螺旋桨非空泡噪声数值计算方法研究

通过合理的区域划分,分别建立螺旋桨流场计算域与声学计算域,通过大涡模拟求解螺旋桨流场压力信息。利用Light-Hill声类比理论对流场压力进行变换,得到螺旋桨旋转域的面声源与体声源,由此计算整个研究域的噪声分布情况,并对螺旋桨非空泡噪声的指向性进行分析。利用试验值对计算精度进行验证,计算值与试验值对比结果表明,计算方法对螺旋桨非空泡噪声具有较高的预报精度。     

流场中变截面加筋柱壳结构声振特性分析

基于传递矩阵法给出了流场中变截面加筋柱壳结构在受集中力和声压作用下振动与声辐射的求解过程,并在确定模态截断算法有效性的基础上开展对结构振动特性的研究,分析了环板-圆柱壳加筋柱壳结构的损耗因子、流体介质、壳体厚度、环肋数目对其声振特性的影响.结果表明,流体介质的存在使结构振动减小,辐射声压增加;损耗因子增加,振动和辐射声压在中高频段降低;壳体厚度增大,壳体的振动响应减小,低频段辐射声压降低,高频段辐射声压交叉波动;环肋数目增加,结构振动减小,在中高频段,辐射声压降低.     

砂石桩非连续屏障隔振试验研究

针对强夯施工产生的强烈地面振动会对周围人和环境产生不利影响、采用连续屏障隔振成本较高的问题,进行强夯振动试验和砂石桩隔振试验研究。对比研究不同砂石桩材料、桩距的试验方法,得到不同材料、桩距砂石桩的隔振效果差异,得出"砂石桩屏障对强夯具有较好的隔振效果,且隔振效果随砂石桩间距变小而增强"的结论。     

正则化技术在状态空间载荷识别中的应用

  目的  船舶减振技术经过几十年的发展,降低艉部激励引起的桨—轴—船体振动辐射噪声成为我国现阶段船舶声隐身的紧迫任务。  方法  针对船舶艉部激励耦合振动噪声问题,从船舶螺旋桨激励力特性、桨—轴—船体耦合振动噪声特性及其控制方法3个方面对当前研究进展与发展趋势进行综述,  结果  得到了船舶艉部激励与桨—轴—船体系统振动噪声的映射关系,并提出了针对低频振动噪声的控制方法。  结论  在此基础上对在螺旋桨非定常力测试、艉轴承摩擦诱导振动机理和桨—轴系统横向振动控制等方面提出进一步开展研究的建议。     

沿程磁处理管道输油实验研究

南海原油密度大、含蜡量高,对南海原油采用沿程磁处理,可降低聚集度,从而达到降黏输送的作用.为进一步研究磁处理对油品有降黏效果,使用仿真软件模拟磁铁摆放得到磁感应强度分布,再通过搭建沿程磁处理输油实验管道,以南海原油为介质进行实验研究.将有无磁处理的压力数据进行对比,并结合使用流变仪测定的油品黏度变化,综合分析得出使用2...     

基于湿度应力场理论的膨胀土边坡稳定分析

边坡土体中的膨胀力是导致膨胀土边坡失稳的主要原因之一。文章基于湿度应力场理论,采用ANSYS软件的热传导分析功能模拟分析边坡的降雨入渗以及膨胀变形,并采用有限元强度折减法对不同条件下边坡安全系数进行计算,分析了膨胀土边坡稳定规律,为膨胀土边坡处治提供理论依据。     

基于层次分析法的交通运输节能减排示范项目绩效评价研究

交通运输是国家节能减排工作的重点领域,为促进交通运输节能减排技术发展,开展交通运输节能减排示范项目是政府部门一项重要的政策措施。对示范项目进行绩效评价工作能衡量财政资金投入政策实施效果,也是交通运输主管部门非常关注的问题。在交通运输节能减排示范项目绩效评价的逻辑框架下,运用层次分析法建立交通运输节能减排示范项目绩效评价指标体系及权重值,具有较好的实操性,能为开展同类型项目的绩效评价工作提供参考。     

基于Midas Civil的简易车桥耦合振动分析

文章以某40m预应力混凝土简支T梁为例,利用单轴车桥耦合振动数值模型及基于MidasCivil的简易车桥耦合振动模型对移动车辆荷载作用下的T梁结构动力响应情况进行计算分析。结果表明,基于MidasCivil的简易车桥耦合振动模型与数值模型的结构挠度峰值计算结果相差不大,可用于简单的车桥耦合振动分析。     

Optimal bus fleet management strategy for emissions reduction

Transportation is a major cause for environmental degradation via exhaust emissions. For many transit-oriented metropolitan areas, bus trips often constitute a sizeable mode share. Managing the bus fleet, in particular updating buses to comply with the newer emissions standards, therefore, can have a substantial impact on transportation-induced air quality. This paper presents the approach of remaining life additional benefit–cost (RLABC) analysis for maximising the total net benefit by either early-retiring or retrofitting the current bus fleet within their lifespans. By referring to the net benefits for different bus types estimated by RLABC analysis, the most beneficial management scheme for the current bus fleet can be identified. Optimal bus fleet management (BFM) models based on the RLABC analysis for the operator and the government are developed. Then a government subsidy plan is produced to achieve win–win solutions, which will offer efficient and flexible management schemes. To illustrate the approach, the largest bus company in Hong Kong, which carries more than 23% of the total trips in Hong Kong, is taken as a case study example. Instead of adopting a fixed retirement plan, such as replacing buses at the age of 17 as is currently practised, the proposed method develops an optimal BFM scheme that progressively phases out buses or retrofits them. This study produces promising results to demonstrate the large benefit of this approach for optimal bus fleet management.     

Historic vehicles: an overview from a transport policy perspective

Historic vehicles (HVs) are the heritage of road transport that have surprisingly received little attention in the academic literature. This study presents an overview of the literature on HVs, focusing on the three topics that dominate the policy debate on transport: environmental, safety and congestion impacts. We observed that polluting emissions of HVs are per kilometre much higher (often a factor 5 or more) than those of moderns vehicles. The annual average mileage per vehicle per year of HVs is much lower than other vehicles. The lower active and passive safety levels of HVs are compensated by the way these vehicles are driven, resulting in the risk factors per kilometre being roughly equal or lower than other vehicles. The contribution of HVs to congestion is negligible. However, the transport policy discourse is divided on the topic of HVs. More comprehensive and effective laws and regulation are needed to protect this aspect of the heritage of road transport whilst concurrently avoiding or limiting the problems caused by them.