车道识别过程中搜索车道线的方法

提出了一种在RO I(region of interest)即感兴趣区域中建立搜索窗口的车道识别算法,使其能够很好地处理非理想路况的各种不确定因素,并建立实时动态搜索窗口,除了能精确地追踪车道标志线之外,还能应用于弯路路况。运用LM edSquare曲线拟合算法提高了车道拟合过程的稳健性和精确性。由于RO I的建立,整个识别过程的计算量大大降低,适应实时性要求。     

面漆桔皮分析与对策

利用BYK桔皮仪和NAP仪对轿车车身的长短波桔皮以及鲜映性分别按照不同颜色、不同部位进行了检测、对比和分析,同时对施工材料和现场一些重要参数的变化对桔皮及鲜映性的影响作了对比,为减小桔皮、提高鲜映性和涂装管理提供一些可以借鉴的思路。     

Analytical Solution for Model-Based Dynamic Power Factor Measurement in AC Resistance Spot Welding

On the basis of welding transformer circuit model, a new measuring method was proposed. This method measures the peak angle of the welding current, and then calculates the dynamic power factor in each half-wave. An artificial neural network is trained and used to generate simulation data for the analytical solution, i.e. a high-order binary polynomial, which can be easily adopted to calculate the power factor online. The tailored sensing and computing system ensures that the method possesses a real-time computational capacity and satisfying accuracy. A DSP-based resistance spot welding monitoring system was developed to perform ANN computation. The experimental results suggest that this measuring method is feasible.     

Impact of stop-and-go waves and lane changes on discharge rate in recovery flow

In an effort to uncover traffic conditions that trigger discharge rate reductions near active bottlenecks, this paper analyzed individual vehicle trajectories at a microscopic level and documented the findings. Based on an investigation of traffic flow involving diverse traffic situations, a driver’s tendency to take a significant headway after passing stop-and-go waves was identified as one of the influencing factors for discharge rate reduction. Conversely, the pattern of lane changers caused a transient increase in the discharge rate until the situation was relaxed after completing the lane-changing event. Although we observed a high flow from the incoming lane changers, the events ultimately caused adverse impacts on the traffic such that the disturbances generated stop-and-go waves. Based on this observation, we regard upstream lane changes and stop-and-go waves as the responsible factors for the decreased capacity at downstream of active bottlenecks. This empirical investigation also supports the resignation effect, the regressive effect, and the asymmetric behavioral models in differentiating acceleration and deceleration behaviors.     

On the existence of stationary states in general road networks

Our daily driving experience and empirical observations suggest that traffic patterns in a road network are relatively stationary during peak periods. In numerous transportation network studies, there has been an implicit conjecture that stationary states exist in a network when origin demands, route choice proportions, and destination supplies are constant. In this study, we first rigorously formulate the conjecture within the framework of a network kinematic wave theory with an invariant junction model. After defining stationary states, we derive a system of algebraic equations in 3-tuples of stationary link flow-rates, demands, and supplies. We then introduce a new definition of junction critical demand levels based on effective demands and supplies. With a map in critical demand levels, we show that its fixed points and, therefore, stationary states exist with the help of Brouwer’s fixed point theorem. For two simple road networks, we show that the map is well-defined and can be used to solve stationary states with a brute-force method. Finally we summarize the study and present some future extensions and applications.     

双层圆柱壳典型基座振动波传递特性优化分析

采用波动分析法,根据不均质结构中的阻抗特性和波型转换,分析振动噪声在典型双层壳结构中的传递特性。以此为切入点,采用有限元/边界元（FEM/BEM）耦合法分析人为构造的传递损失基座的减振降噪性能。通过对组合板振动波的传递特性的分析可以得出,当定常结构发生突变时,结构阻抗也会随之发生变化,导致结构之间的阻抗失配,从而使得振动波在突变截面处发生反射和透射,降低振动波的传递效率,阻隔振动波能量向下游结构传递。然后,据此理论设计了传递损失基座,并用有限元/边界元耦合法验证了传递损失基座的减振降噪性能。     

激励特性对L型板振动功率流的影响

  目的  耦合双层板结构是船体中的常见结构, 研究其结构振动及其功率流特性具有重要意义。  方法  基于薄板理论, 采用波动法建立有限尺寸双层板的振动模型, 在结构耦合及激励处离散, 由连续条件将各离散板的运动方程组装。运用上述方法, 验证波动法解析解与有限元法数值解的准确性。在此基础上, 分析激励力角度、连接件角度及其厚度对振动功率流的影响。  结果  研究结果表明:弯曲振动功率流和面内振动功率流均随着频率的增加而增大, 而面内振动功率流在低频段远小于弯曲振动功率流, 随着频率的增加, 二者逐渐靠近;弯曲振动功率流在全频段随着激励力角度的增加而增大, 面内振动功率流在高频段随之减小;随着连接件的倾角和厚度的增大, 都会使接收板的振动功率流降低。  结论  研究结果对于双层板结构的设计及应用具有一定的参考价值。     

基于边界约束刚度参数优化的轨道扣件弹条防断裂设计方法

为了研究弹条服役状态下模态频率与波磨激励频率一致引发的共振断裂问题,建立潘得路FC快速弹条有限元简化模型,通过以弹簧为边界条件模拟弹条不同部位的约束,分析其模态频率随约束刚度的变化规律,提出基于弹条约束刚度参数优化的防断裂设计方法。结果表明:弹条扣压端垂向约束刚度(150～450 N/mm)对弹条第一、三阶模态频率(400、900 Hz)有显著的正相关作用,并对第三阶共振峰幅值有明显影响;弹条后跟下部径向约束刚度(400～1 600 N/mm)的变化,引起弹条第二阶模态频率(660 Hz)的变化,两者呈现正相关关系,同时对弹条第二阶共振峰幅值也有显著影响。弹条第二、第三阶模态频率为危险频率,防断裂设计时应重点考虑。     

示波器在点火线圈故障诊断中的应用

介绍了用示波器检查初级电流和次级电压波形,通过波形分析诊断出点火线圈的故障。     

行人过街信号与交叉口信号的协调控制

通过对现行理想干道典型路段行人交通和机动车交通运行状况分析,在现场实地调查的基础上,运用适合中国交通现况的定时式线控系统理论,对交叉口和人行横道进行信号配时优化.应用结果表明对路段和主线机动车流进行协调控制设计,可以有效减少过街行人对主线车流的干扰,在满足行人过街要求的同时获得较好的主线绿波带宽.