土工布在水泥混凝土路面加铺沥青混凝土层结构中的抗剪试验分析

在水泥混凝土路面加铺沥青混凝土面层(简称“白加黑”)的路面结构中,利用层间铺设土工布来延缓、减少反射裂缝是一种经常被采用的技术方案.但铺设土工布后,层间黏结力下降,容易造成沥青混凝土加铺层推移而致过早破坏.针对此现象,运用有关力学软件计算分析了水泥混凝土面板与沥青混凝土加铺层结构中的层间剪应力,发现层间光滑时的剪应力大...     

Variability of the western Galician upwelling system (NW Spain) during an intensively sampled annual cycle. An EOF analysis approach

The key features of the western Galician shelf hydrography and dynamics are analyzed on a solid statistical and experimental basis. The results allowed us to gather together information dispersed in previous oceanographic works of the region. Empirical orthogonal functions analysis and a canonical correlation analysis were applied to a high-resolution dataset collected from 47 surveys done on a weekly frequency from May 2001 to May 2002. The main results of these analyses are summarized bellow. Salinity, temperature and the meridional component of the residual current are correlated with the relevant local forcings (the meridional coastal wind component and the continental run-off) and with a remote forcing (the meridional temperature gradient at latitude 37°N). About 80% of the salinity and temperature total variability over the shelf, and 37% of the residual meridional current total variability are explained by two EOFs for each variable. Up to 22% of the temperature total variability and 14% of the residual meridional current total variability is devoted to the set up of cross-shore gradients of the thermohaline properties caused by the wind-induced Ekman transport. Up to 11% and 10%, respectively, is related to the variability of the meridional temperature gradient at the Western Iberian Winter Front. About 30% of the temperature total variability can be explained by the development and erosion of the seasonal thermocline and by the seasonal variability of the thermohaline properties of the central waters. This thermocline presented unexpected low salinity values due to the trapping during spring and summer of the high continental inputs from the River Miño recorded in 2001. The low salinity plumes can be traced on the Galician shelf during almost all the annual cycle; they tend to be extended throughout the entire water column under downwelling conditions and concentrate in the surface layer when upwelling favourable winds blow. Our evidences point to the meridional temperature gradient acting as an important controlling factor of the central waters thermohaline properties and in the development and decay of the Iberian Poleward Current.     

水平透水层对软基沉降理论研究分析

为了研究水平透水层对软基沉降的影响，本文运用二维Biot法对不同埋深透水层的软基沉降进行理论分析。结果表明，含有透水层的软基不但竖向变形、水平位移量小，而且压缩稳定所需的时间短，透水层排水能力对加速土层固结是相当有效，因此计算时必须考虑透水层的影响。     

泡漩水数值模拟研究

笔者针对泡漩水所具有的三维性、自由表面、强紊动性的特点,采用三维K-ε模型,引入通度概念处理不规则边界,用VOF法追踪自由表面,并对突嘴深槽组合地形产生的泡漩水流场进行了数值计算,计算结果与实测资料吻合良好.     

旧水泥砼路面沥青加铺层混合料试验研究

为了尽可能地满足加铺层对沥青混合料路用性能的要求,有关部门对沥青混合料进行了一系列路用性能的试验及分析研究,设计了能满足加铺层路用性能要求的沥青混合料,可供同行参考.     

不规则波中二阶辐射问题时域数值模拟

能够有效地模拟不规则波中非线性的波物相互作用是深海工程领域一直关心的热点问题,因此有必要采用时域理论对不规则波中非线性的波物相互作用进行研究和分析。对自由面和物面条件进行Taylor 级数和Stokes摄动展开得到一阶和二阶边值问题。使用基于Rankine源的边界元法计算每一时刻的流场,并在自由面上采用积分格式的自由面条件;在远方控制面上采用多次透射边界条件以及其耦合阻尼区的边界条件;对做不规则垂荡运动的截断圆柱所受到的水动力进行了时域数值模拟。结果表明：文中方法可以用于时域研究不规则波中的二阶问题,在人工边界处达到无反射的效果。     

非均衡湍流边界层脉动压力测试研究

通过建立非均衡湍流边界层脉动压力测试技术及可提供较高测试信噪比的低噪声风洞试验装置,采用表面贴装式硅微传声器线列阵,测量获得了不同压力梯度模型的湍流边界层脉动压力特性,压力梯度模型表面湍流边界层脉动压力低频平台区幅值增加3-5 dB;回归得到了非均衡湍流边界层流脉动压力频谱与Strauhal数及Re数和压力梯度相关的拟合模型,具有一定的适用性;压力梯度对湍流边界层脉动压力频率—波数谱的影响主要集中在300 Hz以下的低频段,传输波数附近峰脊区谱级增加3-5 dB。     

平板壁面湍流脉动压力及其波数-频率谱的大涡模拟计算分析研究

壁面湍流脉动压力是重要的流噪声声源,对壁面湍流脉动压力及其波数-频率谱进行数值计算是流声耦合领域的重要课题,开展相应的研究十分必要。文章采用大涡模拟方法（LES）结合动态亚格子涡模型（DSL）与千万量级的精细网格,对平板壁面湍流脉动压力及其波数-频率谱进行了数值计算,并与试验结果进行了对比分析,验证了数值计算方法的可靠性。首先,介绍了大涡模拟的物理内涵与基本方程,给出了所采用亚格子涡模型的表达式。其次,描述了Abraham试验中矩形试验段的几何特征,给出了网格的剖分形式,并给出了相应的离散求解数值方法以及边界条件的设置。再次,探讨了湍流脉动压力变化规律及其相似律,基于Fourier变换计算得到了湍流脉动压力波数-频率谱,并详细讨论了壁面湍流脉动压力及其波数-频率谱计算值与试验值之间的差异,进行了定量与定性的验证分析,结果表明,计算结果与试验结果吻合良好,计算方法合理可靠,为今后复杂几何模型壁面湍流脉动压力及其波数-频率谱的计算研究工作奠定了基础。最后,基于试验和计算结果,比较分析了常用波数-频率谱理论模型,为波数-频率谱的工程应用提供了参考。     

能量耗散效应的多域边界元法(英文)

The wave diffraction and radiation around a floating body is considered within the framework of the linear potential theory in a fairly perfect fluid.The fluid domain extended infinitely in the horizontal directions but is limited by the sea bed,the body hull,and the part of the free surface excluding the body waterplane,and is subdivided into two subdomains according to the body geometry.The two subdomains are connected by a control surface in fluid.In each subdomain,the velocity potential is described by using the usual boundary integral representation involving Green functions.The boundary integral equations are then established by satisfying the boundary conditions and the continuous condition of the potential and the normal derivation across the control surface.This multi-domain boundary element method(MDBEM) is particularly interesting for bodies with a hull form including moonpools to which the usual BEM presents singularities and slow convergence of numerical results.The application of the MDBEM to study the resonant motion of a water column in moonpools shows that the MDBEM provides an efficient and reliable prediction method.     

基于mRNA转录的复合材料铺层数量遗传算法优化

研究使用最少铺层数量,使产品达到性能指标的复合材料铺层优化问题。使用遗传算法,参考真实生物遗传过程,在遗传算法由染色体得到个体的过程中,补充了mRNA转录过程模块。该模块通过在染色体上设定终止子,得到前体mRNA,再通过剪接、对称、角度还原过程,得到成熟mRNA,即铺层序列。在算法运行过程中,染色体长度始终不变,铺层序列的长度通过mRNA转录模块得以改变,由此实现了铺层数量和铺层角度的同时优化。