Impacts of accident severity factors and loss values of crashes on expressways in Thailand

The number of road accidents and the level of accident severity have been extensively applied as the indicators for measuring the efficiency of service provision in road network systems of each country. This research utilized accident data on expressway networks during B.E.2550 (2007) to B.E.2553 (2010) (updated data was collected), in which Expressway Authority of Thailand (EXAT) as legislatively mandated unit has taken responsibility for the execution of nine expressway routes covering distances totaling over 207 km with a record of 2194 crashes. The chief objective of the study aims to forecast the accident severity through formulating Multiple Logistic Regression Model to analyze the probability of injury accident and fatal accident in comparison with property damage only accident. Its measurement comprehensively considers statistical relationship among variables such as average speed on road section, average traffic volume per day, period of time, weather conditions, physical characteristics of accident area, and causes of accident. Together, the research question is to verify whether these variables affect the opportunity or probability of three levels of accidents and investigate impacts of accident loss values due to the reduction in crash severity measures.     

事件树分析在船舶机舱火灾预防中的应用探讨

船舶火灾是海难事故的主要原因之一，机舱火灾在船舶火灾中占有很大比例。文章利用事件树分析法对机舱火灾事故编制事件树，由此得出事故链，并在此基础上提出预防和控制船舶机舱火灾事故的措施。     

浅谈钻孔灌注桩的施工要点及常见事故处理

通过论述钻孔灌注桩工程施工工艺,分析了钻孔灌注桩施工的要点及常见事故处理,供同行参考.     

我国职业灾害的概况和对策

从重大恶性事故，职业灾害伤亡总数，职业危害，经济损失４个方面讨论了我国的职业灾害问题，并提出职业灾害控制措施。     

Evaluation of simulation uncertainty in accident reconstruction via combining Response Surface Methodology and Monte Carlo Method

This paper focuses on the uncertainty of simulation results in accident reconstruction. Since the Monte Carlo Method (MCM) requires a large number of simulation runs, in order to reduce the simulation time of MCM in evaluating the uncertainty of simulation results, a new method named “Response Surface-Monte Carlo Method (RS-MCM)” was proposed. Firstly, Response Surface Methodology (RSM) was used to obtain an approximate model of the true accident simulation model, and then the uncertainty of simulation results was evaluated by combining this approximate model and MCM. The steps of RS-MCM include the generation of sample sets, the determination of response surface model and the statistical analysis of simulation results. The distribution of reconstruction results was obtained using RS-MCM, which can provide more comprehensive information in traffic accident survey, such as the probability of a simulation result at any given confidence interval falling within an arbitrary interval and so on. Finally, three cases have been employed to evaluate the effectiveness of the proposed RS-MCM.     

基于片断摆线擦痕的车速估计

从两车侧刮交通事故的实际情况出发，分析了在可能出现的各种相对速度情况下，该类型事故中一车轮胎在另一车车身上刮擦产生的痕迹。提出并推导出了依据轮胎上任一点在车身上遗留的片断摆线擦痕估计两车相对速度的方法和计算步骤。突破了以往同类型事故分析中对刮擦痕迹利用的诸多严格限制。最后给出了在交通事故处理中应用的实例。     

基于优化思想的事故再现碰撞模型研究

建立碰撞模型求解碰撞速度是交通事故再现的关键步骤，现有的大多数碰接模型不具备对冗余的输入参数信息进行优化的能力。本文基于优化思想，充分利用来自事故现场的信息，建立了对应的事故再现碰撞模型，可以实现冗余信息的优化，提高了事故处理的鲁棒性。该方法可用于分析典型的交通事故碰撞速度。