新建铁路山西中南部铁路通道穿越红泥寺自然保护区的影响分析及措施和对策

当前,由于我国自然保护区建设的大力推进,自然保护区数量、面积都有了很大的提高。随着我国经济持续快速的发展,铁路工程由于其受工程地质、技术条件、经济据点等因素影响,有时难以绕避自然保护区。本文结合新建铁路山西中南部铁路通道,将铁路工程建设对自然保护区的影响以及针对影响采取的科学防范措施和对策做以简要的论述。     

铁路参与铁水联运无水港建设的思考

在阐述铁水联运集疏运系统的构成和建立条件的基础上,分析了铁路参与无水港建设的可行性和模式。铁路应通过全面参与无水港建设,加快融入综合运输体系的步伐,可采取改造现有场站设备与设施和新建物流中心两种方式参与无水港建设,同时应注意以下4个问题:采取多种途径解决资金问题;重视信息管理系统建设;提供优质运输服务;注重开发主业副产品。     

大功率电力机车变形吸能元件加工难点及解决措施

对大功率电力机车的牵引缓冲装置变形吸能元件支撑板的功能、结构、主要工艺难点进行分析,介绍一种新型的加工工艺方法,大大地提高了其生产效率.     

Regulatory reform and freight mode choice

Reform of trucking Vehicle Weights and Dimensions (VWD) regulations in Canada is now underway. The effect these reforms will have on the freight transportation industry are only recently the subject of research. This paper is part of this new research effort, aimed at understanding how regulatory reform in the trucking sector will affect the existing competitive relationship between trucks and the railways. The paper presents the results of study and research into modelling the relationship between mode choice and the service characteristics that are affected by VWD reform.Using several periods of data, a series of econometric models are developed which help to elucidate the relative relationships between the mode service characteristics for both of the principal interprovincial freight modes. A technique is developed and presented to model railway user costs in order to overcome the complex and often unrepresentable pricing activities of Canadian railways.The strength of the developed econometric models is presented, including their significance and statistical reliability. This is further reinforced by the similarities exhibited by all the models in the series. The selected model is applied to predict market service responses required of the railway industry in order to compete with the trucking sector now adapting to the new regulations.The impact of the newly implemented vehicle weight and dimension reform on the rail transportation industry is analyzed and railway industry improvements aimed at maintaining its market share are presented. The results predicted by the model show that railway user cost reductions should be moderate, and likely less than the level of inflation over the period of time when trucking converts its fleet to take advantage of the new regulations.Abbreviations AASHTO American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials - CCMTA Canadian Conference of Motor Transport Administrators - EPI End products, inedible commodity classification - GVW Gross Vehicle Weight - NA 1988 VWD National Agreement - RTAC Roads and Transportation Association of Canada - VWD Vehicle Weight(s) and Dimension(s) - WA 1988 VWD Western Agreement     

进气预混甲醇降低柴油机碳烟与NOx排放的影响参数研究

在485QDI自然吸气直喷式柴油机上研究了不同喷嘴、不同供油定时、不同喷醇的起点对进气预混甲醇发动机的碳烟、NOx排放和经济性的影响。研究结果表明，为了降低碳烟和NOx排放以及提高燃油经济性，与燃用纯柴油的发动机相比，进气预混甲醇发动机的柴油喷射定时可以保持不变或稍小，但燃油喷嘴的孔径应适当减小，预混甲醇的发动机负荷起点应适中。     

根据墩台抗推刚度分配梁式桥的水平力

在水平荷载作用下，梁式桥的合理计算在工程中具有较大的意义。本文揭示各墩台所分摊的水平力与组合墩台^①抗推刚度大小成正比。这个计算方法概念清楚、计算简单，便于实践中应用。     

发动机排气有源消声技术研究进展及发展趋势

简要介绍了发动机排气噪声的特点及其有源消声治理方法;就发动机排气有源消声技术的关键环节及其最新研究情况作了详尽的归纳和总结。评述了目前研究中尚存的问题与不足,并预测了其研究发展趋势。     

摩托车曲轴箱通风试验与研究

四冲程摩托车用曲轴箱通风系统应当改进。试验研究表明:改进进气管真空度、强制吸气和改进化油器喉管的方案可以减少污染、节省燃油、延长更换机油时间(节省机油)并使机件润滑得更好,从而延长机件使用寿命。四冲程摩托车用曲轴箱通风装置的应用研究有广阔的前景。     

摩托车道路行驶阻力分析与测量

分析了摩托车道路行驶阻力的数学模型,并在天津摩托车技术中心试验场对某125型摩托车采用滑行能量法进行了滑行参数测量。用最小二乘法拟合出摩托车的行驶阻力曲线,并将该曲线在不同速度下的阻力数值与当量惯量法的阻力数值进行了比较,二者达到了很好的统一。     

用示波器对柴油机喷油系统进行故障检测与诊断

阐述利用示波器对柴油发动机喷油系统压力波形进行检测,并利用检测的压力波形对其故障进行诊断的基本原理和方法。