太阳能光伏电力系统在800PCC滚装船上的应用研究

为使船舶达到绿色、环保的要求,并解决能源紧缺问题,在船上广泛应用太阳能是一种有效途径。介绍太阳能在船上应用的现状和相关规范对太阳能在船上应用的规定。分析在800PCC滚装船上应用太阳能的优势,给出该船的基本参数和航线,结合这些基本信息分析该船太阳能光伏电力系统的结构和运行模式。通过研究总结出该船应用太阳能可带来能效指数提高的积极效应。     

An integrated framework for embedding large-scale dynamic traffic assignment models in advanced traveler information systems

In recent years, increasing attention has been drawn to the development of various applications of intelligent transportation systems (ITS), which are credited with the amelioration of traffic conditions in urban and regional environments. Advanced traveler information systems (ATIS) constitute an important element of ITS by providing potential travelers with information on the network's current performance both en-route and pre-trip. In order to tackle the complexity of such systems, derived from the difficulty of providing real-time estimations of current as well as forecasts of future traffic conditions, a series of models and algorithms have been initiated. This paper proposes the development of an integrated framework for real-time ATIS and presents its application on a large-scale network, that of Thessaloniki, Greece, concluding with a discussion on development and implementation challenges as well as on the advantages and limitations of such an effort.     

A two-phase model for dry port location with an application to the port of Dalian in China

This paper provides guidance for an optimal and reasonable dry port layout for the port of Dalian in China. We present a two-phase framework on the location of dry ports, which solves the selection of candidate inland cities and optimal dry port location choice, respectively. Fuzzy C-Means Clustering is applied to select alternative cities in the vast hinterland of the seaport of Dalian, with a view to identify evaluation factors that affect the location selection decision. A cost-minimisation linear programming solution is proposed, with the aid of a genetic algorithm, to choose the optimal location as well as capacity level among the candidate inland cities.     

液化天然气(LNG)汽车日常检查方法及维护技术综述

天然气是一种优质的替代燃料,具有污染小、安全系数高、运行费用低等优点。天然气已经成为城市公共交通领域应用最为成功和广泛的车辆替代燃料技术,为推动交通运输行业的节能减排做出了显著的贡献。液化天然气汽车,作为天然气汽车的一种类型,与传统汽柴油车相比,液化天然气汽车安装了包括液化天然气气瓶、气管路及各种控制阀门和仪表在内的专用装置,在对液化天然气汽车进行日常检查时需要针对液化天然气汽车的专用装置进行重点检查。本文则针对液化天然气汽车的特点,对液化天然气汽车的正确使用方法、日常检查方法及维护技术要求、以及相关注意事项三个方面进行了解读,为指导液化天然气汽车进行日常检查与定期维护提供了技术参考。     

Understanding the impacts of a combination of service improvement strategies on bus running time and passenger’s perception

Transit agencies implement many strategies in order to provide an attractive transportation service. This article aims to evaluate the impacts of implementing a combination of strategies, designed to improve the bus transit service, on running time and passenger satisfaction. These strategies include using smart card fare collection, introducing limited-stop bus service, implementing reserved bus lanes, using articulated buses, and implementing transit signal priority (TSP). This study uses stop-level data collected from the Société de transport de Montréal (STM)’s automatic vehicle location (AVL) and automatic passenger count (APC) systems, in Montréal, Canada. The combination of these strategies has lead to a 10.5% decline in running time along the limited stop service compared to the regular service. The regular route running time has increased by 1% on average compared to the initial time period. The study also shows that riders are generally satisfied with the service improvements. They tend to overestimate the savings associated with the implementation of this combination of strategies by 3.5-6.0 min and by 2.5-4.1 min for both the regular route and the limited stop service, respectively. This study helps transit planners and policy makers to better understand the effects of implementing a combination of strategies to improve running time and passenger’s perception of these changes in service.     

The effectiveness of a European speed limit versus an international bunker-levy to reduce CO2 emissions from container shipping

In the fight to reduce CO₂ emissions from international shipping, a bunker-levy is currently under consideration at the International Maritime Organization (IMO). Faced with the inability of the IMO to reach an agreement in the short term, the European Commission is now contemplating a unilateral measure of a speed limit for all ships entering European Union (EU) ports. This paper argues that this measure is counterproductive for two reasons. Firstly, because it may ultimately generate more emissions and incur a cost per ton of CO₂ which is more than society is willing to pay. Secondly, because it is sub-optimal compared to results obtained if an international bunker-levy was to be implemented. These elements are illustrated using two direct transatlantic services operated in 2010.     

船舶操纵模拟器上海洋山港港区三维视景仿真

针对船舶操纵模拟中的三维视景仿真的特点,开展船舶操纵模拟器中关于上海洋山港港区三维视景仿真的研究。以Google Earth提供的电子地形图像为基础,经过等高线和矢量化方法的处理,生成数字高程模型(Digital Elevation Model,DEM),并利用Multigen Creator建立直观的上海洋山港港区三维地形模型,再利用Vega的三维视景渲染功能对其进行渲染和驱动。根据该方法建立的上海洋山港港区三维视景模型库在模型精细度、逼真度和实时运算等方面,都能满足船员实操练习所需的条件。     

调距桨桨叶连接螺栓过渡圆角光弹性试验研究

苛刻的空间尺寸要求和严酷的使用环境使得调距桨桨叶连接螺栓设计极为重要,为研究连接螺栓螺帽螺杆圆角过渡区域因截面形状突变存在的应力集中情况和应力分布规律,以某型调距桨桨叶连接螺栓联接组件作为试验模型,采用光弹性试验方法测得其应力分布和应力集中系数,并与有限元仿真分析结果进行了对比验证,为桨叶连接螺栓组件结构设计及其优化提供重要支撑。     

“天鲲”号超大型自航绞吸挖泥船总体设计技术

结合国内外超大型绞吸挖泥船的特点和发展趋势,对我国自主研发设计的"天鲲"号超大型自航绞吸挖泥船的船型、主尺度和总布置等总体设计要点进行详细论述,形成了大型绞吸式挖泥船船型论证分析的总体思路,为超大型自航绞吸式挖泥船的总体设计提供参考,提升了国内整体绞吸船的设计和建造水平。     

拖航工况下半潜平台撑杆波浪砰击敏感性研究

半潜式平台在拖行过程撑杆等细长结构承受的波浪砰击对结构安全影响较大,相关船级社规范中明确要求结构分析过程中需要考虑波浪砰击载荷。基于传统势流理论的数值方法已经被广泛的应用于浮式海洋平台的水动力和砰击载荷的研究,但是对于复杂的粘性干涉效应、波浪爬升、波浪破碎和波浪砰击等实际工程问题不能够运用势流理论准确模拟。非定常的计算流体力学CFD (Computational Fluid Dynamics)方法能够较为准确解决上述问题。因此,本文以982半潜式海洋平台为研究对象,采用计算流体力学中的动态重叠网格方法和流域体积域方法VOF(volume of fluid),结合水池物理模型试验结果,对平台在拖行工况下撑杆的波浪砰击进行研究。主要对半潜平台撑杆在三种不同流速和风速的拖航工况下撑杆受到的砰击压力的敏感性进行了分析研究,分析波浪砰击下撑杆的瞬态砰击压强分布情况,得到波浪砰击压力危险区域,同时给出拖航工况下撑杆砰击压力系数的变化规律,为分析预报半潜式平台撑杆在复杂的拖航海况下受到的砰击压力提供了参考。