基于中国人体驾乘姿态的汽车人机空间布置研究

合理的人机空间布置对汽车的舒适性与安全性至关重要,人体驾乘姿态是汽车人机空间布置的依据。文章设计试验,扫描得到500样本分别在8辆车中的驾乘姿态数据,对数据进行统计分析,建立驾驶员座椅适宜线方程与中国人体2D模板,基于标杆车进行验证,结果显示,方程及模板精度较高,符合中国人体驾乘特征。该研究为汽车人机空间布置提供理论依据,为研发适合中国人驾乘的车辆提供支撑,对建立中国汽车人机设计体系具有重要意义。     

岩溶山区隧道地下水漏失对植物生长的影响分析及对策

为研究隧道建设引起的地下水漏失对周围生态环境的影响,依托穿越中梁山山脉通向重庆市区西部的3条重叠相交岩溶隧道（襄渝铁路中梁山隧道、渝遂高速公路大学城隧道和成渝客专铁路歌乐山隧道）的地下水漏失情况,对其影响区内的生态环境及植被生长进行长期监测与综合分析,利用树轮宽度均值探讨地下水漏失对隧址区优势植物（马尾松、杉木）的生长影响,提出基于生态环境保护的隧道地下水“以堵为主、限量排放”的建设思路。研究结果表明: “以排为主”的襄渝铁路中梁山隧道,造成马尾松生物量明显降低（衰退幅度达71.4%）,而“以堵为主、限量排放”的其他2条隧道对马尾松的影响则相对小; 3条隧道的建设对杉木的生长都产生了不利影响,影响范围在隧道轴线两侧1 km左右; 基于马尾松出现生长恢复的时期（1992-1997年）,建议将此阶段的最低地下水位作为隧址区地下水生态平衡埋深下限值,进而确定中梁山地区隧道的“以堵为主、限量排放”中限量排放的生态地下水位值,为岩溶山区隧道限量排放的地下水位控制提供参考。     

可快速编码的多码率原模图LDPC码设计

原模图LDPC码的实际应用涉及到两个问题：快速编码和编码复杂性.与其他LDPC码相比,原模图LDPC码的结构适合快速解码,但不一定能够实现快速编码.现有的原模图LDPC码的编码是根据生成矩阵进行编码,因其生成矩阵不是稀疏的,所以存在编码复杂性问题,这给编码器的硬件实现带来较大的困难.为了降低原模图LDPC码编码复杂度,本文提出一种可快速编码的多码率原模图LDPC码的设计,提出的多码率原模图LDPC码不存在4环,无低码重码,其快速编码算法能够降低编码复杂性,使编码器的硬件易于实现.在AWGN信道仿真结果表明,提出的可快速编码的多码率LDPC码的误码率性能和纠错性能优于GB20600 LDPC码.     

坚持科学的学习观之必要和可能——基于"什么是马克思主义,怎样对待马克思主义"的思考

为什么要学习马克思主义,从根本上取决于马克思主义的客观性,在主观上取决于中国共产党人对马克思主义客观性的认识和把握程度,体现的是"客体决定论"与"主体选择论"的统一.怎样学习马克思主义,既取决于中国共产党人对于马克思主义的坚持和发展,也取决于中国共产党人对于马克思主义理论的研究和应用,体现的是"坚持和发展统一论"与"学...     

谈新时期爱国主义教育的基本特征及时代内涵

一个国家、一个民族和睦、团结是其兴旺发达的前提,爱国主义是凝聚一个国家、一个民族巨大的精神力量。同时,爱国主义是动员和鼓舞全国人民团结奋斗的一面旗帜,是全国各族人民的精神支柱。在新的历史时期,进一步宣传爱国主义的社会价值、基本特征与时代内涵,有着十分重大的意义。     

The impacts of strait and canal blockages on the transportation costs of the Chinese fleet in the shipping network

ABSTRACT

Straits and canals have always served as key nodes in shipping networks. The blockage of a strait or canal will lead to ship deviations and increased transportation costs. To measure this impact on the Chinese fleet, our study develops a mathematical model that is based on a programming formulation. Each strait or canal is assumed to be blocked in turn, and the increased transportation costs for the Chinese fleet in different scenarios are calculated and compared using the proposed programming formulation in order to measure the impact of the blocked strait or canal on the Chinese fleet. Larger increases in transportation costs have greater impacts on the fleet. The results show that a blockage of the Strait of Hormuz would have the greatest impact of all straits and canals; it would cause the Chinese fleet to lose a portion of its import and export market, and such a blockage cannot be addressed through ship deviations. Based upon increased transportation costs, the four straits or canals that would have the greatest impact if blocked are the Mandeb Strait, the Suez Canal, the Sunda Strait and the English Channel.     

汽车碰撞试验及Hybird Ⅲ（假人）应用分析

本文通过对汽车正面碰撞试验标准的介绍和分析，提出试验的重要工具－假人（Hybird Ⅲ）不符合中国人体型的问题，此问题将导致试验结果评价的偏离，提请有关方面在制定相应标准时，对试验用假人的采用，做到在与国际标准接轨的同时，充分考虑中国的国情。     

Transport choice behaviour of Chinese and Australian tourists in Scotland

This study aimed to investigate and analyse the internal pre-purchase transport choice behaviour of Chinese and Australian tourists in Scotland. A literature review was carried out to explore the pre-purchase internal transport choice behaviour of tourists. A questionnaire was designed based on the findings of the literature review. A convenience sampling plan was developed to achieve a valid and statistically significant sample size for the two selected markets: Chinese and Australian tourists. Surveys were distributed directly within the Highlands and indirectly through tour operators. A number of significant differences in pre-purchase transport choice behaviour were found between independent and tour travellers and between Chinese and Australian tourists. A number of other variables including English language capabilities, country of residence, education levels and previous travel experience were also found to have significant influences on the process. A number of recommendations relating to market analysis and research, promotion and product development were made to Scottish tourism transport providers based on the findings.     

RS乘积码译码算法研究

文章介绍了一种基于梯度算法的Turbo乘积码（以RS码作为分量码）的译码算法。该算法以迭代Chase-Ⅱ算法为基础,利用该算法译码得到的每行（或列）最优判决码D（m-1）来代替竞争码字C,节省了寻找C的过程,从而简化了外信息和软输出的计算。文章以RS（15,11）码为分量码进行了matlab仿真,仿真结果表明：该算法能在基本保持turbo乘积码和Chase算法译码性能基础上,提高译码速度,降低译码复杂度。     

中美规范灌注桩单桩抗压承载力计算对比

灌注桩单桩抗压承载力的计算是高桩码头及公路桥梁设计的重要组成部分。随着国内设计单位走出去的步伐逐渐加快,设计人员应快速掌握并应用不同国家的设计规范。通过对比中国的《码头结构设计规范》《公路桥涵地基与基础设计规范》和美国的《公路桥梁设计规范》,得出不同规范在灌注桩侧阻及端阻计算细节、安全系数储备等方面的异同点。依托实际工程,结合钻探地质资料,比较3种规范对应的单桩竖向抗压承载力大小,并评价各规范优缺点。结果表明,两个中国规范操作相对简单但遇到特殊土质时受限,美国规范概念明确且适用范围更广,但计算过程相对复杂。