动态响应分析的有限元-边界元耦合迭代法

有限元法与边界元法的耦合是一种有实用价值的数值解法。本文提出采用有限-边界元耦合迭代法对体系作动态响应分析。此法将求解区域剖分为二,分别采用有限元法和边界元法,在其交界面上通过迭代法满足界面条件。然后利用Wilson-θ法求解该动力微分方程。此法兼有有限元法和边界元法的特色,因此具有计算效率较高、输入数据少、节省计算机内存等优点,且适宜在微机上应用。     

垂直围壁对爆炸载荷作用下固支方板动力响应特性影响分析

采用数值仿真方法研究了垂直围壁对爆炸载荷作用下固支方板动力响应特性的影响.提出包含角的概念来反映围壁高度的变化.采用控制变量法对264组具有垂直围壁方板模型的动力响应进行了计算,分析了包含角、炸药质量、板厚、相对爆距等变量对方板所受爆炸冲量和中心点位移的影响.结果表明,垂直围壁会增大目标方板所受爆炸冲量,当围壁高度增大到一定程度后,爆炸冲量趋于一定值;无量纲冲量-I仅与包含角和相对爆距有关,并提出了相应经验公式.文中同时提出了一个考虑垂直围壁影响的中心点挠厚比计算公式,并对其适用范围进行了讨论.     

不同敏感性参数下船舶-碎冰碰撞的船体结构响应

基于我国第七次北极科学考察获得的夏季北极海冰空间分布情况,模拟真实碎冰分布,采用LS-DYNA软件中的流固耦合方法,研究在船舶航速、碎冰尺度、碎冰厚度及碎冰密集度等因素影响下船舶-碎冰碰撞的船体结构响应。结合试验数据得到船体结构的应力、吸能和碰撞力。结果表明：船舶-碎冰的主要碰撞区域为艏部及舷侧的水线附近;在船舶航行于碎冰域时,船体结构的应力、吸能和碰撞力的峰值随碎冰域的船舶航速、碎冰尺度、碎冰厚度及碎冰密集度的增加而增加,但分布情况不同。研究结果为船舶在极地冰区航行提供一定的安全性参考。     

深海系泊缆的动刚度特性

针对纤维缆在交变载荷作用下存在的动刚度问题,基于集中质量法的思想建立了系缆的动张力计算模型,编制了能够有效分析系泊系统动力响应的源程序.将张力程序计算结果与商业软件计算结果进行对比,验证了算法程序的准确性,并在此基础上分析了纤维缆复杂的应力应变行为,采用统计的原理计算平均张力和张力幅值,将动刚度引入模型中探究其对系泊张力的影响.此外,分析系统在不同运动形式及环境载荷下的张力结果,研究考虑动刚度后系统参数对系泊张力的影响规律.     

转向架撒砂装置随机振动疲劳分析与状态监测研究

转向架撒砂装置在服役过程中承受来自轮轨的随机振动激扰,其与轴箱体螺纹连接的部位可能出现松脱甚至断裂。文章一方面通过结合模态计算与模态试验对标研究,校验有限元模型,获得模态参数,并综合随机响应分析和疲劳应力评估的Dirlik模型,研究基于模态分析的随机振动疲劳分析方法;另一方面,为增加撒砂装置服役安全,研究了一种基于光纤光栅的状态监测技术,并在台架试验上进行了验证,在设计上保障了撒砂装置的服役安全。     

Dynamic operations and pricing of electric unmanned aerial vehicle systems and power networks

The emergence of electric unmanned aerial vehicle (E-UAV) technologies, albeit somewhat futuristic, is anticipated to pose similar challenges to the system operation as those of electric vehicles (EVs). Notably, the charging of EVs en-route at charging stations has been recognized as a significant type of flexible load for power systems, which often imposes non-negligible impacts on the power system operator’s decisions on electricity prices. Meanwhile, the charging cost based on charging time and price is part of the trip cost for the users, which can affect the spatio-temporal assignment of E-UAV traffic to charging stations. This paper aims at investigating joint operations of coupled power and electric aviation transportation systems that are associated with en-route charging of E-UAVs in a centrally controlled and yet dynamic setting, i.e., with time-varying travel demand and power system base load. Dynamic E-UAV charging assignment is used as a tool to smooth the power system load. A joint pricing scheme is proposed and a cost minimization problem is formulated to achieve system optimality for such coupled systems. Numerical experiments are performed to test the proposed pricing scheme and demonstrate the benefits of the framework for joint operations.     

