山区430m上承式钢管混凝土拱桥拱肋混凝土灌筑施工技术

结合支井河特大桥钢管拱肋混凝土灌筑施工实例,详细介绍了山区“V”形峡谷条件下拱桥拱肋混凝土灌筑方案、技术难点及对策、施工工艺、质量标准及检测等,可为相同条件桥梁施工提供借鉴。     

One-dimensional modelling of the plankton ecosystem of the north-western Corsican coastal area in relation to meteorological constraints

In order to study the influence of wind mixing on the spring variability of the plankton production of the north western Corsican coastal area, a one-dimensional (1D), vertical, coupled hydrodynamic/biological model (ECOHYDROMV) is used. A hydrodynamic 1D model of the water column with a k–l turbulent closure is applied. The biological model comprises six state variables, representing the plankton ecosystem in the spring period: phytoplankton, copepods, nitrate, ammonium, particulate organic matter of phytoplanktonic origin and particulate organic matter of zooplanktonic origin. The system is influenced by turbulence (expressed by the vertical eddy diffusivity), temperature and irradiance. The model takes into account momentum and heat surface fluxes computed from meteorological data in order to simulate a typical spring atmospheric forcing for the considered area. Results show that primary production vertical structure is characterised by a subsurface maximum which deepens with time and is regulated by the opposite gradients of nitrate concentration and irradiance. Surface plankton productivity is mainly controlled by turbulent vertical transport of nutrients into the mixed layer. The short time scale variability of turbulent mixing generated by the wind appears to be responsible for the plurimodal shape of plankton blooms, observed in the considered area. Furthermore, the model is applied to the study of the spring evolution of the plankton communities off the bay of Calvi (Corsica) for the years 1986 and 1988. In order to initiate and validate the model, time series of hydrological, chemical and biological data have been used. The model reproduces accurately the spring evolution of the phytoplankton biomass measured in situ and illustrates that its strong variability in those years was in close relation to the variability of the wind intensity.     

高低不平顺条件下高速铁路桥-隧过渡段路基的动力特性

基于D'Alembert原理的能量弱变分和整体Lagrange格式,建立了无碴轨道桥-隧过渡段半无限三维空间动力有限元计算模型,结合高速车辆振动的几何不平顺条件,采用一与不平顺管理标准相应的激振力来模拟列车高速移动的竖向动荷载.通过数值分析,研究了高速移动荷载和不平顺条件下桥-隧过渡段路基的动态响应,揭示了几何竖向上"凸"或下"凹"不平顺等因素对其路基变形、动应力及加速度的影响规律,并与部分实测资料进行了对比,证实了计算模型的正确性.合理选择"超高"填筑过渡段,能减小过渡段路基动态响应,其研究结果为高速铁路过渡段的设计与施工提供了重要基础.     

Lateral load transfer and normal forces estimation for vehicle safety: experimental test

Knowledge of vehicle dynamics data is important for vehicle control systems that aim to enhance vehicle handling and passenger safety. This study introduces observers that estimate lateral load transfer and wheel–ground contact normal forces, commonly known as vertical forces. The proposed method is based on the dynamic response of a vehicle instrumented with cheap and currently available standard sensors. The estimation process is separated into three blocks: the first block serves to identify the vehicle’s mass, the second block contains a linear observer whose main role is to estimate the roll angle and the one-side lateral transfer load, while in the third block we compare linear and nonlinear models for the estimation of four wheel vertical forces. The different observers are based on a prediction/estimation filter. The performance of this concept is tested and compared with real experimental data acquired using the INRETS-MA (Institut National de Recherche sur les Transports et leur Sécurité – Département Mécanismes d’Accidents) Laboratory car. Experimental results demonstrate the ability of this approach to provide accurate estimation, thus showing its potential as a practical low-cost solution for calculating normal forces.     

斜向水泥土桩加固路基室内模型试验研究

通过室内模型试验研究斜向水泥土桩加固技术的工作机理是一种比较有效的方法,在国内尚无先例。此次模型试验设计,主要考虑在线路荷载作用下路基本体的沉降变形相似和桩体材料的刚度相似两个方面出发,共设计了8组模型试验,通过模型试验研究了路基顶面沉降变化规律、路基边坡位移变形规律、路基土体内部竖向应力分布规律及水泥土桩体受力变形特征,得到了一系列有价值的结论。     

某重型越野汽车越障越壕能力分析

本文通过力学模型简化分解了汽车越障越壕的过程,以每个过程建立力学平衡方程进行了分析,计算出车辆的越障越壕能力。     

内河架空直立式集装箱码头结构计算模型探讨

利用有限元法对内河架空直立式集装箱码头结构进行了计算分析,采用有限元法建立了3种不同的有限元模型(平面刚架模型、不考虑面板刚度的空间刚架模型、考虑面板刚度的空间刚架模型),分别对内河架空直立式集装箱码头结构进行了静力计算和比较分析。分析表明,考虑面板刚度的空间刚架模型是适合内河大水位差架空直立式码头结构的计算模型。     

制造加长铣头提升镗铣床加工能力

结合生产实际，针对细长舵孔键槽加工问题，文章介绍了落地镗铣床加长立铣头设计制造过程，并试验成功。     

竖向荷载作用下超长桩桩身压缩数值模拟研究

通过数值模拟分析得出桩身压缩综合系数,对系数随竖向荷载作用、长径比、桩侧土弹性模量等参数的变化进行研究。研究表明,随着荷载增大,桩身压缩综合系数呈线性减小,其随长径比增加而降低。随着桩周上部土体弹性模量增大,桩身压缩综合系数呈减小趋势;随桩周底部土体弹性模量增加,桩身压缩综合系数先减少后增大。将数值模拟计算和规范公式计算得到的桩身压缩量与实测值相比较,数值模拟计算值与实测值更接近,说明使用数值模拟方法计算的桩身压缩量在规范容许范围内,可为桩身压缩量的预测和计算提供参考。     

门楼式主副塔混凝土横向连接关键受力性能分析与优化

悬索桥牌坊门楼式索塔的主副塔连接横梁通常不作为主受力构件,但是施工方法的不同会导致主副塔之间由于竖向力差异引起相对位移,并且随着徐变和温度长期荷载作用下连接横梁会出现开裂等问题。而这一问题在设计上往往被忽视。综合分析上下连接横梁的受力性能,并结合不同的施工方案,评价连接时机对其受力性能的影响及对桥塔横向稳定性的影响。通过空间杆系有限元模型和三维实体模型作为主要分析手段,分析不同荷载对连接横梁受力性能的影响,包括横梁应力、裂缝及施工过程中的稳定性,并对连接横梁的构造尺寸进行优化分析,为同类设计提供参考。