蝶形布置油码头平面设计要点

对港口工程设计中常见的蝶形布置油码头进行研究。结合国内外规范要求,采用对比分析法解析码头长度、系缆墩位置和靠船墩位置3个要点。其中,因为船体平直段相对船中的不对称,靠船墩位置是最为重要的设计内容。系缆墩位置不合理,只会影响缆绳受力均匀性和船舶运动量;而靠船墩位置不合理,会导致设计船型范围内的船舶无法安全靠泊。因此,结合某海外5万~30万t油码头,阐述靠船墩位置设计关键点,供港口工程设计人员参考。     

基于二次曲线修正的光纤光栅Bragg波长解调算法

光纤光栅反射波长即光纤光栅Bragg波长的解调技术是光纤Bragg光栅(Fiber Bragg Grating,FBG)实用化的关键技术。针对基于可调谐法布里-珀罗(Fabry-Perot,F-P)滤波器的光纤光栅解调系统,在直线插值法的基础上,提出了二次曲线修正的光纤光栅Bragg波长解调算法,并做了实验研究,达到了提高光纤光栅Bragg波长解调精度的目的。     

银湖矮塔斜拉桥无索区长度分析

结合银湖矮塔斜拉桥 ,分析独塔两跨矮塔斜拉桥边支座无索区长度和塔根无索区长度对活载作用下结构内力及变形的影响 ,得出无索区长度的合理取值范围 ,对进一步认识矮塔斜拉桥的结构性能及同类桥梁的总体布置设计有一定的参考意义。     

优化的无预计算标量乘法算法

标量乘法是椭圆曲线密码的基本运算,也是最耗时的运算,其运算效率直接决定着椭圆曲线密码的性能。本文给出数字集{-1,0,1}上编码简单、具有最小汉明重量、长度最短、平均‘0’间隔长度大的带符号二进制标量表示法,利用直接计算2kQ+P策略,得到高效无预计算标量乘法算法。理论及实例分析表明,所得算法的平均效率比传统NAF方法标量乘法算法高26.1%,能有效提高ECC在存储受限环境的实现效率。     

卡棱贝格道垫的合理取值长度研究

卡棱贝格道垫是一种新型的轨道交通减振降噪产品,它在新建地铁中逐步得到应用,其原理与浮置板式轨道结构相同,其板下橡胶道垫作为整体支承,实际上就是橡胶浮置板轨道结构的一种特殊形式。从卡棱贝格道垫的基本参数入手进行分析,对该种轨道结构形式进行模态分析、静力学分析和动力学分析,得到此种轨道结构形式的自振频率在20 Hz左右,推荐卡棱贝格道垫的合理取值长度为10 m,并对该产品进行合理的安全性能和环境效益评价。     

城际铁路到发线有效长研究

根据到发线有效长的原始定义,提出影响城际铁路到发线有效长的4个组成因素———列车长度、停车余量、安全防护距离、警冲标至绝缘节的距离。针对这4项影响因素逐项进行详细分析,并结合城际铁路设计实际在有到发线中间站、无到发线中间站及尽头式终点站3种车站布置形式下进行实例计算,初步得到了城际铁路到发线在不同组织模式下的有效长度,得出了城际铁路中间站不同布置形式下的到发线有效长。。     

CFG桩复合地基室内模型试验研究

通过CFG桩复合地基的大型室内模型试验,研究褥垫层厚度、桩长、桩间距对CFG桩复合地基沉降和桩土应力比的影响规律。结果表明:复合地基的CFG桩存在扩径现象,且从下至上扩径现象越明显;褥垫层越薄,桩分担荷载越大,桩间土荷载分担比越小;随着褥垫层厚度的增加,桩承担荷载增长趋势变缓,故为充分发挥桩的承载作用,建议合理褥垫层的厚度为20～30cm;在外荷载一定的情况下,桩土应力比随桩长和桩间距的增加而增加,因此在进行复合地基桩间距的设计时,不仅要保证复合地基承载力满足设计要求,而且还要保证加固后地基土的工后沉降量满足规范要求,同时还应充分考虑打桩带来的不利影响。     

