谈谈替代旋转式直流弧焊机的选型问题

为推进造船焊接技术的发展,必须淘汰旋转式直流弧焊机,本文就焊接设备的现状,讨论了“八五”期间淘汰这种焊机的原因及替代的选型问题。     

Study of optimal discharge pressure of compressor in CO2 refrigerating trans-critical cycle

In this paper, a carbon dioxide trans-critical refrigerating system which is different from a conventional subcritical refrigerating cycle was studied. The trans-critical carbon dioxide refrigerating systems are based on the Gustav Lorntzen cycle. Emphasis was focused on how to determine the optimal discharge pressure of compressor in CO2 trans-critical cycle. The factors related with the optimal discharge pressure were analyzed. A formula was developed based on cycle simulation, which could be used to predict the optimal discharge pressure of a basic CO2 trans-critical cycle. After further studies on CO2 trans-critical cycles with a regenerator or expander, two more formulas were also developed. These formulas could provide an access to improve the COP of CO2 trans-critical cycle.     

应用于新一代汽车空调制冷剂的传感器

二氧化碳（制冷剂代号R744）已经成为众望所归的新一代环保型汽车制冷剂,针对二氧化碳制冷剂空调系统的特性,Sensata公司开发了新一代可同时检测制冷剂温度和宽范围制冷剂压力的传感器,并在多家车厂和汽车空调厂家进行了应用测试。     

交通部与江苏签署低碳交通运输发展协议

交通运输部副部长何建中和江苏省副省长史和平近日在无锡分别代表交通运输部、江苏省人民政府签署《共同推进江苏省绿色循环低碳交通运输发展框架协议》(简称《框架协议》),提出2020年率先全面建成绿色循环低碳交通运输示范省份。     

二氧化碳减排与经济增长--基于中国数据的实证分析

采用我国1978-2010年时间序列数据,运用基于向量自回归模型的JJ协整检验和向量误差修正模型方法,对二氧化碳排放量与经济增长关系进行了实证分析.结果表明,我国经济增长与二氧化碳排放量之间在长期呈显著的正相关关系,经济增长是引起我国二氧化碳排放量增长的原因.由此可以推断,随着经济发展水平的不断提高,我国将会面临越来越严重的减排压力.因此,采取必要措施来减少二氧化碳排放量意义重大.     

不可不防的海洋灾难——海水酸化

海水酸化是指由于吸收大气中过量的二氧化碳,导致海水逐渐变酸的过程。1956年,美国地球化学家洛根·罗维尔开始着手研究大卫业时期产生的二氧化碳在未来50年中将产生怎样的气候效应。洛根通过监测发现：被释放到大气中的二氧化碳不会全部被植物吸收,有相当一部分会残留在大气中,且有大量二氧化碳被海洋吸收。     

清洁航运指数

正[背景]2006年瑞典会议上提出清洁航运指数(Clean Shipping Index,CSI)这一概念,旨在评估船舶在其航运中的有关环保方面的各项性能指数。在2007-2012年中,欧洲联盟、瑞典地方海事局先后发起CSI的研究,并共同组建了CSI项目组。本期我们将一起学习清洁航运指数相关知识。     

研发提高能效的“环保船”

近些年,油价高企不下,船舶燃料费增加;全球性经济危机,而造船产能严重过剩;同时,全球气候变暖促进限制温室气体排放,IMO今年1月1日起已限制国际航行船舶二氧化碳排放,2025年前将分阶段减排3成。据此,日本造船业不惜淘汰落后产能,各造船公司转向汇集节能技术,研发环境负荷低、技术含量高的"环保船",其能效可提高2～3成,将来甚至可达到5成,一些船型已开始接受订货。     

Evaluation on contribution of steel products to environmental improvement from life cycle assessment perspectives

High functionality given to steel products results in incremental environment loads at the steelmaking stage. However, at the stage of utilization, high-functional steel products prove more environment friendly than their conventional counterparts in many cases. Therefore, evaluation on contribution of steel products to environmental improvement requires an integrated approach that considers the product over its entire life cycle — life cycle assessment (LCA). This paper discusses the relationship between the improvement of steel products performance and environmental impact from the entire life cycle perspectives. The LCA method to calculate and assess contribution of high-functional steel products during the life cycle to environmental improvement is explained. Two case studies of Baoshan Iron &; Steel Co., Ltd. (Baosteel for short) are given to show that LCA is a scientific and systematic method for eco-materials evaluation or eco-design: ? in a power transformer, using silicon steel B30P110 to replace B30G130 can reduce carbon dioxide emissions in the region of 15.1% over the life cycle of the power transformer; ? tinplate steel of Baosteel for two-piece steel cans experienced six times thickness reduction from 0.280 to 0.225mm, which results in 14.5% emission reduction over the life cycle of two-piece steel cans. It is a systematic and scientific method for evaluating on products environmental performance from life cycle perspective.