机车曲线通过模拟试验台设计及其应用

介绍了一种结构简单的机车曲线通过模拟试验台。主要从工作原理、组成结构以及应用等几个方面进行分析,以达到检验机车曲线通过能力的要求。     

自平衡测试桩基础承载力技术与应用

近年来,大型土木工程建设越来越多,其基础工程中的桩基础的应用也越来越广泛。如何正确地、科学地评价单桩、群桩的承载力,为设计、施工提供可靠的参数,是安全与经济地发挥桩的功能的关键所在。     

汽车淋雨试验室设计

汽车淋雨试验室主要用来模拟自然降雨环境,用于测试汽车的防雨密封性能,是产品开发及新车下线必不可少的检测手段。文章通过某淋雨试验室建设项目,总结了淋雨试验室设计技术方案的确定过程。淋雨试验室的建成,有效填补了某公司产品开发中心试验试制部的试验能力空白,对整车密封性检测工作提供了切实有效的试验依据,也对其他汽车淋雨试验室的设计提供了借鉴。     

Virtual test rig to improve the design and optimisation process of the vehicle steering and suspension systems

A virtual test rig is presented using a three-dimensional model of the elasto-kinematic behaviour of a vehicle. A general approach is put forward to determine the three-dimensional position of the body and the main parameters which influence the handling of the vehicle. For the design process, the variable input data are the longitudinal and lateral acceleration and the curve radius, which are defined by the user as a design goal. For the optimisation process, once the vehicle has been built, the variable input data are the travel of the four struts and the steering wheel angle, which is obtained through monitoring the vehicle. The virtual test rig has been applied to a standard vehicle and the validity of the results has been proven.     

双悬臂梁桥试验检测及安全技术评价

双悬臂梁桥为我国在上世纪60年代至90年代期间为解决桥梁跨度不足而使用的一种结构。结构主要以锚固孔和挂梁孔组成。该种桥梁的病害主要体现在牛腿的受力薄弱位置的抗剪能力不足。该文对位于吉林省延边州G302国道上的嘎呀河大桥的试验检测过程作了介绍,以期为今后此类桥梁评定作为借鉴。     

地铁转向架构架动应力测试滤波频率的确定

文章结合上海地铁某转向架线路试验动应力测试结果,分析了典型信号的频率特性,对转向架动应力数据采用不同频率滤波,对滤波后的信号数据进行了比较,并结合采样定理提出了适用于地铁转向架荷载测试的滤波和采样频率。     

How well a single-track linear model captures the lateral dynamics of long combination vehicles

ABSTRACT

The effect of centre-of-gravity heights on the high-speed performance measures of long combination vehicles including truck with double centre-axle trailers, Nordic, and A-double combination vehicles is investigated. The high fidelity three-dimensional models, used in this research, are validated against physical test data. These models are often accurate in terms of the actual dynamic behaviours of the vehicle. On the other hand, the simple yaw-plane single-track models with linear tires require less number of vehicle parameters. In this paper, it is investigated how accurate the estimations of performance measures are at high forward speeds by such single-track linear (STL) models. The influence of load height is especially studied. The high-speed performance-based standard or PBS measures considered are rearward amplifications of both lateral acceleration and yaw velocity; lateral load transfer; yaw damping and high-speed transient offtracking. The results show that tire relaxation has a large effect and it is rather easy to add to an STL model, so it is assumed to be modelled in STL. With realistically high payload and a required accuracy of PBS measures of approximately 10%, only the accuracy of rearward amplification of yaw velocity calculated by the frequency response is fulfilled by the STL. With low payload, the same statement is valid, but with around 5% in required accuracy. The roll dynamics effects are more important than the tire non-linearities.     

不同渗透系数地层中泥浆渗透成膜试验研究

为了改善泥浆在高渗透性地层中难以成膜的问题,给泥水盾构工程中泥浆的配制提供参考,针对膨润土泥浆在砂土地层中渗透成膜的过程,以某高铁隧道砂卵石地层中泥水盾构施工为背景,开展了泥浆在不同渗透系数地层中的成膜试验。试验采用自行设计的内径为300 mm的泥浆渗透装置,利用分级加压的方式使泥浆压力转化为地层的有效支护压力,分析了地层渗透系数、泥皮厚度、泥浆滤失量三者的关系以及成膜的判断方法。研究结果表明:泥皮厚度随着地层渗透系数的变大表现为先增大后减小,而泥浆滤失量随之不断增大,在泥皮厚度增大阶段厚度与滤失量成正相关,在泥皮厚度减小阶段厚度与滤失量成负相关,泥皮厚度最大值点是泥浆渗透有效成膜的转折点;过泥皮厚度最大值点的k线可为泥浆适应性判断提供参考,k线左侧是泥浆渗透成膜的稳定区域,而在k线右侧区域,泥浆颗粒的消耗量与滞留量呈负相关,泥浆的适应性较差;采用D₁₅/d₈₅的值能大致地划分泥浆的渗透成膜类型,D₁₅/d₈₅在10附近是成膜是否有效的过渡区,该区域对应k线右侧临近区域,泥浆渗透可以形成泥皮,但稳定性较差,故泥皮不能作为有效泥膜形成的标志;增大泥浆中颗粒的粒径能提高泥浆的成膜能力,使泥浆k线向右移动,能有效解决泥浆在高渗透性地层中成膜难的问题。     

多用途乘用车侧翻稳定性能动态测试方法研究

对比分析了国内外车辆侧翻稳定性相关的标准法规的基本情况。研究了车辆发生侧翻的类型和机理,基于侧向加速度判断车辆侧翻状态的方法,通过整车道路试验对比了正弦停滞试验和鱼钩试验诱导车辆发生侧翻的效果,初步探讨了多用途乘用车侧翻稳定性动态测试方法和评价指标,为国内车辆侧翻稳定系统的开发和测评标准的制定提供了参考。     

非爆破方法在新紫阳隧道施工中的应用

结合非爆破方法在新紫阳隧道的应用实例,详细介绍了液压锤、达尔达和静态破碎剂三种非爆破方法技术参数的选取,以及隧道施工过程中具体的开挖方案。