新农村道路国防功能之管见

新农村道路便于通行、防护、隐蔽、修复,能够加大区域道路战时通行能力和通行几率,提升区域道路交通生存与使用能力。在科学界定新农村道路的内涵与特征的基础上,系统分析了新农村道路在未来高科技局部战争中的战略地位和作用,研究提出了确保新农村道路国防功能实现的对策和措施。     

海空协同的远海岛礁战储物资供给优化模型与算法

针对远海岛礁战储物资的战时供给问题，利用海空协同运输的优势，以系统总时间最短、 物资保障成本最低为目标，构建两阶段优化模型(2E-MLRP)，并利用解的结构特征改进拥挤度比较算子和精英保留策略，形成有针对性的改进遗传算法。算例分析结果表明：利用本文所建模型及算法求解得到的最优方案符合“性价比”的要求；相对于全海运模型，海空协同的系统总时间降低53.15%，而成本增幅仅为22.27%，且第一批物资送达时间也减少2.95 d。算法对比结果显示： 改进后算法得到的SP指标值与MSP指标值均优于传统遗传算法，可知改进后算法求得的Pareto 解集具有更好的分布性。本文运输方案与其他方案相比，成本大幅降低，运送时长增幅较小，可保证运输装备的高效利用，且单个航线内待补给岛数量合理，可满足战储物资运送的要求，为战时远海岛礁战储物资供给方案的制定提供参考。     

An integrated risk assessment model: A case of sustainable freight transportation systems

The major challenge in the development of sustainable freight transportation systems (SFTSs) is due to the involvement of numerous dynamic uncertainties and intrinsic sustainability risks. Sustainability risks are potential threats that can have undesirable impacts on the sustainability of a system. The main objective of this study is to identify and evaluate the sustainability risks associated with freight transportation systems (FTSs). Accordingly, a risk analysis approach is developed by innovatively integrating the intuitionistic fuzzy set theory and D-number theory to quantitatively model the sustainability risks. Intuitionistic fuzzy numbers can examine both the membership and non-membership degrees of an element while the D-number theory increases the objectivity of assessments by fusing multiple expert judgments. The proposed risk assessment model facilitates the managers in the development of SFTSs by ensuring visibility, predictability and measurability in freight operations. Unlike the conventional perception, the findings indicate that most of the high priority sustainability risks in FTSs are socially induced rather than financially driven and consciousness in people’s conduct is must to attain the positive results. The analysis alerts the freight managers toward the high priority sustainability risks and guides in pro-active strategy formulation and optimum allocation of mitigation resources to minimize disruptions in SFTSs.     

Multi-scale robustness model for highway networks under flood events

Transportation system infrastructure often experiences severe flood-related disruptions such as overtopping, erosion, and scour. The ensuing damages can result in enormous direct and indirect economic losses to the traffic network and consequently the individuals through conditions like inaccessibility to commuters and reduction in traffic safety. Many studies have claimed that a robust transportation system could significantly prevent such consequences from natural hazards such as floods, highlighting the importance of robustness measures that could be used by decision-makers to properly manage flooded transportation system. Most available measures related to network robustness assessment are qualitative, and while some recent studies have focused on such evaluation using quantitative assessment approaches related to environmental or social-economic operations, they lack the holistic view towards robustness under flood events. This study develops a composite multi-scale transportation-system robustness model considering flood hazards by synthesizing geographical damage recognition, topological functionality analysis, network operation evaluation, and traffic-user loss estimation. This integrated model has been applied in a real-world highway network, mainly revealing that a given intensive flood occurrence at different locations may result in a variety of after-flood disruptions in the transportation network. To assist the asset owners with developing more reasonable prevention and recovery plans, the developed multi-scale robustness index presents both visible multi-denominational flood consequences and an overall post-event transportation-system robustness indicator.     

Governing autonomous vehicles: emerging responses for safety,liability, privacy,cybersecurity, and industry risks

ABSTRACT

The benefits of autonomous vehicles (AVs) are widely acknowledged, but there are concerns about the extent of these benefits and AV risks and unintended consequences. In this article, we first examine AVs and different categories of the technological risks associated with them. We then explore strategies that can be adopted to address these risks, and explore emerging responses by governments for addressing AV risks. Our analyses reveal that, thus far, governments have in most instances avoided stringent measures in order to promote AV developments and the majority of responses are non-binding and focus on creating councils or working groups to better explore AV implications. The US has been active in introducing legislations to address issues related to privacy and cybersecurity. The UK and Germany, in particular, have enacted laws to address liability issues; other countries mostly acknowledge these issues, but have yet to implement specific strategies. To address privacy and cybersecurity risks strategies ranging from introduction or amendment of non-AV specific legislation to creating working groups have been adopted. Much less attention has been paid to issues such as environmental and employment risks, although a few governments have begun programmes to retrain workers who might be negatively affected.     

论国际船舶融资租赁的商业风险及利益保障

国际船舶融资租赁的出租人和承租人都面临着一定的商业风险,利率和汇率风险可通过相应金融工具防范,信用风险及第三人责任风险则需要一定的利益保障机制。     

基于遗传算法的信号联锁故障处理中风险问题的研究

以遗传算法优化技术为基础,对铁路信号联锁故障处理中的风险问题因素进行了分析,期望减少电务部门故障处理流程中的风险,从而避免人为造成重大、大事故.     

铁路工程保险招标分析

0引言随着铁路跨越式发展的深入推进,铁路建设投资呈逐年上升趋势。按照铁路中长期规划,到2020年,我国铁路营运里程将达到10万km,时速250km以上的客运专线要大规模修建,共需投入建设资金2万亿元,每年平均投资需求达1300亿元,除已有的铁路建设基金、银行贷款的款源外,每年资金缺     

服务高技能人才培养，建设特色高职教育文化

高职教育文化承载着高技能人才培养的功能。高职教育的实践性、开放性和职业性，决定了高职教育文化必须与行业文化、企业文化的互动融合。武汉船舶职业技术学院注重继承传统，重视与行业企业互动融合，对如何建设有特色的高职教育文化做了积极而有成效的探索。     

基于实时位移监测的风化花岗岩边坡安全风险动态调控技术

基于风化花岗岩边坡岩土体特性、开挖过程及防护结构施工工序,确定了边坡施工安全监测的重点部位,建立了以坡体位移监测为核心的自动化安全监测系统。通过安全监测信息反馈对风化花岗岩边坡安全风险进行动态评估,并结合工程实例,提出了边坡施工安全动态调控技术流程。