developed.     

风力发电机组远程监控及风场风机管理软件的开发

为使风电机组可靠运行、高效发电及便于管理,开发了风机远程控制及风电场管理软件。该软件采用WINDOWS操作系统下的VC++加后台关系数据库、C/S(客户端\服务器)体系结构、多线程数据联系方式,界面友好,使用方便,现场运行可靠。文章描述了该软件数据库中风机特性表和数据处理表,介绍了其数据通信及处理模块等主要模块及部分关键技术。     

高原用兆瓦级风电机组电气系统的改进设计

分析了高原气候对兆瓦级风力发电机组电气系统的影响,以WT1650型变速恒频双馈异步风力发电机组(1.65 MW)为例,提出了该风电机组在海拔4 000 m环境条件下运行的解决方案,并对其电气系统做了改进设计,整个改进方案对常规风电机组在高原环境下运行有良好的指导作用。     

Strain estimation for offshore wind turbines with jacket substructures using dual-band modal expansion

Structural fatigue is a design driver for offshore wind turbines (OWT). In particular, the substructures, like jackets, are strongly affected by fatigue. Monitoring the fatigue progression in the welds is vital for the maintenance and a potential lifetime extension. However, inspections of critical locations are costly due to the limited accessibility of the mostly submerged jacket. Considering the high number of potentially critical welds, it is regarded as economically unfeasible to equip all fatigue hot spots with sensors. Thus, an indirect method to monitor the fatigue progress of the structure and point out critical locations is desirable. For a consistent support of ongoing maintenance, it has to yield reliable results for varying operational and environmental conditions. This paper applies a virtual sensing approach to jacket substructures. From a small set of sensors on the tower, fatigue at every desired location of the jacket is estimated using dual-band modal expansion. Simulations using the OC4 jacket design are performed to show potentials and limitations of the method. Namely fatigue progress on leg welds of K-joints is predicted with high accuracy over a wide range of load cases. However, some difficulties in fatigue prediction of X-joints due to the occurrence of local modes and limitations in the extrapolation of wave loading have to be resolved in future work.     

舰用燃气轮机RMS参数体系研究

根据舰用燃气轮机的任务需求和使用环境特点,综合RMS参数体系需要考虑的因素,按定量参数和定性要求,提出了舰用燃气轮机RMS参数体系,并给出了定量参数的含义以及计算公式.     

汽轮发电机异常振动原因分析

汽轮发电机的异常振动是发电厂最为常见故障。分析由于汽轮发电机转子不对称及热效应导致汽轮发电机产生振动的原因，并对发电机转子工作异常现象进行分析。最后，结合工程实例对某电厂大修后开机过程中异常振动故障进行分析，为发电机工频振动诊断提供分析判断的思路和方法。     

电力电子与绿色能源

介绍了绿色能源的概念,以风力发电为重点介绍了电力电子技术在绿色能源发展中的应用以及分布式发电在绿色能源系统方面的应用.     

基于多目标遗传算法的复式转叶舵机结构优化

针对舰船转叶舵机运动时舵叶与水动力之间存在强力位耦合的问题,设计一种新型复式液压摆动缸转舵机构。为减小结构整体占地面积,基于多目标遗传算法(Multi-Objective Genetic Algorithm, MOGA)建立以复式摆动缸壳体内径、力矩解耦缸转子内径、驱动缸转子轮毂直径、动静叶片高度、动静叶片宽度和壳体厚度几何尺寸为设计变量的多目标优化模型。在使用遗传算法(Genetic Algorithm, GA)求解非线性约束条件下的多变量优化问题时,通过设计罚函数,将适应度函数与约束条件分离以处理约束条件,根据设定的准则择优筛选最优尺寸参数。通过有限元软件ANSYS对摆动缸壳体、力矩解耦缸转子和驱动缸转子进行应力应变分析。结果表明,在满足结构强度、刚度和安全因数的前提下,复式摆动缸结构尺寸最优,验证优化后结构的可靠性。