Dynamics of railway wagons subjected to braking torques on defective tracks

It is well known that track defects cause profound effects to the dynamics of railway wagons; normally such problems are examined for cases of wagons running at a constant speed. Brake/traction torques affect the speed profile due to the wheel–rail contact characteristics but most of the wagon–track interaction models do not explicitly consider them in simulation. The authors have recently published a model for the dynamics of wagons subject to braking/traction torques on a perfect track by explicitly considering the pitch degree of freedom for wheelsets. The model is extended for cases of lateral and vertical track geometry defects and worn railhead and wheel profiles. This paper presents the results of the analyses carried out using the model extended to the dynamics of wagons containing less ideal wheel profiles running on tracks with geometry defects and worn rails.     

Influence of some vehicle and track parameters on the environmental vibrations induced by railway traffic

A study is performed on the influence of some typical railway vehicle and track parameters on the level of ground vibrations induced in the neighbourhood. The results are obtained from a previously validated simulation framework considering in a first step the vehicle/track subsystem and, in a second step, the response of the soil to the forces resulting from the first analysis. The vehicle is reduced to a simple vertical 3-dof model, corresponding to the superposition of the wheelset, the bogie and the car body. The rail is modelled as a succession of beam elements elastically supported by the sleepers, lying themselves on a flexible foundation representing the ballast and the subgrade. The connection between the wheels and the rails is realised through a non-linear Hertzian contact. The soil motion is obtained from a finite/infinite element model. The investigated vehicle parameters are its type (urban, high speed, freight, etc.) and its speed. For the track, the rail flexural stiffness, the railpad stiffness, the spacing between sleepers and the rail and sleeper masses are considered. In all cases, the parameter value range is defined from a bibliographic browsing. At the end, the paper proposes a table summarising the influence of each studied parameter on three indicators: the vehicle acceleration, the rail velocity and the soil velocity. It namely turns out that the vehicle has a serious influence on the vibration level and should be considered in prediction models.     

Investigating the influence of soil properties on railway traffic vibration using a numerical model

This paper presents the influence of dynamic and geometrical soil parameters on the propagation of ground vibrations induced by external loads. The proposed approach is based on a three-dimensional model, focusing on realistic excitation sources like impulse loads and moving railway vehicles. For the latter, a complete vehicle/track model is developed. The simulation is performed in time domain, offering an interesting approach, compared with classic cyclic analyses. The ground is modelled initially as an elastic homogeneous half-space and additionally as a layered half-space. First, the effect of homogeneous soil properties on ground vibration is analysed. Soil stratification is then taken into account, using various configurations. Analysis reveals that as receiver distance increases ground wave reflection in a layered ground plays an important role in the reduction of ground surface motion. This effect is magnified when the phase velocity wavelength becomes large compared with the depth of the surface layer.     

WG-21A无绝缘轨道电路传输特性的改进

介绍了WG-21A无绝缘轨道电路的计算方法，并针对工程应用中存在的问题提出了改进措施并得出了结论。     

基于Web的铁路轨道基础设施检测信息管理系统

针对轨道基础设施检测的各种数据资料,采用B/S模式,利用JSP的动态Web应用系统开发技术,开发了基于Web的铁路轨道基础设施检测信息管理系统,实现了信息管理的计算机化和网络化.介绍JSP的工作原理、特点及其JDBC数据库访问技术的实现方法,系统的开发环境,给出系统的总体设计方案,以及系统功能模块的实现.经过测试,该系统操作简便,运行稳定、可靠.     

一种数字编码轨道电路发送器的设计

结合正交数字上/下变频技术,频率编码方式及其合成技术,提出了一种数字编码轨道电路发送方案,并采用DSP实现了这种轨道电路发送器,实验验证表明本方案具有性能稳定、可靠等优点.     

铁路轨道刚度的确定方法

对轨道合理刚度问题进行分析,阐述轨道容许变形量与轨道部件容许应力相互平衡关系以及维修工作量与行车舒适性相互制约关系。给出三种确定轨道整体刚度的方法,钢轨允许应力法、轨道允许变形法和临界速度法。论述部件刚度合理匹配关系。从安全和控制维修的角度,提出基于合理变形确定轨道部件刚度的方法,即变形分配法。应用所提出的方法,对高速铁路轨道刚度问题进行探讨,建议采用轨道允许变形法和变形分配法确定高速铁路轨道整体刚度和部件刚度。给出我国高速铁路在车辆轮载作用下轨道刚度的建议值,轨道整体刚度100kN·mm-1、钢轨支座刚度37kN·mm-1、轨下垫板和道床刚度74kN·mm-1。     

浮置板式轨道结构隔振效果仿真研究

建立列车—轨道结构耦合系统有限元模型,将轨道不平顺作为列车—轨道结构耦合系统的激励源,对普通碎石道床轨道结构和浮置板式轨道结构的列车—轨道结构耦合系统动力学性能进行仿真研究,对比分析这2种类型的轨道结构系统振动响应与系统振动传递函数,评价浮置板式轨道结构的隔振效果。分析结果表明,浮置板式轨道结构与普通碎石道床轨道结构相比,振动加速度降低约70%,距线路5 m处大地振动加速度响应峰值降低约62.8%,相应Z振级衰减约10 dB,竖向振动加速度频率范围由0~200 Hz降到0~60 Hz,有效起到了振动隔离效果。     

轨道不平顺对轮对纵向振动影响分析

轮对纵向振动问题是一个长期以来被忽略的内容,研究发现轮对纵向振动虽然对整车的横向稳定性影响不大,但却对整车的垂向动力学性能和轮轨动态作用力有很大的影响。进一步分析发现,剧烈的轮对纵向振动,与轨道的横向和高低不平顺有关。在光滑的轨道上不会发生纵向共振。提出通过改变一系垂向减振器的布置方式可以抑制轮对的大部分纵向振动,减小轮轨动态作用力,延长轮对和钢轨的使用寿命。     

轨道结构落轴冲击动态响应有限元分析

通过确定落轴冲击问题的轮轨接触条件,根据接触冲击响应的虚位移原理,将轮轨接触边界条件用罚函数法释放,确立轮轨接触变分方程;采用点面接触单元导出轮轨接触有限元控制方程,进一步建立轨道结构动力有限元方程,从而可模拟计算落轴冲击对轨道结构产生的动态响应。基于该分析方法,求解了弹性支承块轨道结构的动力性能,并由现场实测得到验证。结果表明,运用所建立的落轴冲击有限元计算模型分析轨道结构动力性能,直观有效。