6750箱集装箱船非线性波激振动和颤振响应分析

本文采用三维时域非线性水弹性方法分析了一艘6750箱集装箱船的水弹性响应以及运动和垂向弯矩特征。通过考虑入射波力、静水恢复力、砰击效应的非线性,研究了在恶劣海况下船体的非线性运动和垂向弯矩响应,同时分析了波激振动及颤振对垂向弯矩的影响。数值计算结果表明:(1)非线性入射波力对运动的影响较小,但是对垂向弯矩的影响较大,使得其有明显的倍频成分,同时中垂弯矩显著大于中拱弯矩。另外,非线性入射波力也引起了明显的非线性波激振动;(2)非线性静水恢复力对运动和载荷的影响均较大,但是没有引起明显的非线性响应。非线性计算的垂荡响应小于线性结果,而纵摇和垂向弯矩响应大于线性结果;(3)砰击效应对运动的影响较小,但对垂向弯矩的影响较大,砰击效应引起了显著的船体弹性高频振动,增大了载荷幅值,但是其引起的合成中垂和中拱幅值相差不大;(4)非线性水动力的作用主要引起垂向弯矩的倍频响应,包括倍频可能引起的二节点垂向弯矩弹性共振,而砰击效应主要引起船体二节点垂向弯矩共振;(5)本文的非线性水弹性响应计算结果与Kim给出的数值计算结果吻合很好。     

损伤状态下悬索桥静动态响应的模型试验研究

面向健康诊断,设计制作了悬索桥结构整体试验模型.利用该模型,对悬索桥进行了加劲梁、主缆、吊索等基本构件的损伤状态模型试验研究.分析了损伤状态下,加劲梁挠度与应变、主缆应变、吊索应变、固有频率的变化规律.悬索桥结构各种响应对加劲梁损伤的敏感性很低,对加劲梁损伤位置的相关性也不明显.主缆损伤引起的悬索桥结构静动态响应变化最为明显,并且响应的变化对损伤位置和损伤程度都呈现良好的相关性.吊索损伤导致的悬索桥结构响应变化对损伤位置和损伤程度亦呈现良好的相关性.但导致的加劲梁挠度和应变变化幅度很小.     

Experimental and numerical study on dynamic responses of floating bridge under the shielding effect of a floating platform

A floating bridge and a floating platform can serve as a transport channel between land and sea. They will interact with each other in the wave environment. In this paper, the dynamic response characteristics of a floating bridge under irregular waves and regular waves are studied by means of model tests and numerical calculations. The results of model test and numerical calculation based on potential flow theory are basically consistent and can be mutually verified. By comparing and analyzing the dynamic response results of the floating bridge under the condition of “with floating platform” and “without floating platform”, some conclusions are drawn. The floating platform will have a shielding effect on waves coming from the sea. Due to the shielding effect of the floating platform, the motions in heave, surge and pitch of the floating bridge are evidently diminished. Among them, the motion response of the pontoon near the floating platform decreases most obviously. The floating platform provides a relatively stable marine environment for the floating bridge, thereby improving the survival state of the floating bridge.     

Difference in ship motion and wave load in long and short crested irregular waves北大核心CSCD

[Objective]To investigate ship motion and load responses in realistic 3D waves and overcome the limitations of the traditional 2D wave assumption, this paper develops a method for predicting ship motion and load responses in short-crested waves. [Method]The long- and short-term responses of ship motion and load in long- and short-crested waves are numerically predicted using the spectral analysis and statistical probability methods, respectively. The influence of directional function on ship response is also numerically analyzed. Moreover, tank model tests and a large-scale model sea trial are comparatively conducted to validate the difference between ship response and statistics in long- and short-crested irregular waves. [Results]The results show that when navigating against the waves in the same sea condition, the long-crested wave assumption overestimates the statistical mean value of ship load response, but underestimates extreme load in real seas. For long-crested waves, the ship motion and acceleration power spectrum is concentrated around a certain frequency band. [Conclusion]Ship motion and load responses in realistic 3D waves are significantly different from those in 2D long-crested waves. The directional function of short-crested waves also has a significant effect on ship motion and load responses. © 2023 The Author(s).     

