宿淮铁路(江苏段)桥梁设计技术创新

介绍宿淮铁路2座特大桥结构体系设计创新特点。理论计算分析表明:采用主跨132 m连续梁-拱组合体系单线桥可有效降低梁高,节省造价,施工和运营状态下,结构的强度、刚度、横向稳定、行车舒适度性等指标均满足规范要求;主跨108 m连续梁采用双向减隔震体系后,正常使用状态及多遇地震下结构正常工作。当设计地震及罕遇地震发生时,减隔震体系显著降低地震反应,避免了重要部位破坏,保证了桥梁结构的安全性,具有明显的经济效果。     

城市轨道交通轨道减振升级改造方法研究

中国早期建设的城市轨道交通线路,限于当时认知和技术水平等历史条件,在技术规范、评价预测和技术措施等方面均存在一定不足,投入运营后部分地段存在振动噪声扰民问题.为了彻底解决上述问题,针对既有运营线路的环境敏感地段,开展道床减振升级改造工作既是必要的,也是迫切的任务.从三方面入手进行了相关研究,设计方面进行了隧道内道床减振...     

船闸平板输水阀门动力优化及流激振动特性分析*

针对船闸大尺寸平板输水阀门的流激振动问题,应用模态试验与有限元数值模拟相结合的分析方法研究阀门的 自振特性,指导阀门结构动力优化设计,通过水弹性模型试验研究阀门的流激振动特性。研究表明：阀门自振频率的试验 值和计算值吻合较好,振型完全一致;结构优化后基频显著提高,已完全脱离了水流脉动的高能区,流激振动响应较小, 不至于产生危害。     

地铁车站结构随机振动响应分析

基于地震反应的随机非确定性,运用基于概率统计方法的随机振动理论进行结构抗震分析,考察结构的动力可靠度,是一种合理的设计方法。运用虚拟激励法对青岛地铁五四广场站进行随机振动分析,避免了传统方法计算的冗繁,得到了具有统计意义的结构动力响应。考虑x向功率谱输入时,弯矩分布较为均匀;地铁结构体型变化较大的部位剪力明显增大;柱底剪力较小,边跨柱剪力小于中跨柱底剪力。考虑y向功率谱函数输入时,沿梁轴向剪力值逐渐增大,柱底剪力明显大于x向输入时的柱底剪力,边跨柱柱底剪力大于中跨柱底剪力。所得结论为地铁站这一复杂结构形式进行基于可靠度理论的设计提供了依据,可以作为同类设计的参考指导。     

设备振动荷载对转运站结构设计的影响

港口工程中的转运站内设置有各种工艺设备,这些工艺设备荷载较大,设备运行所产生的振动荷载会对结构产 生较大的影响。若结构整体布置、构件断面设计不合理,将会影响结构的使用性能,甚至会对结构安全造成影响。设备振 动荷载对结构设计的影响分为3部分：对荷载取值的影响、对构件设计的影响、对结构整体设计的影响。转运站的振动控制 应主要控制水平振动位移。提出转运站考虑设备振动荷载影响的设计原则与计算方法,并针对减小设备振动对结构受力、 使用性能的影响提出建议。     

柔性隔振系统功率流传递特性研究

由于基础和隔振器存在着动力耦合,经典隔振理论的局限性日益突出,从而出现了将基础简化为欧拉梁、柔性板、圆柱壳等。本文将基础简化为两端固支弹性梁,运用四端参数法推导了单层柔性隔振系统传递功率流,并运用电力类比法对推导结果进行了验证。通过数值仿真,分析了偏心激励对功率流传递特性的影响,并将功率流与振级落差频谱曲线进行了比较。结果表明：偏心激励会激发系统的高阶模态,基础的刚性会影响振级落差对功率流的估计。     

Fault-tolerant control of heavy-haul trains

The fault-tolerant control (FTC) of heavy-haul trains is discussed on the basis of the speed regulation proposed in previous works. The fault modes of trains are assumed and the corresponding fault detection and isolation (FDI) are studied. The FDI of sensor faults is based on a geometric approach for residual generators. The FDI of a braking system is based on the observation of the steady-state speed. From the difference of the steady-state speeds between the fault system and the faultless system, one can get fault information. Simulation tests were conducted on the suitability of the FDIs and the redesigned speed regulators. It is shown that the proposed FTC does not explicitly worsen the performance of the speed regulator in the case of a faultless system, while it obviously improves the performance of the speed regulator in the case of a faulty system.     

Influence of some vehicle and track parameters on the environmental vibrations induced by railway traffic

A study is performed on the influence of some typical railway vehicle and track parameters on the level of ground vibrations induced in the neighbourhood. The results are obtained from a previously validated simulation framework considering in a first step the vehicle/track subsystem and, in a second step, the response of the soil to the forces resulting from the first analysis. The vehicle is reduced to a simple vertical 3-dof model, corresponding to the superposition of the wheelset, the bogie and the car body. The rail is modelled as a succession of beam elements elastically supported by the sleepers, lying themselves on a flexible foundation representing the ballast and the subgrade. The connection between the wheels and the rails is realised through a non-linear Hertzian contact. The soil motion is obtained from a finite/infinite element model. The investigated vehicle parameters are its type (urban, high speed, freight, etc.) and its speed. For the track, the rail flexural stiffness, the railpad stiffness, the spacing between sleepers and the rail and sleeper masses are considered. In all cases, the parameter value range is defined from a bibliographic browsing. At the end, the paper proposes a table summarising the influence of each studied parameter on three indicators: the vehicle acceleration, the rail velocity and the soil velocity. It namely turns out that the vehicle has a serious influence on the vibration level and should be considered in prediction models.     

Investigating the influence of soil properties on railway traffic vibration using a numerical model

This paper presents the influence of dynamic and geometrical soil parameters on the propagation of ground vibrations induced by external loads. The proposed approach is based on a three-dimensional model, focusing on realistic excitation sources like impulse loads and moving railway vehicles. For the latter, a complete vehicle/track model is developed. The simulation is performed in time domain, offering an interesting approach, compared with classic cyclic analyses. The ground is modelled initially as an elastic homogeneous half-space and additionally as a layered half-space. First, the effect of homogeneous soil properties on ground vibration is analysed. Soil stratification is then taken into account, using various configurations. Analysis reveals that as receiver distance increases ground wave reflection in a layered ground plays an important role in the reduction of ground surface motion. This effect is magnified when the phase velocity wavelength becomes large compared with the depth of the surface layer.     

A novel fuzzy logic correctional algorithm for traction control systems on uneven low-friction road conditions

The traction control system (TCS) might prevent excessive skid of the driving wheels so as to enhance the driving performance and direction stability of the vehicle. But if driven on an uneven low-friction road, the vehicle body often vibrates severely due to the drastic fluctuations of driving wheels, and then the vehicle comfort might be reduced greatly. The vibrations could be hardly removed with traditional drive-slip control logic of the TCS. In this paper, a novel fuzzy logic controller has been brought forward, in which the vibration signals of the driving wheels are adopted as new controlled variables, and then the engine torque and the active brake pressure might be coordinately re-adjusted besides the basic logic of a traditional TCS. In the proposed controller, an adjustable engine torque and pressure compensation loop are adopted to constrain the drastic vehicle vibration. Thus, the wheel driving slips and the vibration degrees might be adjusted synchronously and effectively. The simulation results and the real vehicle tests validated that the proposed algorithm is effective and adaptable for a complicated uneven low-friction road.