Image analysis of aggregate, mastic and air void phases for asphalt mixture

The shape characterization and spatial distribution of aggregate,mastic and air void phases for asphalt mixture were analyzed.Three air void percentage asphalt mixtures,4%,7% and 8%,respectively,were cut into cross sections and polished.X-ray scanning microscope was used to capture aggregate,mastic,air void phase by the image.The average of polygon diameter was chosen as a threshold to determine which aggregates would be retained on a given sieve.The aggregate morphological image from scanned image was utilized by digital image processing method to calculate the gradation of aggregate and simulate the real gradation.Analysis result shows that the air void of asphalt mixture has influence on the correlation between calculation gradation and actual gradation.When comparing 4.75 mm sieve size of 4%,7% and 8% air void asphalt mixtures,7% air void asphalt mixture has 55% higher than actual size gradation,8% air void asphalt mixture has 8% higher than actual size gradation,and 4% air void asphalt mixture has 3.71% lower than actual size gradation.4% air void asphalt mixture has the best correlation between calculation gradation and actual gradation comparing to other specimens.The air void percentage of asphalt mixture has no obvious influence on the air void orientation,and three asphalt mixtures show the similar air orientation along the same direction.     

信号处理在舰船目标识别中研究发展综述

舰船目标识别系统是现代智能水中兵器的神经中枢和关键技术,为全面了解现代舰船目标识别技术的基本原理功能和发展现状。全面系统地介绍了二十多年来国内外舰船目标识别技术的发展历程和成果,重点阐述了诸如谱分析、小波分析、混沌时间序列分析等现代信号处理技术在舰船目标识别中的发展。最后对未来舰船目标识别技术的发展方向和思路表达了认识和看法,以期共同推进舰船目标信号的特征提取和识别技术的进一步发展。     

Freight Data Assembling and Modeling: Methodologies and Practice

Abstract

In comparison to personal travel, freight movements within large metropolitan areas are much less studied. Most conventional transportation models and planning analysis that disregarded freight flows have been criticized on the plausibility of their results and conclusions. To alleviate these problems, this study proposes a non-survey based approach to assemble and process freight data in a systematic way. A freight origin–destination (OD) matrix of freight flows can be developed using secondary data sources. The estimated freight flows can be loaded together with conventional passenger flows onto the regional highway network of a large metropolitan area. As a case study, this non-survey based approach was applied to build a freight OD and study the traffic flows in Los Angeles. It concluded that this approach can be used to analyze urban freight movement in a low-cost way in which planning agencies can overcome the common omission of freight flow information in their transportation plans.     

基于激光摄影测量方法的地铁限界检测系统研究*

限界检测系统主要采用激光摄影测量方法快速实现地铁限界非接触式检测,检测系统采用激光摄像式传感器实时采集隧道断面图像,通过对激光摄像式传感器非线性模型进行标定从而建立空间物体与摄像机图像像素之间映射关系,实现隧道断面上待测目标点的距离测量。针对系统中激光光条图像的处理,先后采用图像预处理算法提高图像处理效率,Sobel算子提取激光光条边缘,利用 Sobel算子提供的光条梯度信息经脊线跟踪法实现光条中心亚像素提取,提高检测系统精度。利用研制出的地铁限界检测系统进行现场试验和精度验证。试验表明,地铁限界检测系统能够满足地铁限界高精度检测需求,能够为地铁安全运行发挥重要作用。     

海上搜救立法中的制度设计

内河航道整治的主要手段是通过建设护岸并对墙前土方进行水下疏浚来达到航道等级标准,护岸工程质量优劣不仅在于护岸本身的砌筑量,更要在于护岸的地基处理,下面就护岸的地基处理谈一些认识。     

嵌入式VDR系统语音处理卡的研制

语音处理卡是船舶航行数据记录仪（Voyage Data Recorder，简称VDR）中针对语音信号的一个子系统。研制时，在硬件方面，对基于AC48304C-C核心芯片的系统结构及其电路原理图进行了设计；软件方面，采用了面向对象的模块化设计，在VxWorks操作系统Tomado开发环境下运用C＋＋语言编制了语音卡的功能程序。它实现了多路模拟语音的采集和压缩。     

混凝土外观质量智能评判技术

将图像处理与模式识别技术相结合,探讨基于图像识别的混凝土外观质量评价的新方法。通过混凝土外观图像样本,对图像进行淡化、强化、纹理、扩散、不同色度的处理,提取能反映图片中外观缺陷特点的参数,运用智能评定系统进行便捷、可靠的分析。开发了智能评判软件。     

Towards a practical method to establish comparable values of travel time savings from stated choice experiments with differing design dimensions

Individual’s process the information in stated choice (SC) experiments in many different ways. In order to accommodate decisions rules that are used in processing information, there is good sense in conditioning the parameterisation of stated choice design attributes on these rules. In particular, rules might be invoked to cope with the dimensionality of the SC design. In this paper, we investigate the impact of rules such as attribute aggregation and reference dependency on preference profiles for specific design attributes, as well as the design specification, as we vary the dimensionality of an SC design. The heteroscedastic extreme value logit model is estimated to identify the role of design dimensionality and attribute processing rules, after accounting for scale differences across sixteen pooled data designs The empirical evidence, drawn from a study in Sydney of car commuter route choice, suggests that accounting for the way that stated choice designs are processed, given their dimensionality, does make a statistically significant difference on measures of willingness to pay, as does accounting for scale differences between pooled data designs. This evidence has practical value in guiding the design of SC experiments and in adjusting results from different SC designs when comparing the evidence. We propose a simple adjustment formula to use in adjusting VTTS from different studies so that they are comparable. From a practical policy perspective, the evidence sends a warning about the risk of undervaluing mean VTTS if the attribute processing rules are not accounted for.     

基于DSP的话音系统设计及语音处理算法实现

介绍了一种基于802．3以太网协议传输话音和数据的局域通信系统的设计。该通信系统采用两块TI公司的54、系列芯片构成主从连接方式，作为通信系统信号处理与控制平台，通过系统功能要求可实现重配置以及相应应用软竺的可选择下载执行。为保证话音与数据通信的可靠性与实时性，由5416负责话音的采集与处理，实现了包括语音检测、语音编解码、回声消除、自适应降噪等语音处理算法。系统工作情况表明，达到了设计要求。     

论遥感数据的模糊不确定性及基于Rough集的处理方法

从遥感信息的处理过程、遥感信息的本身特点以及遥感成像3个方面论证遥感数据的不确定性。造成遥感数据不确定性的主要因素包括:图像的几何畸变、传感器系统工作不稳定、遥感数据分类的准确率、遥感统计模式识别、外界条件影响、误差积累等。遥感数据模糊不确定性则来自于数据边界判别、数据的复杂性、遥感成像技术水平和遥感影像解释等方面。提出用Rough集理论处理遥感数据的模糊不确定性的方法,并以一矿区的TM图像为例,分析开采沉陷形态。分析结果与实地情况吻合,表明用Rough集理论处理,简单直观,结果更具有科学性和合理性。