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高速铁路无砟轨道路基质量控制指标研究 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
研究目的:高速铁路无砟轨道对路基的耐久性和刚度提出了更高的要求,为确保质量控制,中德都建立了一套相应的质量控制标准,这两种标准之间既有联系也有区别,开展中德路基质量控制指标对应关系的研究,可以借鉴国外比较成熟的经验,尽快完善适合中国国情的路基质量控制标准。研究方法:首先从理论上对中德高速铁路无砟轨道路基填筑质量控制标准的指标进行了对比和分析,指出了2种标准之间的联系以及不同之处;再结合路基填筑实例,分别采用中德两种规范进行相关试验,建立了该试验条件下的中德规范指标之间的对应关系。研究结果:中国标准中用统一的孔隙率值来控制中、粗粒土的压实质量有待进一步研究。研究结论:对具体的填料,应通过相应的击实试验确定与密实度控制指标对应的孔隙率值;采用Ev2/Ev1比值可用于间接验证填料达到的密实度;如和Ev1之间存在良好的相关关系。 相似文献
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Sampling campaign was conducted over six weeks to determine particulate matter (PM) concentrations from Sydney Trains airport line (T2) at both underground and ground levels using DustTrak. Dust samples were collected and analysed for 12 metals (Fe, Ca, Mn, Cr, Zn, Cu, Pb, Al, Co, Ni, Ba and Na) by atomic emission spectroscopy. Average underground PM10 and PM2.5 concentrations from inside the trains were 2.8 and 2.5 times greater than at ground level. Similarly, PM10 and PM2.5 concentrations on underground platforms were 2.7 and 2.5 times greater than ground level platforms. Average underground PM concentrations exceeded the national air quality standards for both PM10 (50 µg/m3) and PM2.5 (25 µg/m3). Correlation analysis showed a strong to moderate association between PM concentrations at ground level and background PM concentrations (r2 from 0.952 to 0.500). The findings suggested that underground PM concentrations were less influenced by the ambient background than at ground level. The metal concentrations decreased in the order of Fe, Cr, Ca, Al, Na, Ba, Mn, Zn, Cu, Ni, Co and Pb. The pollution index (PI) and enrichment factor (EF) values were calculated to identify the levels and sources of contamination in the underground railway microenvironments. PM was remarkably rich in Fe with a mean concentration of 73.51 mg/g and EF of 61.31, followed by Ni and Cr. These results noticeably indicated a high level of metal contamination in the underground environments, with the principal contribution from track abrasion and wear processes. 相似文献
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公交客运枢纽是城市一体化交通系统的关键环节,目前国内在枢纽的设计和建设方面还存在诸多不足,科学合理地对枢纽设计方案进行评价显得尤为重要.本文从分析公交客运枢纽的设计原则和流程入手,讨论了公交客运枢纽设计方案的综合评价指标体系的确立,以及相关指标的量化,最后讨论采用灰色关联度的方法对方案进行评价. 相似文献
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Zhuo Chen 《Maritime Policy and Management》2017,44(5):537-550
This study identified a set of applicable and practical green performance evaluation indices for Chinese ports using the Delphi technique. The research was conducted by targeting three representative Chinese ports in Eastern China: the Shanghai Port, Ningbo Port, and Qingdao Port. An effective expert panel was structured with direct stakeholders related to green performance, which was based on a sufficient consideration of the unique and the special decision-making system for Chinese ports. Twenty-one green performance indices in six dimensions (i.e. liquid pollution management, air pollution management, noise control, low carbon regulations and energy savings, marine biology preservation, and organization and management) were eventually identified through three rounds of iterations. The identified green performance indices for Chinese ports are highly consistent with the Chinese Government’s environmental policies. Compared with European ports, the green port performance indicators in China are not as comprehensive. The indicators that are strictly consistent with national macro policies and the factors that are more easily seen, heard, and felt were perceived to be more important. From an academic perspective, this study offers a new approach for system establishment and green practice criteria exploration and thus provides a significant basis for further green port studies. 相似文献
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为了了解中国气候条件对沥青路面的影响,分析了739个气象站1971~2000年的气象数据,以累年年不小于20℃积温、累年累计降水温度指数、累年降水冰冻组合指数和累年极端最低气温作为划分指标,累年年平均太阳辐射日总量为描述指标,采用普通克里金和协克里金方法对各指标进行空间化分析,利用多指标系统聚类、指标划分和图层叠置方法,提出了中国公路沥青路面气候影响分区方案。方案共分8个一级区和39个二级区,在北部和青藏高原,低温和低温期间降水的影响是主要的,南部则以高温和降水的影响最为显著,中部各种因素的影响比较均衡,应综合考虑。 相似文献
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There seem to be two types of ocean planning system in the world. First, the federal or united government suggests a basic framework of the plan which is followed by states, countries or areas as shown in the European Union, the United States, Canada, Australia, and so on. Second, a powerful central government prepares a basic ocean plan that guides the following sector plans of the relevant ministries. These cases are shown in Japan, Korea, and China. In Korea, the 2nd Ocean and Fishery Development Plan (OK21, 2011–2020) was made as a comprehensive ocean plan reflecting recent natural and social changes including global warming. The OK21 is declarative in its nature, and so evaluated by its sector plans, which have some specific implementing means such as budgets and manpower, organization, and so on, by the relevant laws. The 2nd OK21 is supported by 21 legally binding sector plans, 14 more than in the 1st plan, thus guaranteeing more effective implementation than in the 1st plan. In addition, most of sector plans are planned to be carried out through the well-coordinated system among the related ministries, thus showing a high degree of implementing efficiency of the plan. Every marine area in the plan, including marine environment, is being supported by more sector plans than before, indicating the equitable development of marine areas in the future. In sum, the 2nd OK21 is expected to show more implementing power due to the well-organized sector plans than in the 1st plan. 相似文献
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