船载框架式整平器扫浅性能分析

国内疏浚工程趋向大型化、精细化发展,基床平整度要求越来越高。针对莱州港5万吨级航道工程,基于“航工301”小型整平船,建立CFD仿真模型,分析船载框架式整平器作用时船舶在各浪向下的水动力性能,分析对孤立浅点和浅点集中区域采取的不同施工工艺的经济效果,并进行海上试验。结果表明:在整平器的作用下,船舶的运动幅值响应算子总体较小,船舶稳定性较高;独立浅点沿2个方向过线,单边受力时,多向过线效果较好;在浅点集中区域,以S线型走线结合多方向过线,由浅至深逐段扫浅;施工周期内节省燃油约103 t、淡水约112.5 t,浅点扫除率达100%,效果显著。     

亚帆中心工程环抱形防波堤掩护效果及护面块体稳定性试验研究

针对工程环抱形防波堤平面布置方案,利用整体物理模型试验手段进行了验证。结果表明:1)掩护后传入港内波峰线发生了偏转和波能集中,致使码头局部泊稳条件不满足标准要求。将位轴线顺时针旋转15°,与波峰线平行优化布置后,则满足。2)根据越堤波浪是否冲击港内码头轴线标准,论证10.0、10.5、11.0 m共3个防波提高程掩护体,得出11.0 m是可行的。3)防波堤外侧质量6 t护面块体失稳,经多次优化后采用质量10 t则稳定,弧形转弯处勾连性护面块体受侧向波浪力作用比受正向波浪力偏于危险。4)将试验结果与规范公式计算值进行对比,前者均大,因此对于弧形转弯段的处理应给予关注,尽量遵循规范要求轴线夹角的相关规定。5)试验再次验证了三维港池整体物理模型试验在防波堤稳定性、越浪量和优化设计方面的必要性。     

双层扭王字块护面在深水防波堤结构中的应用

为加强恶劣海况下深水防波堤护面稳定性和结构安全性,根据最新规范规定和试验研究结果,对防波堤原设计方案的护面结构形式进行优化调整。采用双层扭王字块护面结构,利用人工块体代替超大质量规格的块石,并提出实施过程中保证深水防波堤工程护面块体质量的施工控制要点。结果表明,双层扭王字块护面既解决了大规格石料供应问题,又提高了深水防波堤护面结构的稳定性。     

基于碳化硅器件的高频化高效率船用变频器

碳化硅器件的应用能够显著减小电力电子变换器的重量、体积、成本,大幅提升电力电子系统的性能。本文基于碳化硅器件的高频化高效率船用变频器设计,采用电压源型双PWM交-直-交变频器系统拓扑结构,前级整流部分和后级逆变均使用最新一代碳化硅器件,提出有源前端(AFE)变频器系统拓扑结构、整流与逆变系统控制策略,以及主电路参数计算方法。系统仿真和试验结果表明,该设计方式是实现船用变频器高性能、小型化的有效技术途径。     

地铁隧道上方EPS轻质泡沫块桥坡填筑施工技术

EPS块即聚苯乙烯泡沫块,是一种轻质路基填料,具有超轻性、自立性、耐水性、施工简便等特点;同时EPS块可有效减轻路堤荷载,减少桥头路堤沉降,避免桥头跳车的发生。结合杨高路民生路跨线桥的桥坡填筑,对EPS轻质泡沫块的施工技术进行介绍和分析,并提出相应的技术措施。     

Using on-board logging devices to study the longer-term impact of an eco-driving course

In this paper the long-term impact of an eco-driving training course is evaluated by monitoring driving behavior and fuel consumption for several months before and after the course. Cars were equipped with an on-board logging device that records the position and speed of the vehicle using GPS tracking as well as real time as electronic engine data extracted from the controller area network. The data includes mileage, number of revolutions per minute, position of the accelerator pedal, and instantaneous fuel consumption. It was gathered over a period of 10 months for 10 drivers during real-life conditions thus enabling an individual drive style analysis. The average fuel consumption four months after the course fell by 5.8%. Most drivers showed an immediate improvement in fuel consumption that was stable over time, but some tended to fall back into their original driving habits.     

驾驶人安全意识体验式训练装置研究

通过对目前常用驾驶人安全意识培训方法的对比,认为体验式培训为最适合的培训方法;进一步对我国2007-2010年间大型道路交通事故特征进行分析,得出驾乘人员不系安全带是引起人员伤亡一大原因。通过设计研发碰撞、翻转两个体验式训练装置,使驾乘人员在保证安全的前提下真切感受道路交通事故发生瞬间安全带对人体的保护作用,有效提高驾驶人的安全意识,减少道路交通事故的发生及人员的伤亡。     

Intermittent automatic train protection using an infrared system

Automatic train protection (ATP) is a vital part of the signalling system that prevents collisions between trains, especially on densely trafficked lines. Conventionally, ATP uses a transponder to communicate between an onboard train device and a trackside device. In Indonesia, ATP is not yet implemented and all trains are currently operated by drivers. It has now become a necessity to install ATP in Indonesia in order to protect train operations. However, as in many tropical and developing countries there are some environmental problems, especially heavy rain, as well as the theft of trackside equipment that influences performance. Installed trackside devices must therefore meet certain criteria such as low-cost configuration, minimalized devices on the track, ease of maintenance, etc. To address the necessity of ATP and to meet these criteria for trackside devices, we develop ATP using an infrared system. This type of ATP – the intermittent ATP system – consists of onboard devices and infrared sensors as trackside equipment. This approach to ATP offers a cost-effective solution and ensures the safety of train movements.     

封堵三通卡球原因分析及封堵设备改进设计

文中简述了某天然气管道A站-B站段内检测通球过程中封堵三通处出现的卡堵问题,结合通球、封堵等工程实践,对卡球原因进行了分析,发现了塞堵的设计缺陷,通过理论计算提出了塞堵的优化设计,解决了塞堵无旋转限位的问题,并对优化设计后期实践应用可能存在的问题提出了解决办法,对天然气管道带压封堵、通球,提高输气效率等具有参考意义。     

带卸荷板的方块码头墙身位移对墙后土压力的影响

土压力与挡土墙体的位移密切相关,现行规范中采用主动土压力理论计算带卸荷板的方块码头墙后土压力是不完全准确的。根据此类码头结构特点,对地基条件好、基床厚度薄的方块码头墙身位移特性进行论述,对规范方法提出修正意见。依托于某工程实例,采用数值分析方法对码头墙身位移和墙后土压力进行模拟,并与规范公式计算结果进行对比,得出墙底处修正系数可取1.84,卸荷板处可取1.34,可为类似特点的工程土压力计算提供参考。