现代铁路列车跟踪与定位技术的研究

通过对国内外现代铁路列车跟踪与定位技术的研究,提出适合我国国情的基于全球定位系统和铁路无线通信网络的现代铁路列车跟踪与定位的系统方案,并结合具体试验验证其可行性与可靠性.     

西北铁路建设经营的政府补贴问题研究

本文运用实证调查、对比分析方法,揭示了西北铁路建设运营成本的区域性差异。研究认为西北铁路是我国铁路网中公益性最强的板块,是政府发挥作用弥补市场失灵的领域。本文对青藏铁路公司、乌鲁木齐铁路局、兰州铁路局（以下简称“西三局”）的现场调研数据加以整理分析,在阐述政府与市场关系基础上,提出了建立西北铁路建设经营补贴机制的相关建议。     

太阳辐射与青藏线列车运行时刻关联性研究

考虑青藏线（格-拉段）高海拔、强太阳辐射的气候特征,计算了沿线不同地区月平均太阳辐射强度,并与文献结果进行了比对.获得了列车行经不同站点时单位时间车身表面吸收的太阳辐射量及一个运行周期内吸收的太阳辐射总量,分析了各次列车对太阳辐射吸收量存在差异的原因.另外,从节能与出行便利性的角度对目前各次列车运行时刻的合理性进行了探讨.     

Monitoring Aircraft Turnaround Operations – Framework Development,Application and Implications for Airline Operations

Abstract

A real-time operation monitoring system – Aircraft Turnaround Monitoring System – is developed based on a system framework to monitor aircraft turnaround operations at an airport. Mobile computing devices (PDAs) and wireless network technology General Packet Radio Service (GPRS) are used to implement the real-time monitoring system for an airline. System implementation and test results indicate that real-time operation monitoring can potentially reduce delays occurring from airline operations. Proactive measures can be taken immediately by ground handling staff to reduce delays, once the risk of delays and potential delay propagation is identified. The availability of detailed operating data can help airlines identify the root delay causes from complex connections among aircraft, flight/cabin crew and passengers. In addition, these operating data also shed some light on the future development of aircraft routing algorithms in order to consider explicitly stochastic disruptions and delay propagation in airline schedule planning.     

城际公交效果评估及运营机制研究

随着我国都市圈、城市群的快速崛起,城际公交已成为交通服务社会、方便居民出行、促进区域经济协调发展的重要载体。本文阐述了城际公交的内涵、特征及其发展运营现状,并对其当前实施效果进行了评估。在此基础上,深入剖析了制约其发展的经营模式、管理体制以及法规制度等“瓶颈”问题,提出规范和促进城际公交发展的政策建议,以促进城际公交科学发展、安全发展、可持续发展。     

Solving train formation problem using simulated annealing algorithm in a simplex framework

The train formation plan (TFP) determines the train services and their frequencies and assigns the demands. The TFP models are often formulated as a capacitated service network design problem, and the optimal solution is normally difficult to find. In this paper, a hybrid algorithm of the Simplex method and simulated annealing is proposed for the TFP problem. The basic idea of the proposed algorithm is to use a simulated annealing algorithm to explore the solution space, where the revised Simplex method evaluates, selects, and implements the moves. In the proposed algorithm, the neighborhood structure is based on the pivoting rules of the Simplex method that provides an efficient method to reach the neighbors of the current solution. A state‐of‐the‐art method is applied for parameters tuning by using the design of experiments approach. To evaluate the proposed model and the solution method, 25 test problems have been simulated and solved. The results show the efficiency and the effectiveness of the proposed approach. The proposed approach is implemented to develop the TFP in the Iranian railway as a case study. It is possible to save significant time and cost through solving the TFP problem by using the proposed algorithm and developing the efficient TFP plan in the railway networks. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

软土盾构隧道芳纶布加固机理和效果研究

运营盾构隧道的横向收敛变形直接关系到隧道的结构安全,粘贴芳纶布是常用的隧道变形整治加固方法之一,然而目前对其加固机理和加固效果还不明确。论文利用数值模拟方法,以隧道横向收敛变形和接缝张开量为指标,探讨了芳纶布对隧道横向变形的加固机理和加固效果;针对芳纶布粘贴时机与粘贴层数对加固效果的影响进行了参数影响分析。研究发现,粘贴芳纶布能有效地限制隧道横向收敛和接头变形,但芳纶布加固效果受隧道变形程度的影响,即隧道变形越小,加固效果越好;增加芳纶布粘贴层数,可以显著提高加固效果,最佳加固层数为2~3层。     

论公路桥梁施工安全

我国经济建设的不断发展为工程建设事业提供了更加广阔的空间,特别是在公路桥梁的建设方面有了更加明显的体现,但是在桥梁工程的施工过程中,仍然存在着很多安全问题,这不仅仅影响到了公路桥梁的安全运营,并且严重威胁了人们的生命财产安全.鉴于此,结合实践经验,对公路桥梁的施工安全控制进行了深入探究,分析桥梁在施工过程存在的一些安全问题,并提出一些解决办法.     

钝头列车加装底罩结构的减阻效果分析

为减少钝头列车的气动阻力,对车头圆顶、车体底罩、车间风挡的假想模型进行数值模拟计算。结果表明:钝头列车加装车体底罩及车头前部圆顶等结构,并以高于100km/h的速度运行时,减阻效果良好,行驶速度越高,减阻效果越明显。     

铁路分局货车动态分析系统

针对铁路分局货车统计的现状,设计开发了站-段-分局三级统计应用系统,实现了分局货车甩挂、在途和运行分析等的计算机处理,同时为通用系统提供了统计数据源.