高速铁路道岔尖轨不足位移控制方法

为模拟运营条件下高速铁路道岔转辙器的转换过程,根据高速铁路道岔转辙器的转换特点,在道岔生产车间内建立了客专线18号道岔转辙器转换原型试验平台,采用轴销式称重传感器测量转辙器扳动力,以直、曲尖轨支距实际值与理论值之差为尖轨不足位移;通过转辙器转换试验探索了尖轨预弯、尖轨可动段长度、尖轨固定端扣件支距、滑床板摩擦因数、辊轮高度等因素对尖轨不足位移的影响机制和特征。试验结果表明：现有设计尖轨预弯可使尖轨不足位移下降30%以上;缩短尖轨可动段长度可减小尖轨不足位移,但同时会减小转辙器最小轮缘槽宽,并增大第3牵引点扳动力,尖轨最小轮缘槽宽和最后一个牵引点扳动力是缩短尖轨可动段长度的控制因素;小范围调整固定端所有扣件支距后,尖轨不足位移变化较小,仅减小固定端第1组扣件支距时,尖轨靠近固定端1.2 m范围内不足位移略有降低,其余部分不足位移变化较小;在滑床板上安装辊轮或涂覆润滑剂等减小尖轨与滑床板摩擦因数的措施可有效降低尖轨扳动力和不足位移,实施减摩措施后,扳动力减幅约为30%,不足位移减幅超过20%;改变辊轮高度对尖轨不足位移的影响并不明显,但辊轮高度不宜过低,以防转换过程中辊轮失效导致扳动力和不足位移激增。研究结果可为高速铁路道岔转辙器结构优化和新一代400 km·h^-1高速铁路道岔的研发提供参考。     

基于RFCS的城轨列车无线视频监控统切换机制

针对城轨列车跨越多个无线接入点AP高速运行时存在切换延迟的问题,在对城轨列车无线视频监控系统研究的基础上,提出一种RFCS（RF channel switched）机制,在这种机制下,无线接入点AP按照预定的顺序周期性的改变RF信道来防止相邻AP信道的重叠,从而减小了切换延迟,增大了网络吞吐量,最终实现无缝切换.并用NS2仿真软件对该方案进行仿真,与传统的切换过程相比,该方案明显减小了切换时延,保证了城轨列车无线视频监控系统的实时性.     

基于二次反馈的两级交换结构

为缓解FTSA(feedback-based two-stage switch architecture)对调度算法执行时间的限制,提出了一种基于二次反馈的两级交换结构DFTS(double-feedback-based two-stage switch architecture).该结构通过二次反馈和接力调度模式,以多反馈一次N位缓存信息的代价拓展了调度算法的时域空间(N为交换端口数).理论分析表明:在相同条件下,DFTS的时延性能与FTSA的理论性能是一致的.     

介电各向异性对铁电液晶光电特性的影响

提出了一种描述铁电液晶（FLC）介电各向异性的电路模型．分析了FLC介电各向异性对开关响应时间、特征时间、特征电压和极化反转电流的作用,以及铁电扭矩和介电扭矩对光透射率的影响。模拟分析显示,延迟时间随驱动电压幅度变化存在最小值,特征时间（特征电压）随二轴参量的提高而增加（减小）．随二轴参量增大,介电扭矩的贡献将超过铁电扭矩;相应的极化反转电流由双极性转变为单极性;透射率无”明态”和”暗态”的交替,且峰值逐步降低．     

开关电源技术的发展

对目前出现的几种典型的开关电源技术作了归纳总结和分析比较,在此基础上指出了开关电源技术的发展状况和开关电源产品的发展趋势.并且对开关电源的发展史、应用范围、主电路的选择作了简要的介绍.     

串联式混合动力船舶能源系统运行模式切换策略

为了解决内河电力推进船舶混合动力能源系统运行模式的切换控制问题,以动力电池剩余电量、电池工作温度以及船舶电力推进需求功率作为特征因素,以混合动力能源系统运行模式作为决断输出,建立了基于模糊综合评判方法的船舶混合能源系统运行模式切换控制模型及其控制策略。以实验室的船舶航行工况数据作为试验仿真环境,结果表明,这种方法能够智能地自动切换运行模式,实现了电力推进船舶混合动力能源系统的优化管理,同时能够保证动力电池的工作性能,延长电池寿命。     

相继增压柴油机切换点进气涡流仿真对比研究

应用STAR-CD软件对相继增压柴油机切换点工况的进气过程进行了仿真对比研究,着重对只有主增压器工作（1TC）和两台增压器都工作(2TC)状况下的进气道和气缸内的速度场、压力场等进行了对比分析。计算结果表明：在整个进气过程中,1TC较2TC的湍动能最大提高率为38%,1TC较2TC的涡流比最大提高率为29%,有利于进一步的油气混合过程。     

中国物流业周期的共变性和非对称性特征

构建了基于马尔科夫机制转换的多变量动态因子模型,给出了运用基于贝叶斯推断的吉布斯抽样方法参数估计方法,提取出了表征物流业周期共变性的公共周期因子增长率,获得了刻画物流业周期的非对称性的收缩概率.实证分析结果表明,中国物流业周期的共变性特征和非对称性特征均较显著.     

Detailed analysis of distraction induced by in-vehicle verbal interactions on visual search performance

We examined the negative effect of in-vehicle verbal interaction on visual search performance. Twenty participants performed a primary visual search task and a secondary verbal interaction task concurrently. We found that visual search performance deteriorated when the secondary task involving memory retrieval and speech production was performed concurrently. Moreover, a detailed analysis of the reaction time as a function of set size revealed that the increased reaction time was attributed not to the slowing of inspecting each item but to the increased processing time other than the inspection of each visual item, possibly due to task switching between the primary visual search task and the secondary verbal task. These findings have implications for providing information from in-vehicle information devices while reducing the risk of driver distraction.     

Designing a sliding mode controller for slip control of antilock brake systems

Antilock brake system (ABS) has been designed to achieve maximum negative acceleration by preventing the wheels from locking. Research shows that the friction between road and tire is a nonlinear function of wheel slip. Therefore, maximum negative acceleration can be achieved by designing a suitable control system for wheel slip regulation at its optimum value. Since there is a lot of nonlinearity and uncertainty (uncertainty in mass and center of gravity of the vehicle and road condition) in vehicle dynamics, a robust control method should be used. In this research, a sliding mode controller for wheel slip control has been designed based on a two-axle vehicle model. Important considered parameters for vehicle dynamic include two separated brake torques for front and rear wheels as well as longitudinal weight transfer caused by the acceleration or deceleration. One of the common problems in sliding mode control is chattering phenomenon. In this paper, primary controller design has been improved using integral switching surface to reduce chattering effects. Simulation results show the success of integral switching surface in elimination of chattering side effects and by high performance of this controller. At the end, the performance of the designed controller has been compared with three of the prevalent papers results to determine the performance of sliding mode control integrated with integral switching surface.