基于双参数雨流法的地铁车辆转向架构架寿命评估

采用双参数雨流法对在线实测的地铁车辆转向架构架载荷时间历程进行计数统计,分离出完整的应力循环和半循环,表征了构架服役过程的随机载荷谱块。根据名义应力法理论及miner疲劳损伤累积理论,估算出了地铁车辆转向架构架的疲劳寿命。分析结果表明,测点处的寿命为13.4年左右。     

基于利益相关者理论的城市轨道交通项目需求分析

城市轨道交通项目的定位及其价值的实现,是建立在项目各方的利益需求得到平衡与满足的基础之上,因此全面识别与城市轨道交通项目紧密相关的单位或群体,并分析其各自的利益需求,对城市轨道交通项目的定位及其价值的实现显得至关重要。此文基于利益相关者理论,通过对城市轨道交通项目利益相关者的识别、核心相关者的确定及其利益需求分析,以期为城市轨道交通项目建设工作提供帮助。     

丹阳北二环大桥斜拉索施工技术

在丹阳北二环大桥斜拉索施工中,总结多座跨径小于150m的斜拉桥斜拉索施工技术,针对此前大型斜拉索施工技术进行了优化改进,特别是斜拉索的展索、挂索及张拉技术。     

紧邻既有线城际铁路路基稳定性计算与分析

紧邻既有线城际铁路建设,既需考虑既有线安全运行,又需保证新线按时保质施工。针对既有线路基边坡在新线建设开挖过程中的稳定性问题,模拟现场可能出现的不利工况,采用固结有效应力法等3种方法,计算施工开挖影响下既有线路基稳定性,采用数值分析法对其进行对比验证,并提出对地基处理方式与施工方法的修改建议,对现场施工具有一定的指导意义。     

列车集便污水好氧处理工艺试验研究

以某动车段化粪池实际出水为原水样本,采用SBR工艺重点对COD、氨氮的去除效率进行了研究,确定了列车集便污水活性污泥法好氧处理曝气时间、DO值、进水主要污染物指标浓度范围等参数。试验表明SBR工艺对列车集便污水化粪池出水中的COD仅有50%的去除效果,曝气时间超过8 h对COD去除效果的提高作用不大;集便污水NH3-N浓度在1 500 mg/L以上时,停留时间为24 h,曝气时间达到12 h,去除率可以达到70%左右;NH3-N浓度为500 mg/L时,曝气8 h,可达到80%的去除效果;SBR反应器对TP的去除率在10%～40%之间。当进水为吹脱稀释原水,COD浓度在1 000～1 500 mg/L,保持DO值在2～3 mg/L,反应周期8 h,能够达到SBR反应器的最佳运行工况,COD去除率可达80%。     

大跨度铁路桥梁梁端伸缩装置对列车走行性影响的研究

梁端伸缩装置是大跨度桥梁的重要组成部分,是容易受损的构件之一,对高速车辆的走行性影响较大。本文针对大跨度铁路桥梁梁端伸缩装置,建立结构动力分析的有限元模型,通过多工况车-桥(线)耦合振动计算,分析梁端伸缩装置自身变形、安装误差及梁端折角等因素对列车走行性的影响,提出车辆平稳性和乘客对车辆振动感觉的评判标准,并进一步基于车辆的平稳性和乘客对车辆振动的感觉确定车速及梁端竖向折角限值。研究表明,车辆响应对梁端竖向折角较为敏感。     

城市轨道交通车辆受电弓弓头安全宽度的计算

分析了城市轨道交通车辆在直线段和曲线段中受电弓弓头的偏移影响因素以及接触线的受风偏移现象.根据比较车辆处于直线段和曲线段时的受电弓与接触线之间相对距离来确定受电弓弓头宽度的合理安全宽度,并设计了“城市轨道交通车辆受电弓宽度参数计算软件”.     

阜六铁路淮河特大桥深水基础围堰方案选型

主要介绍淮河特大桥深水基础钢板桩围堰、钢套箱围堰、混凝土围堰施工方案的优化比选,通过方案优选,确定钢板桩围堰的施工工艺、施工方法及制作过程。     

T形沉井基础施工关键技术

沉井基础施工技术在道路交通、房屋建筑施工中经常被采用。但异形沉井基础并不多见,不仅开挖复杂,而且技术难度大。结合国道107线郑州段改建工程泵站施工中应用沉井基础施工技术的成功实践,介绍沉井基础的施工方法、施工工艺和所遇问题的处理方法,为类似工程施工提供有益借鉴。     

Surf-riding and oscillations of a ship in quartering waves

The behavior of a ship encountering large regular waves from astern at low frequency is the object of investigation, with a parallel study of surf-riding and periodic motion paterns. First, the theoretical analysis of surf-riding is extended from purely following to quartering seas. Steady-state continuation is used to identify all possible surf-riding states for one wavelength. Examination of stability indicates the existence of stable and unstable states and predicts a new type of oscillatory surf-riding. Global analysis is also applied to determine the areas of state space which lead to surf-riding for a given ship and wave conditions. In the case of overtaking waves, the large rudder-yaw-surge oscillations of the vessel are examined, showing the mechanism and conditions responsible for loss of controllability at certain vessel headings.List of symbols c wave celerity (m/s) - C(p) roll damping moment (Ntm) - g acceleration of gravity (m/s²) - GM metacentric height (m) - H wave height (m) - I _x ,I _z roll and yaw ship moments of inertia (kg m²) - k wave number (m^–1) - K _H ,K _W ,K _R hull reaction, wave, rudder, and propeller - K _p forces in the roll direction (Ntm) - m ship mass (kg) - n propeller rate of rotation (rpm) - N _H ,N _W ,N _R hull reaction, wave, rudder, and propeller - N _P moments in the yaw direction (Ntm) - p roll angular velocity (rad/s) - r rate-of-turn (rad/s) - R(,x) restoring moment (Ntm) - Res(u) ship resistance (Nt) - t time (s) - u surge velocity (m/s) - U vessel speed (m/s) - v sway velocity (m/s) - W ship weight (Nt) - x longitudinal position of the ship measured from the wave system (m) - x _G ,z _G longitudinal and vertical center of gravity (m) - x _S longitudinal position of a ship section (S), in the ship-fixed system (m) - X _H ,X _W ,X _R hull reaction, wave, rudder, and propeller - X _P forces in the surge direction (Nt) - y transverse position of the ship, measured from the wave system (m) - Y _H ,Y _W ,Y _R hull reaction, wave, rudder, and propeller - Y _p forces in the sway direction (Nt) - z _Y vertical position of the point of action of the lateral reaction force during turn (m) - z _W vertical position of the point of action of the lateral wave force (m) Greek symbols angle of drift (rad) - rudder angle (rad) - wavelength (m) - position of the ship in the earth-fixed system (m) - water density (kg/m³) - angle of heel (rad) - heading angle (rad) - _e frequency of encounter (rad/s) Hydrodynamic coefficients K roll added mass - N _v ,N _r yaw acceleration coefficients - N _v N _r N _rr N _rrv ,N _vvr yaw velocity coefficients K. Spyrou: Ship behavior in quartering waves - X _u surge acceleration coefficient - X _u X _vr surge velocity coefficients - Y _v ,Y _r sway acceleration coefficients - Y _v ,Y _r ,Y _vv ,Y _rr ,Y _vr sway velocity coefficients European Union-nominated Fellow of the Science and Technology Agency of Japan, Visiting Researcher, National Research Institute of Fisheries Engineering of Japan