大型穿浪内倾船型耐波性能研究

针对大型穿浪内倾船型的波浪中航行性能，采用基于势流理论的切片方法，分析六级海况下的船体纵摇、升沉运动的时历曲线，获取不同船长、波长比下的运动响应函数，通过对比计算和试验数据，发现针对该船型，计算方法能够满足工程开发精度要求。     

某型燃气轮机低压压气机转子模态及动力学分析

采用CAD/CAE综合分析方法,基于实体模型,应用网格划分软件Hypermesh,建立某型燃气轮机低压压气机转子的有限元模型.利用数值仿真软件求解转子的固有频率和弯曲振型、临界转速以及稳态不平衡响应.计算结果表明转子具有良好的整体结构刚度,一阶临界转速安全系数合理.动力学分析结果表明,在压气机的设计及制造工艺中需要对转子第4级的平衡工作以及此处附近转鼓的结构强度给予一定重视.     

Development of interlink wear estimation method for mooring chain of floating structures: Validation and new approach using three-dimensional contact response

Long-term operation of mooring systems is one of the challenging issues of floating structures such as floating offshore wind turbines (FOWTs). For integrity assessment, fatigue and its affecting factors have generated considerable recent research interest as the occurrence of a large number of mooring chain failures at a high rate has been reported. By contrast, only few studies on the effect of nonuniform volume loss of mooring chain links due to wear can be found because of difficulties to estimate wear amounts quantitatively. Considering this issue, in this paper, validation of the quantitative interlink wear estimation method is investigated by applying to a spar-type floating structure. Firstly, the method is presented which consists of the material test, derivation of an interlink wear estimation formula with FE analysis, and calculation of mooring chain response with coupled dynamic analysis using a mass-spring model. To improve insufficient accuracy due to the mass-spring model around a clump weight and the touchdown point, the method is further modified by using a 3-D rigid-body link model. The estimation results and comparison show that the modified method distinguishing between rolling and sliding can calculate the interlink wear amount closer to the chain diameter measurements and more reasonable than the method using the conventional mass-spring model.     

Real-world gaseous and particle emissions of a Bi-fuel gasoline/CNG Euro 6 passenger car

The objective of the present study is the assessment of the environmental impact of a bivalent (bi-fuel) vehicle, running either on gasoline or compressed natural gas (CNG). To that aim, a Euro 6 passenger car was tested under various real-world driving conditions. In order to cover the full range of conventional powertrains currently in the market, the tests were also repeated on a Euro 6 diesel passenger car. Both cars were driven in two routes, the first complying with the regulation limits and the second going beyond them. Carbon monoxide (CO), nitrogen oxides (NO_x) and particle number (PN) emissions were recorded using a Portable Emissions Measurement System (PEMS). Apart from the aggregated emission levels, in g/km, the exact emission location along the route was also assessed. Natural gas proved beneficial for CO and PN emissions, the level of which always remained below the respective legislation limits. On the other hand, under the dynamic driving conditions with gasoline, the relevant limits were exceeded. Cold start, occurring at the beginning of the urban part, and motorway driving were identified as major contributors to total emissions, especially in gasoline mode. However, the application of natural gas was associated with a penalty in NO_x emissions, which were significantly increased as compared to gasoline. Local peaks within the urban part were identified in CNG mode. In any case, the diesel vehicle was by far the highest NO_x emitter.