上跨软土深基坑干线铁路便桥动力特性研究

以某铁路大型车站改建工程软土深基坑施工为背景,拟定了多个钢格构柱现浇钢筋混凝土梁板连续刚构便桥设计方案,针对便桥结构体系伴随软土深基坑挖土施工而不断发生变化的特点,系统计算分析了软土深基坑挖土过程便桥结构全桥体系的动力特性,得到一些有益的结论,可供上跨深基坑干线铁路便桥设计和基坑挖土施工参考。     

波激振动和砰击颤振对大型油船疲劳强度影响研究

文章给出线性波激振动和砰击颤振引起的大型油船结构疲劳贡献度的计算方法。基于三维线性水弹性理论可计算得到包括刚体和2节点的振动模态下的垂向弯矩的传递函数,采用谱分析法对某30万吨油船进行结构疲劳强度计算,分析波激振动对船体结构疲劳损伤影响;基于二维非线性波浪载荷程序（含砰击颤振的波浪载荷）,采用时域方法对该油船进行船体梁弯矩计算,分析砰击颤振对船体梁弯矩及疲劳载荷的影响;结果表明对于该类大型油船波激振动和砰击颤振对船体的结构疲劳损伤的影响不可忽略。     

中庭式地铁车站地震响应振动台试验

中庭式地铁车站因用大量横梁取代楼板来形成中庭大开口(顶层和中层楼板的开口率均超过50％),且站厅层无柱,站台层采用宽高比达7.5的薄壁柱,车站结构抵抗横向变形比如地震作用的能力,成为值得担忧的一个问题.为此,针对埋置于人工模型土中的中庭式地铁车站模型,进行了一系列1g振动台试验,探究中庭式地铁车站结构的地震响应特征,以...     

Axisymmetric structural behaviours of composite tensile armoured flexible pipes

To address the weight and corrosion challenge in deep-water, replacing the steel tensile armour in flexible pipes with composite materials is an alternative conceptual approach. An axisymmetric structural responses model is built for this novel composite armoured flexible pipe, with interlayer gaps that may occur in the unbonded structure considered through an iterative algorithm. The tensile strength of steel and composite armoured pipes are predicted based on different constitutive relations of steel and composite. Essential quantities are obtained, such as tensile stiffness, deformations of each layer and interlayer gaps or contact pressures. Considering the helix form of carcass and pressure armour, a finite element model is established for the verification of the theoretical model. Case study shows that the tensile stiffness of flexible pipe is overestimated with the interlayer gap ignored. Compared with steel armoured flexible pipe, the composite armoured pipe, whose tensile stiffness decreases less as external pressure increases, meanwhile has higher values of tensile ultimate strength and torsion stiffness. Some suggestions about fiber types and volume fraction for composite tensile strips are given to ensure good performance of axial tensile strength and stiffness.     

我国铁路CTC系统的应用现状

通过CTC系统的应用,能够使调车作业跟列车作业在时间以及空间上的冲突得到有效的解决,从而实现对调车作业的有效控制,促进国内铁路的运行管理水平得以显著升高。但是目前的CTC系统运行过程中依旧存在有比较多的问题,主要就对国内铁路CTC系统的应用现状进行深入研究,借此来促进CTC系统应用效益得到进一步提升。     

规则波和不规则波中船舶艉砰击及其振动响应的试验研究

在拖曳水池中对某船舶进行了艉砰击及其振动响应的试验研究.在规则波以及不规则波中的零航速、艉随浪情况下观察到了严重的艉砰击现象.试验数据分析表明,合成弯矩可以分成由波浪载荷引起的低频成分以及由砰击载荷引起的高频成分.由于严重艉砰击载荷的作用,发现在某次规则波试验中合成弯矩比波浪弯矩要大出44%,在3.24m不规则波中合成弯矩增加了43%.不规则波中的试验数据统计表明合成弯矩分布范围服从Weibull分布.推导了服从Weibull分布随机变量的短期概率极值预报公式,针对试验数据进行了预报.还讨论了试验数据分析中的不确定性问题.试验研究表明,对于艉部平坦肥大的船舶,在设计和使用中需要引起对艉砰击及其振动响应问题的重视.