双断级滑行艇阻力性能优化方法

阻力性能是双断级滑行艇水动力性能最为重要的内容之一,本文提出一种基于CFD模拟的优化方法,结合艇底斜升角、断级高度、断级总长等因素对某双断级滑行艇进行了静水阻力优化及试验验证。结果表明:CFD计算值与模型试验结果吻合度较高,各因素对艇体阻力均有较为明显的影响,断级高度和断级总长的增大一定程度地增强了双断级滑行艇的滑行效率。优化研究实现了双断级滑行艇阻力系数R/▽低于0.25的技术指标,验证了基于CFD的优化方法的可靠性。     

Simple Lagrangian formulation of bubbly flow in a turbulent boundary layer (bubbly boundary layer flow)

For the theoretical consideration of a system for reducing skin friction, a mathematical model was derived to represent, in a two-phase field, the effect on skin friction of the injection of micro air bubbles into the turbulent boundary layer of a liquid stream. Based on the Lagrangian method, the equation of motion governing a single bubble was derived. The random motion of bubbles in a field initially devoid of bubbles was then traced in three dimensions to estimate void fraction distributions across sections of the flow channel, and to determine local bubble behavior. The liquid phase was modeled on the principle of mixing length. Assuming that the force exerted on the liquid phase was equal to the fluid drag generated by bubble slip, an equation was derived to express the reduction in turbulent shear stress. Corroborating experimental data were obtained from tests using a cavitation tunnel equipped with a slit in the ceiling from which bubbly water was injected. The measurement data provided qualitative substantiation of the trend shown by the calculated results with regard to the skin friction ratio between cases with and without bubble injection as function of the distance downstream from the point of bubble injection.List of symbols B law of wall constant - C _f local coefficient of skin friction - C _f0 local coefficient of skin friction in the absence of bubbles - d _b bubble diameter [m] - g acceleration of gravity [m/s²] - k ₁ k₄ proportional coefficient - k _L turbulent energy of the liquid phase [m²/s²] - L representative length [m] - l _b mean free path of a bubble [m] - m _A added mass of a single bubble [kg] - m _b mass of a single bubble [kg] - N _x ,N _y ,N _z force perpendicular to the wall or ceiling exerted on a bubble adhering to that wall or ceiling [N] - P absolute pressure [Pa] - Q _G rate of air supply [/min] - q _L ⁽ⁱ⁾ turbulent velocity at the ith time increment [m/s] - R> _ex Reynolds number defined by Eq. 32 - T _*L integral time scale of the liquid phase [s] - U velocity of the main stream [m/s] - ,¯v,¯w time-averaged velocity components [m/s] - u,v,w turbulent velocity components [m/s] - û _L ,v_L root mean square values of liquid phase turbulence components in thex- and y-directions [m/s] - V volume of a single bubble [m³] - X,Y,Z components of bubble displacement [m] - x _s ,y _s ,z _s coordinate of a random point on a sphere of unit diameter centered at the coordinate origin - root mean square of bubble displacement in they-direction in reference to the turbulent liquid phase velocity [m] - local void fraction - _m mean void fraction in a turbulent region - regular random number - R _v increment of the horizontal component of the force acting on a single bubble, defined by Eq. 22 [N] - t time increment [s] - ₁ reduction of turbulent stress [N/m²] - _L rate of liquid energy dissipation [m²/s³] - _m coefficient defined by Eq. 30 - law of wall constant in the turbulent region in absence of bubbles - ₁ law of wall constant in the turbulent region in presence of bubbles     

铁路隧道定额工区长度和通风管线路工程量计算规则探讨

为统一定额中隧长、换算隧长、全隧长等概念应用,2017年版《铁路隧道工程预算定额》引入工区长度的概念,但在不同的施工组织条件下,其理解的差异会导致定额套用的偏差。采用最大独头距离法、换算隧长法、定积分理论法等不同计算方法对长隧短打隧道工区长度计算原理进行分析,探讨工区长度和通风及管线路工程量计算规则在应用中存在的问题,提出简捷实用的计算方法和原则,论证隧道通过段工区长度应按双倍计算的理论依据,并提出通风及管线路工程量计算的"据实配置,合理分摊"原则及针对施工组织的具体分析计算方法。