伊拉克美索不达米亚平原软土分布特征及工程性质分析

伊拉克美索不达米亚平原地区分布着厚层状的流塑~软塑状黏性土,主要分布在底格里斯河和幼发拉底河流域,以湖相、沼泽相沉积环境为主。为了查明该区域内软土对拟建"巴士拉-法奥"段铁路路基工程的影响,采取现场调查、地质钻探、原位及室内试验等综合勘探手法,调查研究软土的分布特征及工程性质。研究发现:美索不达米亚平原地区广泛分布的软土具有垂直分布和空间分布特征。在垂直分布上软土的状态受深度控制,一般0~3 m,多呈流塑状,3~15 m呈软塑状,15~25 m呈软塑~硬塑状。且土层盐渍化严重,易溶盐含量从地表往下逐渐减弱,强盐渍土主要分布在地表0~5 m;在空间上具有受地形地貌、降雨量、河流水系、沉积环境等控制的特征。     

The effect of road traffic noise on the prices of residential property – A case study of the polish city of Olsztyn

The key factors that determine the prices of real estate are location, technical standard of property as well as the local environment. In urban agglomerations, road traffic noise has a considerable impact on the purchasing decisions made by apartment buyers. This is a widespread problem in Central-Eastern Europe. The main objective of this study was to verify the working hypothesis that apartment prices are correlated with traffic noise levels in Olsztyn, the capital city of the Region of Warmia and Mazury in north-eastern Poland.The study was carried out in four principal stages. Firstly, traffic noise intensity was determined for apartments (objects of real estate transactions concluded in 2013), based on an acoustic map for the city of Olsztyn. The map was developed in line with the provisions of Directive 2002/49/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 25 June 2002 relating to the assessment and management of environmental noise. Secondly, the values of the Noise Depreciation Sensitivity Index (NDSI) were calculated. NDSI determines the percentage change in property prices per dB increase in noise levels. The distribution of unit prices of apartments was mapped relative to noise levels, and the relationships between the analyzed variables were assessed. Thirdly, linear correlations between the unit prices of apartments and noise levels were analyzed. The strength and direction of relationships between the analyzed parameters were determined based on Pearson’s correlation coefficient. In the last stage, the distribution of the unit prices of apartments was mapped by ordinary kriging, a geostatistical estimation method. The research hypothesis was confirmed by comparing the spatial distribution of traffic noise levels measured in stage 1 with the spatial distribution of apartment prices.     

汽车用滑石填充聚丙烯的力学性能

滑石填充聚丙烯是汽车工业中应用最多的改性聚丙烯材料，能达到改善其性能的目的。文章介绍了聚丙烯材料加入10％，20％，30％，40％滑石填充后的力学性能变化规律，采用试验研究的方法，按照国家标准对其密度、拉伸强度、弯曲强度及冲击韧性等性能进行了测定。结果表明，随着滑石含量的增加，滑石填充聚丙烯的密度不断增大；当滑石含量达到30％，滑石填充聚丙烯的拉伸强度和，中击韧性达到最大值；当滑石含量达到20％时，滑石填充聚丙烯的弯曲强度达到最大值。     

钒对高铬锰白口铸铁组织和性能的影响

探讨了钒以及热处理工艺对高铬锰白口铸铁组织和性能的影响。结果表明:在高铬锰白口铸铁中加入一定数量的钒,能细化晶粒,改善碳化物的形态和分布,提高力学性能。在含钒量为0.25%~0.5%时,热处理温度为1 000℃时,其力学性能最佳。     

城市桥梁声屏障设计研究

文章结合某城市桥梁声屏障设计实例,针对该桥两侧敏感点的分布情况,选择合适类型的声屏障,并通过科学的声学计算,从结构、排水、景观三个方面进行了声屏障设计,对类似项目的声屏障设计有一定的借鉴意义。     

Underwater acoustic imaging: image due to a specular reflector in the geometrical-acoustics limit

In underwater acoustic imaging, which is used to produce high-quality images in turbid waters, a specular reflector can produce a “pseudoimage” of the receiving array at the reflecting surface. Based on the “geometrical approximation” (which is similar to geometrical acoustics), formulae are derived for the size and shape of the pseudoimage for both flat and curved reflectors. For curved reflectors, described by two principal radii of curvature, the formulae also assume the “large-range approximation.” The formulae allow radii of curvature to be determined from an image. Also discussed briefly are some possible extensions and the role of nongeometrical effects.     

复配固化剂对环氧沥青结构和性能的影响

在癸二酸中复配一定质量的甲基四氢苯(MeTHPA)或桐油酸酐(TOA)作为环氧沥青的固化剂,利用拉伸强度、针入度、DSC、DMTA测试,并结合拉伸破坏断面的光学显微镜和SEM分析,研究了复配固化剂对环氧沥青材料力学性能、固化热力学行为、固化体系微观结构等的影响.结果表明:复配固化剂MeTHPA和TOA的加入可以有效提高环氧沥青固化体系的拉伸强度和高温强度,缩短固化反应的诱导期,使固化反应由单独使用癸二酸的两步反应变为一步反应;可以同时提高环氧沥青固化体系中沥青相和环氧树脂相的玻璃化温度,增加固化体系的高温阻尼性能,也会使沥青在环氧树脂中的分散粒径变得不匀,固化体系拉伸断裂时由韧性断裂转为半脆性断裂.相对于复配TOA而言,在癸二酸中复配MeTHPA的影响更明显.     

热再生沥青混合料的疲劳特性研究

针对渝长高速公路废旧沥青混合料,对新拌沥青混合料AC-16和RAP掺量分别为10％,30％,50％的再生AC-16进行长期老化前后的间接拉伸疲劳试验.引入疲劳寿命比Nf(k/n)和疲劳寿命损失率F(k)的概念,对再生沥青混合料疲劳特性的变化规律进行了系统评价.试验结果表明:随RAP掺量的增加,再生沥青混合料的疲劳寿命比降低,且老化后的疲劳寿命比要小于老化前,且疲劳寿命损失率增加.     

国产X52C连续管线管性能及其应用

为了促进国产连续管线管在油田的推广应用,对国产X52C连续管线管的管材性能和应用优势进行了分析.结果表明：管材各项性能指标满足并优于API Spec 5LCP《连续管线管》标准要求,且具有良好的耐蚀性.国产X52C连续管线管作为集输管线管在青海油田涩北气田得到了成功应用,与常规20#无缝钢管相比,作业时间缩减了75％,并降低了施工费用,提高了管线运行的可靠性.连续管线管具有良好的技术和经济优势,将在陆地及海洋集输管线上得到广泛应用.     

单跨复合圬工圆弧拱受力特性分析研究

随着交通量的增大和结构自身承载力的降低,越来越多的石拱桥不能满足使用要求。作为我国重要的文化遗产,石拱桥的保护尤为重要,因此对石拱桥的改造和仿制还原得到了越来越多的应用。石拱桥改造和仿制常采用新的结构体系,在新的结构体系里通常用其他构件和石拱圈协同受力,共同承担外部荷载。改造后的结构是石-混凝土复合拱桥,对于复合拱桥的受力机理,目前研究较少。该文以某石拱桥消险改造工程为背景,研究石-混凝土复合拱桥的受力性能,可供同行参考。