汽车自动空调的电控系统及其维修

以日本丰田ＬｅｘｕｓＬＳ４００ＵＣＦ１０型汽车用微机控制折自动调系统为例，介绍了汽车自动空调电控系统的组成，以以系统中各元器件的结构、功能及维修方法，并论述了电子控制单元的控制功能和电控系统的自我诊断功能。     

船舶气囊下水工艺实践与发展前景

本文叙述船舶气囊下水新工艺在我国内河中、小型船厂近年来的实践，提出和总结气囊下水工艺有关计算方法和注意事项。鉴于气囊下水新工艺有其独特的优越性，并随着气囊制造质量和下水工艺不断完善提高，气囊下水新工艺必会有较好的发展前景，下水船舶重量期望可提高到2000t。     

浅谈重卡进气系统发展趋势

随着国家对于节能减排的重视程度日益增强,相关法规对整车的排放性能、能耗水平的要求不断提高。进气系统对动力性、经济性、排放性能都有较大影响,因此进气系统的设计是否合理对整车性能能否达成有较大影响。文章以重卡进气系统为例,介绍了进气系统的作用,结构组成,近年来应用的新技术以及未来的发展趋势,文章对进气系统的设计具有一定指导作用。     

凌志400型轿车安全气囊的检修

介绍了丰田凌志４００型轿车安全气囊的组成、工作原理、故障代码的读取和清除，以及安全气囊检修的注意事项。     

弹振对超大型集装箱船疲劳强度的影响

超大型集装箱船在波浪激励下产生的弹振响应使得其疲劳强度问题十分突出。基于三维水弹性理论,结合有限元分析方法计算分析目标船典型节点的应力响应特性。采用双峰谱密度函数的疲劳损伤谱分析理论评估目标船的疲劳强度,通过与刚体理论下的计算结果相对比来分析弹振对目标船的影响。研究结果表明,相比于刚体理论计算结果,考虑弹振效应时目标船的疲劳寿命会极大地降低,甚至可达50%以上。     

基于Matlab/GUI的汽车扭杆弹簧悬架设计

针对扭杆弹簧悬架的设计计算过程繁琐复杂及计算量大的问题,基于扭杆弹簧悬架设计的应用实际,按照布置形式与结构形式的不同进行了扭杆弹簧的设计计算,利用Matlab/GUI模块将设计过程程序化,建立出相应的GUI界面,使设计过程通用化。通过实例运行显示出Matlab软件界面具有很强的实用性。该方法可以方便地进行重复设计,极大提高了工作效率。     

艉轴密封弹簧组热-结构耦合分析

利用ANSYS软件对轴密封弹簧组进行了有限元分析。首先通过MSC．Patran2008将轴密封弹簧组结构进行离散化处理,建立简化的有限元分析模型,并将该模型导入Ansys12．0中进行密封端面温度场分析。通过瞬态分析方法得到运转过程中端面特性的变化状况,进而获得时间响应下轴密封弹簧组的动态特性;通过施加稳态热边界条件,对端面进行稳态分析,更好地掌握轴密封弹簧组热一结构耦合机理,提高轴密封弹簧组抗变工况的能力。数值结果表明了该轴密封结构的实用性。     

Experimental design influences on stated choice outputs: An empirical study in air travel choice

Discrete choice experiments are conducted in the transport field to obtain data for investigating travel behaviour and derived measures such as the value of travel time savings. The multinomial logit (MNL) and other more advanced discrete choice models (e.g., the mixed MNL model) have often been estimated on data from stated choice experiments and applied for planning and policy purposes. Determining efficient underlying experimental designs for these studies has become an increasingly important stream of research, in which the objective is to generate stated choice tasks that maximize the collected information, yielding more reliable parameter estimates. These theoretical advances have not been rigorously tested in practice, such that claims on whether the theoretical efficiency gains translate into practice cannot be made. Using an extensive empirical study of air travel choice behaviour, this paper presents for the first time results of different stated choice experimental design approaches, in which respective estimation results are compared. We show that D-efficient designs keep their promise in lowering standard errors in estimating, thereby requiring smaller sample sizes, ceteris paribus, compared to a more traditional orthogonal design. The parameter estimates found using an orthogonal design or an efficient design turn out to be statistically different in several cases, mainly attributed to more or less dominant alternatives existing in the orthogonal design. Furthermore, we found that small designs with a limited number of choice tasks performs just as good (or even better) than a large design. Finally, we show that theoretically predicted sample sizes using the so-called S-estimates provide a good lower bound. This paper will enable practitioners in better understanding the potential benefits of efficient designs, and enables policy makers to make decisions based on more reliable parameter estimates.     

Much Ado about Nothing? - An analysis of economic impacts and ecologic effects of the EU-emission trading scheme in the aviation industry

From 2012 on, all CO₂ emissions from flights departing from or arriving at airports within the European Union have to be offset. We analyze the economic and ecological impacts that are caused by an inclusion of the aviation industry into the proposed emissions trading scheme (ETS). Building on the now fixed system design we employ a simulation model to estimate the impacts of the scheme. Our results indicate that financial impacts are highly dependant on external settings, such as allowance prices and demand growth. We show that the financial burden on the aviation industry will be rather modest in the first years after the introduction of the system and therefore induce only low competition distortions. Likewise, emission reductions within air transportation will be comparably low. While aviation will induce a decline of emissions in other sectors, significant absolute reductions within air transportation can only be reached by a more restrictive system design.     

某浅变质风化岩失稳边坡的滑动机理分析

浅变质岩风化层岩体破碎,其力学特性特殊,在有限元分析中能取得有效结果的计算模型也不易确定,由理论分析确定的该类岩质失稳边坡滑动面与实际情况存在一定的差异,结合现场测斜管监测,采用有限元分析方法,可对该浅变质岩失稳边坡的滑动面进行确定,再通过在滑动面上施加弹簧单元模拟滑坡的失稳过程,对得到的力学特征的分析得出该类边坡滑动模式主要是以蠕滑-拉裂为主.