Optimal joint distance and time toll for cordon-based congestion pricing

This paper addresses the optimal toll design problem for the cordon-based congestion pricing scheme, where both a time-toll and a nonlinear distance-toll (i.e., joint distance and time toll) are levied for each network user’s trip in a pricing cordon. The users’ route choice behaviour is assumed to follow the Logit-based stochastic user equilibrium (SUE). We first propose a link-based convex programming model for the Logit-based SUE problem with a joint distance and time toll pattern. A mathematical program with equilibrium constraints (MPEC) is developed to formulate the optimal joint distance and time toll design problem. The developed MPEC model is equivalently transformed into a semi-infinite programming (SIP) model. A global optimization method named Incremental Constraint Method (ICM) is designed for solving the SIP model. Finally, two numerical examples are used to assess the proposed methodology.     

The effects of planned and unplanned transfers on public transport users' perception of transfer routes

Many authorities are investing in new infrastructure to improve the quality of public transport (PT) services in the hope to increase mode switch from cars. The goal is to provide users with an integrated multimodal PT network by facilitating transfers. There exists a lack in the clarity of the attributes which defines a planned transfer and the effects of planned transfers on users' willingness to use routes with transfers. The present study provides approximate effects of ‘planned’ and ‘unplanned’ transfers on PT users' decisions to use transfer routes. The study focuses on two attributes of ‘planned’ transfers, integrated physical connection of transfers and information integration. A user preference survey was undertaken in Auckland, New Zealand. Analysis of the results shows that physical integration is more important than information integration for current PT users. Results also suggest that information integration has a greater influence on users of transfer services which are more closely aligned to being ‘unplanned’.     

Subjective-utility travel time budget modeling in the stochastic traffic network assignment

ABSTRACT

In this article, we propose a new model called subjective-utility travel time budget (SU-TTB) model to capture travelers' risk-averse route choices. In the travel time budget (TTB) and mean-excess travel time (METT) model, a predefined confidence level is needed to capture the risk-aversion in route choice. Due to the day-to-day route travel time variations, the exact confidence level is hard to be predicted. With the SU-TTB model, we assume travelers' confidence level belongs to an interval that they may comply with in the route choice. The two main components of SU-TTB are the utility function and the TTB model. We can show that the SU-TTB can be reduced to the TTB and METT model with proper utility function for the confidence levels. We can also prove its equivalence with our recently proposed nonlinear-expectation route travel time (NERTT) model in some cases and give some new interpretation on the NERTT with this equivalence. Finally, we formulate the SU-TTB model as a variational inequality (VI) problem to model the risk-averse user equilibrium (RAUE), termed as generalized RAUE (GRAUE). The GRAUE is solved via a heuristic gradient projection algorithm, and the model and solution algorithm are demonstrated with the Braess's traffic network and the Nguyen and Dupuis's traffic network.     

Identity-based broadcast encryption with shorter transmissions

This paper describes two identity-based broadcast encryption(IBBE) schemes for mobile ad hoc networks.The first scheme proposed achieves sub-linear size cipertexts and the second scheme achieves O(1)-size ciphertexts.Furthermore, when the public keys are transmitted, the two schemes have short transmissions and achieve O(1) user storage cost, which are important for a mobile ad hoc network.Finally, the proposed schemes are provable security under the decision generalized bilinear Di?-Hellman(GBDH) assumption in the random oracles model.     

城市轨道交通客运服务标准编制研究

城市轨道交通客运服务标准应主要针对乘客的需求而制定,是当前需要优先制定的服务业标准之一。通过对城市轨道交通客运服务及特性进行分析,结合国际相关服务标准以及我国现行的服务标准及标准化模式,提出了“以人为本”、系统性和与国际接轨的标准编制原则。乘客乘车是一个按时间顺序的活动过程,沿乘客乘车时间次序展开服务次序,是标准编制的重要技术方法。确定城市轨道交通客运服务内容是城市轨道交通客运服务标准编制的一项主要任务。在借鉴国外先进服务标准理念的基础上,通过轨道交通客运服务质量和从乘客实际需求出发来规范服务内容。最后,对乘客相应权益的规定做了说明。     

公路生态系统服务功能分析及评估

文章探讨了公路生态系统的生态服务功能,提出价值评估指标体系及定量评估方法,为公路生态系统的恢复或重建提供理论依据,对全面、正确评价公路生态系统有积极意义。     

粤港澳航运服务合作机制研究综述

港澳是广东经济发展最重要的外部推动力,是"经济转型"举足轻重的合作伙伴,进一步深化粤港澳各领域合作,是全面深化推进改革的重要举措.基于粤港澳区域经济一体化发展为背景,以航运服务合作为出发点,对国内外关于粤港澳航运服务理论研究的相关文献进行了梳理,归纳粤港澳现代航运服务的发展特点、发展规律、发展现状,总结了粤港澳航运服务存在的问题,针对我国目前在粤港澳航运服务合作机制方面研究空白,提出了今后的研究方向和重点:合作方法和模式研究、合作政策衔接研究、合作策略和措施研究.     

公共自行车近期文献综述

提供公共自行车服务的城市数量快速发展,从20世纪90年代末屈指可数发展到如今超过800个。通过综述近期公共自行车文献,总结公共自行车研究领域的若干议题。便捷性是出行者使用公共自行车的主要动机。省钱是促使低收入群体使用的原因,与停放站间距离是预测会员数量的重要指标。在一些国家,只有不到半数会员每月使用率少于一次。男性使用率高于女性,但性别失衡情况并未如私人自行车那样显著(至少在自行车使用率低的国家)。年会员最普遍的出行目的是通勤。与私人自行车使用者相比,公共自行车使用者不常佩戴头盔,但在法律强制佩戴头盔的国家,其使用水平则受到影响。公共自行车使用者相比私人自行车使用者不易受伤。未来发展方向包括电动自行车集成、GPS全球定位系统、无停放站系统和改进的公共交通一体化。指出应开展更多研究量化公共自行车在出行方式选择、尾气排放、拥堵和健康方面的影响。     

基于Android系统的列车移动信息服务平台设计与订餐系统的实现

我国铁路经过6次大提速后,硬件设施水平得到了大幅提升,但与之配套的旅客信息服务体系却相对滞后。目前绝大多数铁路列车上的媒体终端是单向播发系统,研发适合铁路列车的车载移动信息服务平台已迫在眉睫。本文针对铁路旅客信息服务需求,运用系统分析法和功能分析法研发设计了集管理、服务、监控、娱乐四大功能于一体的列车车载移动信息服务平台,该平台的应用功能主要包括列车点餐、视频点播、音乐点播、电子书、新闻发布、广告发布、列车时刻表、整晚点信息发布、游戏、监控等。在车载信息服务平台的基础上,选择平台应用案例中点餐功能进行研究和开发,运用个案研究法实现了基于Android的列车订餐系统。     

新型沙漏式FPSO的浮体外形参数对水动力性能的影响

为了解决传统船型和已有圆柱筒状FPSO的性能局限,论文提出了一种具有沙漏型浮式主体的新概念FPSO。根据所研发的新型沙漏式浮体模型,确定了能够反映浮体几何形状、FPSO基本功能和水动力性能的5个相互独立的外形参数。然后,采用基于频域势流理论的边界元数值模拟方法研究了新型沙漏式浮体在波浪中的运动响应,并且定性分析了不同浮体外形参数(下倾角、水线面半径等)对浮体水动力性能的影响,得到一些有意义的结论,以期能够为新型沙漏式FPSO的主浮体外形设计提供参考依据和准则。