Does the increase of public transit fares deteriorate air quality in Beijing?

Since 2006, Beijing lowered its public transit fares as a way to improve air quality. However, Beijing increased public transportation fare prices from December 28, 2014, and commuters pay for the distance they traveled rather than a flat fare. This paper explores the effect of Beijing public transit fares increase on air quality. We collect daily data of air pollution and weather variables and use synthetic control method of Abadie and Gardeazabal (2003) to select control units. We then estimate a difference-in-differences model and assess the effect of the policy on air quality index (AQI). We find a 16.28% increase in air pollution in short run. However, we find no longer-run effect on air quality.     

运动带钢平面上粘性流体吹扫装置——在宝钢冷轧机组上的应用

本文论述了可用于去除轧制后残存在带钢表面润滑剂的改进型喷嘴吹扫装置，实际应用表明，改进型喷嘴吹扫装置可使带钢表面乳化液斑迹次品率降低，并降低了连轧机组末级出口处的噪声。     

旋风除尘CFD分析

一汽技术中心从2001年开始研制旋风筒式空气预滤器，并利用CFD进行旋风筒的分析与计算。介绍了3种不同结构除尘器的滤清效率比较；同一结构除尘器在不同空气流量下滤清效率比较；除尘器水平、垂直放置对滤清效率的影响；加装旋风除尘器后对发动机功率的影响。     

全垫升式气垫船水压场试验研究

在拖曳水澉中对全垫升式气垫船的水压场进行了系统测量，得到不同水深、不同航速和不同横向位置水底振动压力系统的纵向通过特性曲线，分析总结了气垫船水压场规律。     

船舶空调系统设计新思路-低温送风

如何解决船舶空调系统在船上有限空间内的布置和船舶空调舒适性的矛盾，一直是船舶空调系统设计人员所追求的目标，本文介绍一种低温送风系统，探讨在船舶空调行业中的应用，期望能设计出更好的船舶空调系统。     

汽车空调系统浅谈

随着人们对于汽车乘坐舒适性要求的不断提高,汽车空调得到长足发展,本文对汽车空调的定义、发展历程、工作特点做了说明,并按照动力源和结构形式的不同对其进行了分类,最后着重介绍了汽车空调系统组成及工作过程,介绍结构、工作情况时做到图文并茂,条理清晰,通俗易懂。     

商用车驾驶室悬置系统空气弹簧仿真分析

采用试验数据与仿真分析相结合的方法,通过试验曲线反求空气弹簧的内部特性,同时结合高度调节阀的流量压力控制,可形成系统的实时闭环反馈;将空气弹簧平面模型与某商用车驾驶室悬置系统的3D多体模型进行联合仿真,结果表明,随机路面载荷下的试验与仿真曲线在时域及频域内吻合度较高,可以实时模拟空气弹簧的外输出特性。     

怠速开空调车内噪声的优化

随着人们生活水平的提高,人们对汽车的舒适性有更高的要求。排气系统作为整车的重要组成部分,汽车厂家对其NVH性能也提出了更高的要求。整车怠速工况下,车内的噪声与振动状态是影响整车噪声、振动及平顺性的重要因素,同时影响乘车舒适性。文章以某款车型为例,对车内噪声源及传递路径进行分析,确定了问题产生的主要原因,并提出了相应的优化方案。验证表明车内轰鸣声消除,噪声及振动明显减小,效果良好,为后续应对类似问题提供了方法和思路。     

Effect of open skies in the Middle East region

This research aims to estimate potential inter-regional passenger flows for air transport in the Middle East under open skies polices, once deregulation agreements are reached between neighboring countries. To arrive at reasonable demand estimates, Western and Eastern European demand data was analyzed as a first step, since it is assumed that current Middle Eastern demand is distorted as a direct result of regional political instability. The major factors affecting demand, based on the European dataset, included population size, gross domestic product (GDP) per capita, absolute difference in GDP per capita between two countries, great circle distance and membership of the European Union and World Trade Organization. Subsequently, a 21 country database was estimated for passenger flow in the Middle East region on an average peak season day. The demand estimations became input for a hub location model (p-hub median formulation) in order to achieve the second major aim of this research, objective identification of potential regional gateways. The results proved robust to both single and multiple allocation model assumptions, with Cairo and Tehran consistently achieving hub status, along with Istanbul and Riyadh, as the number of potential hubs increased. Finally, this research shows that under conditions of peace, given existing socio-economic indicators, inter-regional passenger demand flow could increase by upwards of 51% and regulatory authorities ought to consider the necessary infrastructure and demand management policies to enable the conservative regional demand growth estimated.     

Cargo Container Loading Plan Model and Solution Method for International Air Express Carriers

Abstract

In this article, a cargo container loading plan model is developed based on the operations of FedEx, the international air express carrier. The objective is to minimize total container handling cost, subject to related operating constraints. The model is expected to be a useful planning tool whereby international air express carriers such as FedEx can decide on container loading plans that will lead to lower operating costs, thus enhancing profits and market competitiveness. The model is formulated as a non-linear mixed integer program that is characterized as NP-hard. A solution method is then developed, with the use of the mathematical programming solver, CPLEX, to solve the problem efficiently. To evaluate the model and the solution method, we perform a case study using data from FedEx. The preliminary results indicate that the model and the solution method are both efficient and effective.