单线铁路CTCS-2级列控系统设计应用研究

CTCS-2级列控系统主要应用于双线铁路,在单线铁路中尚无工程应用先例,为解决单线铁路CTCS-2级列控系统应用存在的问题,在符合现行规范、不修改列控车载设备的前提下提出CTCS-2级列控系统总体方案。通过单线铁路与双线铁路的差异性对比分析,结合CTCS-2级列控系统功能需求,对闭塞方式、轨道电路配置、应答器设置、临时限速管理等特殊技术问题进行了研究并提出了解决方案。研究表明:CTCS-2级列控系统应用于时速200～250 km单线铁路能够实现列车高速安全运行。     

基于滑模控制的卡尔曼滤波在列车定位中的研究

为了提高城市轨道交通中轮轴速度传感器与加速度计组合定位的精度,提出一种基于滑模控制的改进卡尔曼滤波算法。对于组合定位来说,由于卡尔曼滤波不能很好地修正加减速过程中的空转打滑误差,考虑到滑模控制器的滑动模态与系统的参数及扰动无关,提出采用基于滑模控制的改进卡尔曼滤波来进一步降低误差。其基本思路是应用指数趋近律滑模变结构来改善里程计算值,然后再进行卡尔曼滤波。并利用仿真软件对上述过程进行验证,仿真结果表明:基于滑模控制的改进卡尔曼滤波算法,能够在一定程度上减小空转打滑误差,进一步提高定位的精度。最后通过与其他卡尔曼滤波改进算法对比,得出基于滑模控制的卡尔曼滤波方法结构更为简单,也能保证一定的精度。     

Analyzing passenger train arrival delays with support vector regression

We propose machine learning models that capture the relation between passenger train arrival delays and various characteristics of a railway system. Such models can be used at the tactical level to evaluate effects of various changes in a railway system on train delays. We present the first application of support vector regression in the analysis of train delays and compare its performance with the artificial neural networks which have been commonly used for such problems. Statistical comparison of the two models indicates that the support vector regression outperforms the artificial neural networks. Data for this analysis are collected from Serbian Railways and include expert opinions about the influence of infrastructure along different routes on train arrival delays.     

Port-city exhaust emission model: An application to cruise and ferry operations in Las Palmas Port

Exhaust emissions cause air pollution and climate change. The exhausts of shipboard fuel combustion are equally damaging particularly, so close to the environmentally sensitive mainland and island coasts, as well as at ports due to their urbanized character. This paper estimates, for the first time, exhaust pollutants related to cruise and ferry operations in Las Palmas Port and, in an island context. Emission assessment is based on a full bottom-up model and messages transmitted by the Automatic Identification System during 2011. Results are described as a breakdown of NOx, SOx, PM_2.5, CO and CO₂, according to ship classes, operative type and time, providing valuable information to environmental policy makers in port-city areas and islands under similar conditions. It is generally concluded that vessel traffic and passenger shipping in particular are a source of air pollution in Las Palmas Port. Emission maps confirm location of hot spots in quays assigned for cruise and ferry operations. Policy recommendations encourage regular monitoring of exhaust emissions and market-based incentives supported by details on polluting and operative profiles. On the other hand, feasibility studies are suggested for automated mooring, LNG bunkering facilities and also shore-side energy services, prioritizing berthing of shipping sectors (or sub-sectors) with the highest share of exhaust emissions once their local effects have been confirmed by a dispersion, exposure and impact assessment.     

CTCS2+ATO列控车载设备测试平台设计

列车运行控制系统测试平台是列车运行控制系统研发、生产及调试的重要支撑。通过分析车载设备的测试需求,提出测试平台解决方案,并进行了设计实现。研究成果可为城际铁路列控系统的测试提供一定的参考。     

Structural relationships among shipper’s perception,value, and choice intention of Korea–China train ferry service

ABSTRACT

The logistics environment between China and Korea has been changing rapidly in line with the ‘Go West’ policy of international trade and logistics area. The policy includes the BRI, Western Development Strategy, and Korea–China FTA. Against this background, the Korea–China train ferry (KCTF) is being newly illuminated as an alternative mode to cope with the logistics environment between Korea and China. One of the key success factors of the KCTF depends on, among others, shippers’ perception, which will affect the choice and the successful operation of the KCTF. From this perspective, this paper develops seven hypotheses based on the Theory of Reasoned Action (TRA) and Technology Acceptance Model (TAM). We test these hypotheses using Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) to explore the structural relationship between shippers’ behavioral beliefs influencing the perceived usefulness, the attitude toward and intention to choose the KCTF. The test results confirm that among the behavioral beliefs, transport accessibility in association with an efficient network of inland roads and railway networks is an important prerequisite. In addition, we verified a high statistical significance in the structural relationships among perceived usefulness, the attitude toward and the intention to choose the KCTF.     

监理在农村公路建设中的作用

沥青路面平整度受底基层、基层表面施工的直接影响，严格控制基层、底基层平整度，严格控制面层施工，消除各种因素（如设备匹配、摊铺、碾压及施工温度等）对面层平整度的影响，来确保沥青路面平整度。     

基于列控车载设备制动曲线的高速列车牵引计算平台

为了检算铁路客运专线闭塞分区长度与列控系统的符合性,设计基于列控车载设备制动曲线的高速列车牵引计算平台。采用HTML,CSS,JavaScript,Vue.js,Node.js和Koa等Web技术进行开发,使用MySQL作为后端数据库,构建B/S架构应用平台,包括基础数据处理、列车运行仿真、列车追踪间隔时间计算、闭塞分区检算和统计分析5个功能模块。其中,列车运行仿真模块为牵引计算平台的核心,由线路信息、列车动力学模型、列控车载设备制动曲线算法和速度控制组成;列控车载设备制动曲线算法具备列车超速防护功能,根据移动授权和列车速度距离信息生成允许速度和制动指令,实现列车运行仿真的闭环处理。选取京沪高速铁路列控工程数据和CRH3A型动车组参数进行列车牵引计算,得到高速铁路列车追踪间隔时间,验证闭塞分区设计长度满足列控车载设备制动距离要求。结果表明:该平台可用于闭塞分区长度符合性检算,从而验证闭塞分区设计与列控系统的匹配性。     

我国客货共线铁路列车荷载图式深化研究

随着我国高速铁路网建设和投入运营,通过高效利用既有客货共线铁路发展重载运输是铁路货运发展的主要方向之一。既有客货共线铁路是货运网络的主体,由于受既有设计列车荷载标准制约,为避免大范围改造线路基础设施,铁路通用货车宜定位为轴重270 k N、载重800 k N级;新建客货共线铁路桥涵结构应能适应大轴重铁路通用货车的开行要求。根据铁路货运机车和车辆的作用特征、货车每延米重与轴重不同比增长关系等因素,为提高设计列车荷载图式对中小跨度桥涵结构和影响线加载长度短的杆(构)件加载效应,同时避免过大荷载等级系数z的取值,将中-活载(2005)图式中特种荷载集中力量值由250 k N修订为280 k N。     

数据挖掘技术在行车调整中的应用研究

在对行车调整问题进行分析的基础上,结合数据挖掘技术,采用决策树的方法,以寻找连带晚点时间总和最小的调整策略为目标,对以往积累的与运行图相关的数据资源进行分析重构,寻找各故障模式下较优的行车调整策略,并对数据挖掘模型的运行机制进行了论述。该模型在实验室中得到了应用,并取得了良好的效果。