康家楼隧道突水突泥原因分析与处治措施

康家楼隧道施工中,由于断层破碎带及地下水的影响,左洞施工至ZK71+215处时,发生突水突泥事故,并形成坍塌。从事故发生的原因、经过、处治方案等进行了详细的阐述,并总结了经验和教训。     

多球交接耐压壳结构优化问题的研究

文章对多球交接耐压壳的结构优化问题进行了研究.通过对一系列双球交接耐压壳进行非线性有限元分析,总结了双球交接耐压壳的两种典型破坏模式.在此基础上,提出了多球交接耐压壳结构优化问题的数学模型,并对不同材料的耐压壳进行了结构优化.优化的结果表明,交接角的大小对最优化结构的重量影响十分微小,而在相同的工作深度下,某钛合金材料耐压壳的最优结构具有最小的重量.此外,文中还对多球交接耐压壳的结构形式进行了推广,提出了三种新的多球交接形式.     

基于法矢量的三角形折叠简化算法

文中提出一个基于三角形折叠的简化算法,此算法利用三角形顶点的邻接三角形折叠前后的单位法向量变化大小来判定三角形三个顶点中的关键顶点,并将两个非关键顶点向关键顶点进行折叠以达到简化效果。实验证明,完整的简化算法可以在保持模型外观的同时有效的降低模型的规模。     

小导管双液注浆在处理隧道坍方中的应用

某高速公路隧道穿越富含水的破碎带时发生坍塌,施工中采用小导管辅以双液注浆止水加固,采取预留核心土环形分部开挖的处理方案,对坍方具体方案进行论述,并对施工要点进行了详细介绍。     

隧道塌方原因剖析及工程对策

塌方是隧道施工中常见事故。阐述了隧道塌方的机理,从地质、设计、施工技术及管理等方面分析了隧道塌方的原因,并从洞口与洞内两方面论述了隧道塌方的处理方案,提出的工程对策,可为类似工程提供参考。     

深埋大断面隧道土石复合地层塌方机制及处置措施评价

针对黄陵—韩城—侯马铁路如意隧道施工通过土石复合地层时隧道围岩塌方事故,分析塌方的影响因素及机制,提出"管棚+小导管注浆"加固围岩以及增大初期支护和二衬的施工参数等处置措施;通过现场监测和三维数值模拟方法评价处置措施的效果。结果表明:复杂地层、围岩软弱、地下水是引发塌方的主要因素;由于土石复合地层和地下水的影响,使隧道拱部产生了较大的附加荷载,导致拱顶岩体鼓起破坏,进一步发展为掌子面拱部大范围的失稳破坏;对塌方地段隧道处置后,实测的拱顶沉降和水平收敛位移分别为26和30mm,拱顶初期支护与围岩之间的压力为128kPa,数值模拟的拱顶沉降从662mm下降到47mm,洞周的塑性区减小到原设计方案的63%,表明采用该处置措施有效地控制了围岩的压力和变形,降低了施工风险;在隧道施工中应注重掌子面的超前加固。     

黄土地区地铁隧道不同湿陷变形方式模型试验系统的研制及应用研究

为研究不同湿陷变形方式下黄土地区地铁隧道周围土体的沉降量变化规律,研制出一种测量黄土在均匀湿陷、不均匀湿陷时沉降量的模型试验装置。该装置由模型箱、流速控制系统和沉降量测量系统组成。通过室内模型试验对黄土在遇水后的湿陷变形规律进行总结,并对黄土地层在两种不同浸水方式下隧道围岩土体的变形规律进行分析。试验结果表明:不均匀湿陷最终累计沉降量大于均匀湿陷最终累计沉降量,说明不均匀湿陷对地铁结构物的危害更大;两种湿陷变形方式均为隧道中线附近沉降最大,因此,施工时应该重点加强隧道中线的位移监测。通过室内模型试验,分析了均匀与不均匀湿陷对黄土地铁隧道变形影响,研究结果对湿陷性黄土地区地铁隧道建设中施工把控及灾害规避具有重要意义。     

Methodology for the simulation of a ship's damage stability and ultimate strength conditions following a collision

This paper presents a methodology called SHARC developed for the simulation and analysis of a ship's damage stability and ULS conditions following a collision. SHARC combines three types of methods: advanced nonlinear finite element simulations that simulate the collision scenario, a dynamic damage stability simulation tool called SIMCAP, and a modified Smith method for the ULS analysis of a collision-damaged ship structure. The novelty of the presented methodology is that it can be used for real-time simulations to study the ingress of water through the damage opening of a struck vessel and how it affects the ship's stability, structural integrity (ULS) and survival capability against, e.g., capsizing. The results for an intact and a damaged oil tanker under noncorroded and corroded structural conditions and various sea states are presented to demonstrate the features of SHARC.     

既有铁路岩溶路基病害分析及处理

岩溶路基病害造成的岩溶塌陷和不均匀沉降对既有铁路的运行安全造成巨大的威胁,通过辛泰铁路工程实例,分析既有铁路岩溶路基病害产生的原因;结合渗入性灌浆的原理来说明岩溶路基处理的深度、宽度、注浆压力、注浆孔间距、注浆材料及注浆结束标准等,达到了根治路基病害的目的。     

波浪中船体梁后极限强度特性的实验评估(英文)

Experimental investigations into the collapse behavior of a box-shape hull girder subjected to extreme wave-induced loads are presented.The experiment was performed using a scaled model in a tank.In the middle of the scaled model,sacrificial specimens with circular pillar and trough shapes which respectively show different bending moment-displacement characteristics were mounted to compare the dynamic collapse characteristics of the hull girder in waves.The specimens were designed by using finite element(FE)-analysis.Prior to the tank tests,static four-point-bending tests were conducted to detect the load-carrying capacity of the hull girder.It was shown that the load-carrying capacity of a ship including reduction of the capacity after the ultimate strength can be reproduced experimentally by employing the trough type specimens.Tank tests using these specimens were performed under a focused wave in which the hull girder collapses under once and repetitive focused waves.It was shown from the multiple collapse tests that the increase rate of collapse becomes higher once the load-carrying capacity enters the reduction path while the increase rate is lower before reaching the ultimate strength.