信息管理与信息化

本文主要介绍武汉市水务局在信息设施建设方面取得的成果 ,并阐明笔者对水务防汛信息管理的见解     

用于研究柴油机进气涡流的水模拟测试系统

主要介绍了一个针对 115 0G单缸柴油机进气道结构的进气涡流水模拟装置和一套用于测量二维流场的激光粒子速度场仪 (PIV) ,用它们来测量旋流器在气缸内产生的涡流流场 ,目的是为研究旋流器在气缸内产生涡流的能力和涡流在缸内的发展情况。其中旋流器是作者设计的一种用于 4气门、短直气道发动机产生进气涡流的装置。     

Fatigue damage calculation for oil tanker and container ship structures

The fatigue behaviour of longitudinal stiffeners of oil tankers and container ships, subjected to dynamic loads, is analysed. The following dynamic load components are considered: hull girder vertical wave bending moment, alone and combined with the horizontal wave bending moment, hydrodynamic pressure and inertial forces caused by cargo acceleration.

The spectral method was selected to calculate the fatigue damage, based on S—N curves and Miner's rule. Following this approach, the fatigue damage may be calculated as a function of a stress parameter Ω_p, which represents the cumulative effect of wave induced loads in the unit of time and incorporates the combined effects of stress level and its occurring frequency.

Simple formulas for Ω_p of oil tankers and container ships are given, obtained from the results of hydrodynamic analyses performed on several ships, in different wave environments.

Several examples show the applicability of the methods to real ship structures. The method, however, still needs to be calibrated because of the simplifying hypotheses introduced in the loading conditions.     

低强度混凝土桩处理桥头软基的试验研究

在软土地基修建高等级公路中,“桥头跳车问题”是一个技术难题。低强度混凝土桩是一种新型的处理桥头深厚软基的工法。某大桥桥头段深厚软基采用该工法处理,对桩顶及桩间土沉降、土工格栅上沉降、深层土体水平位移、孔隙水压力变化、土压力变化等进行了现场监测,进行了静载荷试验,对测试结果进行了分析。结果表明,该工法方法能大幅度减小沉降,减小对桥台基础的水平推力,具有显著的经济效益。     

预制梁制作过程中的散喷养生及水循环利用

散喷养生及水循环利用工艺采用压力泵送原理对预制梁构件进行高质量的快速养生,并结合养生用水的收集、沉淀和净化后重复再用的工艺达到节水的目的,其结果不仅降低了工程成本,而且具有明显的环保效果。     

A critical review of container security operations

Containers, which permit fast and safe handling between modal systems, are the main equipment used in intermodal transport. Unfortunately, enhancement of the efficiency and velocity of container operations has created a breach in traditional security, also known as container security. This paper presents a critical literature review of container security operations. We aim to identify current trends and future research directions in container security. We propose a classification framework based on the following elements: presenting the container security perspective, identifying threats, evaluating container security, balancing costs/benefits and the degree of security, balancing time savings/reduction and the degree of security, and securing containerized transportation processes. We discuss the current studies of these problems, the methodologies adopted and important insights into container security.     

“集装箱装卸机械电能监控系统”的研发

为进一步实现节能减排，研发了集装箱装卸机械电能控制系统。介绍了该电能监控系统的整体结构、系统配置、软件系统、系统网络图等情况。阐述了系统的作用。指出：通过电能监控系统实现对分类能耗、分项电能的远程监测与管理成为港口机械管理发展的必然趋势。     

CFC复频电导法与TEM瞬变电磁法在某隧道中的应用对比

CFC复频电导法与TEM瞬变电磁法是我国目前较为先进的隧道超前探水技术。以CFC与TEM在我国某铁路隧道中的应用为例,简述CFC与TEM的方法原理,并结合开挖实际情况进行对比。试验对比表明,CFC探水技术抗干扰能力更强,探水预报结果更为准确,特别是在电磁环境复杂的隧道。     

水下盾构隧道管片钻穿引起的涌水突泥治理技术研究

水下盾构隧道管片钻穿会引起大量涌水突泥，对隧道建设及运营造成重大影响，且采取的隧道修复措施将影响隧道的长期运营安全。以某地铁隧道被意外钻穿的实例为工程背景，为确保水下隧道意外钻穿破坏时，可以做到临时封堵有效，永久修复满足百年使用要求，提出修复思路。在水面利用浮船进行海上袋装水泥封堵，然后筑岛截断隧道与海水的联系； 临时封堵后监测管片变形、复核隧道中线，明确钻孔对隧道限界的影响； 通过计算对结构安全性进行评价，明确钻孔对管片结构受力影响较小。在确保隧道钻穿对隧道限界及结构的影响可控后，采取地面注浆、洞内注浆、倒锥形封堵、洞内设置内撑钢板相结合的方案，对隧道钻穿处进行治理，保证隧道的安全运营。在隧道周边施工时，应加强隧道保护意识，避免对既有隧道造成破坏。     

公路水毁问题及应对措施探讨

公路水毁现象作为一种常见的公路工程问题,直接关系着整个工程项目的质量及其安全。鉴于此,对公路水毁问题及其成因进行分析,并在此基础上提出一些建设性建议,可供相关施工参考。