有害物品运输中避免重大事故发生的路径选择

为了避免有害物品在运输过程中发生重大事故,分析了避免重大事故发生的条件,即尽量避开可能产生严重后果的路段.建立了综合考虑运输风险、平均后果和总后果的路径选择模型,并利用线性加权的方法对3个目标进行处理,使模型可以利用最短路算法进行求解.该模型通过控制平均后果和总后果,能避开可能产生严重后果的路段.最后,给出了1个应用算例.     

COLOR AC-PDP ENHANCEMENT OF LOW LEVELS IMAGE QUALITY WITH DYNAMIC MODIFYING SUB-FIELDS CODE

Based on the ＂Grayscales average distribution＂ method which equally distributes the input gray levels to output gray levels, three improved methods named： ＂Reduce the gray range expressed by the less significant subfields＂, ＂Low levels preset＂ and ＂Modify the exponent of inverse-gamma function＂ are proposed in this paper. Using these methods, the inverse-gamma relation subfields code can be obtained easily which can improve the low level expressions of AC-PDP. And a program, ＂ gray scales distribution validate program＂, which can enhance the expressions of the demanded gray levels range, is also proposed in this paper.     

基于神经网络实现交叉口多相位模糊控制

根据城市交叉口交通流的特点，给出了一种交叉口多相位自适应控制算法，综合考虑相邻车道上的车队长度，利用多层BP神经网络实现了道路交叉口多相位模糊控制。仿真结果表明，所设计的模糊神经网络控制器能有效地减少单交叉口平均车辆延误，具有较强的学习和泛化能力。     

暴雨强度公式推求方法探讨

暴雨强度公式是城镇雨水排水系统规划与设计的基本依据之一。目前 ,我国很多地区具有的降雨资料已超过 30年 ,已具备了更新当地的暴雨强度公式的条件。更新暴雨强度公式时 ,应根据降雨资料的年数采用不同的选样方法。为提高公式的精度 ,宜采用数理统计法推求暴雨强度公式 ,且在推求公式时 ,宜采用分组平均法调整各重现期的b值     

城市轨道交通灾害链演化网络模型及其风险分析——以地铁水灾为例

灾害链式演变是重大灾害形成的主要诱因,探明城市轨道交通典型灾害间的链式衍生发展规律对保障地铁运营安全意义重大。基于灾变链式理论和复杂网络理论,对城市轨道交通灾害事件的致灾因子、孕灾环境、承灾体特征及灾情链式传递规律展开研究;并以地铁水灾为例,构建灾害链演化网络模型;而后采用出入度、子网节点数、所含支链数和介数中心度分析法,对该过程进行风险分析。结论为:在城市轨道交通灾害演化系统中,各类灾害连接紧密、链生性强,传递性高;在地铁水灾演化网络中,车站用电设备故障、隧道结构性能劣化和地下承压水上升是风险控制的关键节点。研究成果为构建地铁运营风险预控与断链减灾体系提供理论支持。     

高速磁悬浮列车悬浮控制中加速度信号数字滤波算法研究

在磁悬浮列车悬浮控制系统设计中,传感器信号的数字化滤波算法特性是影响控制效果的重要因素之一.其中加速度信号一般经过积分处理获得系统的绝对速度反馈,但实测加速度信号中包含了不稳定的重力分量,不能直接积分.结合加速度信号的特点和控制器实时性的要求,提出了数字高通和移动平滑滤波算法.计算机仿真分析和对实测信号的处理结果表明,移动平滑滤波算法获得了较理想的滤波效果,适合应用于控制器的数字化设计.     

基于约束卡尔曼滤波的短时交通流量组合预测模型

为了克服单一的交通流预测模型性能不稳定的问题, 提出了基于约束卡尔曼滤波的短时交通流量组合预测模型。约束卡尔曼滤波组合预测模型以各单一预测模型的权重为状态变量, 交通流量为观测变量, 预测结果是单一预测模型的加权和, 加权系数由约束卡尔曼滤波方程递推动态确定, 最后通过广深高速公路上采集的交通流量数据对算法进行了验证。结果表明, 在不同预测步长情况下, 约束卡尔曼滤波组合预测模型要优于最佳的单一预测模型或与其持平, 并且不受某一较差的预测模型影响, 具有较高的鲁棒性。     

Empirical analysis of short period traffic counts and their efficiency: the case of Indian traffic

Short period traffic counts (SPTCs) are conducted routinely to estimate the annual average daily traffic (AADT) at a particular site. This paper uses Indian traffic volume data to methodically and extensively study the effect of four aspects related to the design of SPTCs. These four aspects are: (i) for how long, (ii) on which days should SPTCs be carried out, (iii) how many times, and (iv) on which months should SPTCs be carried out? The analyses indicate that the best durations for conducting SPTCs are 3 days (starting with a Thursday) and 7 days, for total traffic and truck traffic, respectively. Further, these counts should be repeated twice a year keeping a separation of two months between the counts to obtain good estimates of AADT at minimal cost. An additional outcome of this study has been the determination of seasonal factor values for roads in developing economies, like India.     

The Alternative Motor Fuels Act, alternative-fuel vehicles, and greenhouse gas emissions

The corporate average fuel economy (CAFE) standard is the major policy tool to improve the fleet average miles per gallon of automobile manufacturers in the US. The Alternative Motor Fuels Act (AMFA) provides special treatment in calculating the fuel economy of alternative-fuel vehicles to give manufacturers CAFE incentives to produce more alternative-fuel vehicles. AMFA has as its goals an increase in the production of alternative-fuel vehicles and a decrease in gasoline consumption and greenhouse gas emissions. This paper examines theoretically the effects of the program set up under AMFA. It finds that, under some conditions, this program may actually increase the production of fuel-inefficient gasoline vehicles, gasoline consumption and greenhouse gas emissions.     

青海省道路气候区划研究

依据气候要素对道路工程建设的影响,根据全省气温、冻土以及潮湿系数的分布状况,结合青海省地形地貌特点,参照交通部部标准《公路自然区划标准》（JTJ003-86）,对青海省公路自然气候作了一、二级区划。一级区划将全省分为多年冻土区和季节冻土区,二级区划全省可分为11类气候类型区域。