探查水下矿物资源的AUV动力控制系统开发

Valuable mineral resources are widely distributed throughout the seabed. autonomous underwater vehicles (AUVs) are preferable to remotely-operated vehicles (ROVs) when probing for such mineral resources as the extensive exploration area makes it difficult to maintain contact with operators. AUVs depend on batteries, so their power consumption should be reduced to extend exploration time. Power for conventional marine instrument systems is incorporated in their waterproof sealing. External intermittent control of this power source until termination of exploration is challenging due to limitations imposed by the underwater environment. Thus, the AUV must have a power control system that can improve performance and maximize use of battery capacity. The authors developed such a power control system with a three-step algorithm. It automatically detects underwater operational states and can limit power, effectively decreasing power consumption by about 15%.     

嵌岩灌注桩施工中注意的问题及处理方法

本文总结嵌岩灌注桩工程实践中的经验,阐述了水下混凝土嵌岩灌注桩施工须注意的主要问题及处理的方法。     

基于Hilbert-Huang变换的船舶结构冲击响应研究

针对水下爆炸时船舶结构遭受的冲击响应信号具有非线性非平稳的特点,提出将Hilbert-Huang变换用于船舶结构冲击响应信号处理.Hilbert-Huang变换是基于经验模态分解(EMD)和Hilbert谱的一种信号处理方法,用EMD分解把时间序列信号分解成不同特征时间尺度的固有模态函数(IMF),然后对IMF分量进行Hilbert变换,从本质上分析船舶结构冲击响应信号的组成成分及特点.与FFT变换和小波变换相比,Hilbert-Huang变换体现出自适应性和先进性,可以有效提取船舶冲击响应信号的时频特征,揭示船舶结构自身的动态特性对冲击响应的影响.     

Turbulence in coastal fronts near the mouths of Block Island and Long Island Sounds

Measurements of turbulence were performed in four frontal locations near the mouths of Block Island Sound (BIS) and Long Island Sound (LIS). These measurements extend from the offshore front associated with BIS and Mid-Atlantic Bight Shelf water, to the onshore fronts near the Montauk Point (MK) headland, and the Connecticut River plume front. The latter feature is closely associated with the major fresh water input to LIS. Turbulent kinetic energy (TKE) dissipation rate, ε, was obtained using shear probes mounted on an autonomous underwater vehicle. Offshore, the BIS estuarine outflow front showed, during spring season and ebb tide, maximum TKE dissipation rate, ε, estimates of order 10^− 5 W/kg, with background values of order 10^− 6 to 10^− 9 W/kg. Edwards et al. [Edwards, C.A., Fake, T.A., and Bogden, P.S., 2004a. Spring–summer frontogenesis at the mouth of Block Island Sound: 1. A numerical investigation into tidal and buoyancy-forced motion. Journal of Geophysical Research 109 (C12021), doi:10.1029/2003JC002132.] model this front as the boundary of a tidally driven, baroclinically adjusted BIS flow around the MK headland eddy. At the entrance to BIS, near MK, two additional fronts are observed, one of which was over sand waves. For the headland site front east of MK, without sand waves, during ebb tide, ε estimates of 10^− 5 to 10^− 6 W/kg were observed. The model shows that this front is at the northern end of an anti-cyclonic headland eddy, and within a region of strong tidal mixing. For the headland site front further northeast over sand waves, maximum ε estimates were of order 10^− 4 W/kg within a background of order 10^− 7–10^− 6 W/kg. From the model, this front is at the northeastern edge of the anti-cyclonic headland eddy and within the tidal mixing zone. For the Connecticut River plume front, a surface trapped plume, during ebb tide, maximum ε estimates of 10^− 5 W/kg were obtained, within a background of 10^− 6 to 10^− 8 W/kg. Of all four fronts, the river plume front has the largest finescale mean-square shear, S² ~ 0.15 s^− 2. All of the frontal locations had local values of the buoyancy Reynolds number indicating strong isotropic turbulence at the dissipation scales. Local values of the Froude number indicated shear instability in all of the fronts.     

基于混合学习算法的水下机器人神经网络辨识

借鉴Elman和Jordan神经网络的特点,构造了一种新的动态神经网络.该网络能对隐含层的历史进行状态记忆,实时调整过去的信号对现在值的影响,并且增加了输出层节点的反馈以增强神经网络的信号处理能力.将基于遗传算法(GA)和误差反传算法(BP)的混合学习算法用于神经网络权值的修改,既可提高收敛速度又能避免陷于局部极小值.最后,将改进的神经网络应用于水下机器人动力学模型辨识,仿真结果表明,基于混合学习算法的神经网络提高了学习的收敛速度和辨识精度.     

距离选通激光水下成像系统研究

通过阐述距离选通技术的基本原理,对距离选通激光水下成像系统的关键技术进行了分析。介绍几种典型的基于距离选通技术的水下成像系统,搭建有效的距离选通激光水下成像系统。展望距离选通激光水下成像系统的发展趋势。     

水下运载器运动速度对导弹出水姿态的影响研究

水下导弹发射受很多因素影响,发射深度,运载器运动速度都是很重要的因素。应用ANSYS/LS-DYNA对某型导弹建立数学模型。对其水下弹道进行了仿真计算,并重点分析计算了水下运载器运动速度对该导弹出水姿态角的影响。     

G98环岛高速公路大茅隧道改扩建总体方案

海南省G98环岛高速公路大茅隧道近年来交通拥堵状况越发凸显,交通事故发生率居高不下。本文从多个角度对现状大茅隧道存在的问题进行了调研,对规划三亚第二绕城高速公路与大茅隧道改扩建的关系进行了解读,并结合三亚市公路网规划和现场建设条件,对3个大茅隧道改扩建总体方案进行了比选论证,为高等级公路山岭隧道改扩建工程提供设计参考。     

旧路改扩建的几点关键问题

公路改扩建为城市道路必须保证新旧路基路面衔接紧密,使两者联结成一个整体,具有良好的整体稳定性。解决好新旧路基、路面的衔接问题,是旧路改扩建的关键问题。     

空心板桥新旧板间的新连接设计方法及应用

文章针对目前公路中空心板桥拓宽改造的新旧空心板横向间连接问题,提出一种新连接设计方法,并结合信阳市杜河桥施工实践,对成桥后的现场静载测试进行分析,结果表明此新连接设计取得了较好的实用效果,可为同类桥梁扩建工程提供参考。