Estimation of nonlinear long-term extremes of hull girder loads in ships

This paper deals with a estimation of long-term extreme value for a given return period, say D=100 yr. In principle, this response is obtained by combining the response in all the sea states. The long-term response for a linear system can be effectively obtained by determining the response for each sea state, specified by the significant wave height, H_s, and the peak period, T_p, in the frequency domain. However, if the response is nonlinear, time domain simulation and a long time series would be required, to limit statistical uncertainty. Therefore, the long-term analysis becomes rather complicated and time consuming. For the long-term analysis, it is crucial to introduce ways to improve the efficiency in the calculation. In this work, it is shown that, the long-term extremes can be estimated by considering only a few short-term sea states. A long-term analysis based on identifying the most important sea state, defined by the coefficient of contribution, using linear analysis is applied. An iteration procedure is thereafter used to find the nonlinear long-term extreme values. It is concluded that only a limited number of sea states is necessary to get an acceptable estimate of the nonlinear D-year response as long as the most important sea states are included, i.e., the sea state with the maximum coefficient of contribution.     

新型电动汽车暖风系统专用PTCR的设计

文章通过对市场上常用PTCR出现的暖风故障进行分析,总结出三个方面的主要原因,并对每个问题逐一解决,从而设计出一种新型电动汽车暖风系统专用PTCR。经过对老款及新型PTCR进行性能对比及实验验证,发现新型PTCR启动电流小,对接触器冲击损伤较小,加热效果明显好于老款,且可有效防水防潮、抗氧化,同时大幅度降低了价格,更能满足使用要求。     

钢管冷弯制作工艺探究

通过分析钢结构建筑工程中常用普通低碳钢管壁厚度、力学性能及含S夹杂物等相关因素对钢管冷弯性能的影响,对诸多工程大跨度桁架主弦杆的弯制工艺采取合理的技术措施,制定出弯管制作方案,通过计算机对弯钢管模型进行实体放样、对弯管机器模板进行精确调试,以达到设计要求的尺寸精度。     

Experimental numerical and analytical analysis of the penetration of a scaled double-hull tanker side structure

The paper presents experimental, numerical and analytical analyses of a small-scale double-hull structure quasi-statically punched at the mid-span by a rigid flat edge indenter, to examine its energy-absorbing mechanism and fracture. The present study aims to further validate the numerical analysis procedure and the analytical method of individual stiffened panels and web girders against the experiment of the double-hull structure. The specimen, scaled from a tanker's double side structure, includes three spans between the web frames and two spans between the stringers. The paper provides practical information to estimate the extent of structural damage within ship sides during collision accidents. The experimentally obtained force-displacement response and deformation shape show a good agreement with the simulations performed by the explicit LS-DYNA finite element solver. The analysis of the double-hull structure demonstrates the accuracy of the procedure for identifying standard inputs used in numerical codes, in particular the definition of material plastic hardening and the calibration of the critical failure strain by tensile test simulation. The experimental and numerical results are used to validate the analytical method proposed in previous investigations at the plastic deformation stage and a revised semi-analytical method is proposed in the present study for the large penetration stage.     

摩托车发动机可变正时配气机构的试验研究

参照变换凸轮型线VVT机构的原理,在JH125摩托车发动机单顶置凸轮轴结构基础上,研制了适用于中小排量摩托车发动机可切换凸轮型线的VVT机构。该机构结构紧凑,控制精度及可靠性高,与传统的可变配气正时机构的自动控制装置相比,由一个外接式油泵代替了复杂油路控制系统,在整个工况范围内设置了2套可切换的进气正时参数,可满足中小排量摩托车发动机结构空间紧凑布置的要求,有效降低了制造成本。     

水泥和消石灰对沥青混合料抗水损害效果试验研究

采用水泥和消石灰代替部分矿粉的措施提高沥青混合料的水稳定性,研究了二者与沥青混合料最佳油石比的关系,并确定了最佳掺量。结果表明,水泥和消石灰对沥青混合料的水稳定性能均有明显的提高,且随着掺量的增加抗水损害能力呈现先增大后减小的趋势。     

原油管道停输再启动实验研究

在实验室内建立了管流实验装置,测定大庆原油流变特性以及进行停输再启动的实验研究。对原油流变特性的测定大多是在旋转黏度计中进行的,而原油在旋转黏度计中是拖动流,在管路中为压力流。管流实验装置测量的原油流变特性曲线更符合实际管道原油的流变特性。分析了停输前流量、启输流量、原油出站温度、环境温度对启输过程的影响。由试验结果以及模拟结果分析可知,对停输过程温度的计算偏低,再启动压力值偏大。对解决东北管网的低输量问题具有指导意义和实际的应用价值。     

水下清刷装置优化设计及实验

水下清刷装置是水下船体表面清刷机器人的关键部件.文中分析了水下清刷装置在水下旋转的受力状况,建立了该装置在水下旋转过程中的动力学模型,运用优化设计和实验的方法确定合理结构参数,为设计和制造水下清刷装置提供了理论依据.     

基于弯曲和径向疲劳试验的高强钢车轮仿真分析

选择具有优良成形性能的600 MPa级马氏体相钢制作成形复杂的轮辐及540 MPa级贝氏体双相钢制作轮辋.建立三维模型和有限元模型,采取静态分析模拟动态分析的方式分别对车轮弯曲和径向工况进行仿真分析,得出易于产生疲劳裂纹的应力集中点及其最大应力、应变值.选用疲劳寿命名义应变法建立了高强钢车轮的E-N曲线,利用疲劳分析软...     

轻型车后桥壳液压胀形仿真与试验研究

运用动显式有限元软件LS-DYNA对某1t轻型车后桥壳液压胀形过程进行了仿真,针对后桥壳两次液压胀形时的胀形比、载荷匹配及摩擦力等因素对液压成型的影响进行了分析。通过厚度分布、轴向收缩量、内压力及轴向力的试验与仿真对比,验证了仿真结果的正确性,同时讨论了仿真与试验结果之间产生误差的原因。