An integrated framework for assessing service efficiency and stability of rail transit systems

A well-designed service plan efficiently utilizes its infrastructure and ensures an acceptable level of service stability with consideration of potential incidents that disturb or disrupt the rail transit services. To perform service evaluation, an integrated process combining capacity, resource usage, and system reliability is required to quantify service efficiency and stability in a consistent way. This study adopts capacity-based indices, “capacity utilization” and “expected recovery time”, as the attributes for service efficiency and stability, and develops a comprehensive evaluation framework with three corresponding modules to incorporate capacity, service plan, and system reliability and maintainability simultaneously. The capacity analysis module computes the rail transit capacities under normal and degraded operations. The reliability module classifies and fits the proper reliability and maintainability distributions to the historical interruption data. The service efficiency and stability module analyzes the results of the previous two modules and evaluates the service efficiency and stability of rail transit service plans. Empirical results show that the established evaluation framework can not only evaluate the service efficiency and stability but also identify critical sections and time slots. This tool can help rail transit operators rapidly assess their operational changes and investment strategies related to efficiency and stability so as to provide efficient and stable services to their customers.     

Cost effective future derailment mitigation techniques for rail freight traffic management in Europe

Safe and reliable traffic management is vital for uninterrupted and successful operation of the European rail network, where mixed traffic (i.e. freight and passenger) services are run. Although rail freight derailment is infrequent, its consequences can be severe and may result in different forms of costs, including infrastructure; rolling stock; traffic disruptions; injuries and fatalities. The objective of this research paper is to conduct a cost benefit analysis (CBA) to identify cost effective mitigation techniques for efficient rail freight traffic management in Europe, by 2050. Reviewing previous derailments and studies, eight sets of derailment causes are analysed and, for each of them, sets of mitigation techniques are aimed at for their alleviation. The study finds that the highest cumulative costs of derailment are associated with ‘wheel failure’, while the lowest cumulative cost is identified for ‘excessive track width’. Regarding mitigation techniques, the lowest cumulative benefits are demonstrated for ‘track height’ interventions, whereas ‘wheel failure’ alleviation demonstrates the highest benefits, in value terms (all by 2050). In most cases, the benefit to cost ratio did not exceed 2.6; in two cases (‘track height’ and ‘rail failures’) the ratio remained below 1 – a negative outcome where cost is higher than benefit. The study suggests that the most cost-efficient interventions are those applied to ‘hot axle box and axle rupture’ and ‘spring and suspension failure’.     

巴基斯坦拉合尔市橙线无缝线路设计

无缝线路设计是轨道设计的关键问题之一。主要研究分析巴基斯坦拉合尔市橙线无缝线路设计方案,同时为国外高温地区无缝线路设计提供参考。橙线线路主要以高架线形式敷设,桥梁结构以U形简支梁为主。拉合尔地区整体气温偏高,历年最高气温47.4℃,橙线铺设普通区间无缝线路。通过理论计算与有限元分析,对钢轨强度与稳定性、桥梁墩台受力、钢轨断缝、轨缝值设置等进行了分析计算。研究表明:橙线高架线及地面线设计锁定轨温取(35±5)℃,轨缝值取8 mm是合适的,同时提出伸缩调节器的设置建议。     

空间状态轮轮(轨)接触点计算方法

轮轨接触几何关系是轮轨交通中最基本的问题。结合机车车辆在滚动(振动)台上进行台架试验的工况,以试验台的“轮轮”接触为研究对象,应用“迹线法”,提出在空间状态下轮轮接触点的计算方法。给出滚轮在正常位置时的轮轮接触关系计算公式,然后以此为基础,考虑包括滚轮的横向移动、垂向移动、轨底坡变化、摇头运动(模拟钢轨横向弯曲)、纵向位移误差等各种可能出现的滚轮空间状态,进而推导出滚轮在任意空间位置的轮轮接触点的计算公式,并可直接推广到轮轨接触计算中。     

城市轻轨交通工程概算编制的探讨

根据武汉市轻轨交通一号线一期工程的初步设计概算,从编制范围、定额采用、概算章节、费用组成及计算程序等几个方面进行了探讨.     

重庆跨座式单轨系统限界检测设备的研究

跨座式单轨系统限界有其特殊性 ,尺寸控制非常紧 ,内容多而复杂。因此 ,该系统土建工程施工完后必须对全线断面的建筑限界进行检测。要进行准确高效的检测 ,需研发移动式检测设备 (限界检测车 )。在对跨座式单轨车系统限界分析研究的基础上 ,提出限界检测车的总体技术构想。     

基于轨间电缆的城市轨道列车速度控制系统

分析了基于轨间电缆的城市轨道列车速度控制系统结构及设计要求，通过对系统的基本原理的论述，提出了一种较为适合我国城市轨道交通发展的速度控制方式。     

国产PD3钢轨与进口钢轨材质性能的对比研究

按照"时速200km客运专线60kg·m-1钢轨暂行技术条件"的要求,UIC900A、攀钢PD3及鞍钢PD3的钢轨材质性能进行对比研究。结果表明,三种钢轨的化学成分,H,O含量,非金属夹杂物,低倍及显微组织、断裂韧性、裂纹扩展速率、拉压疲劳以及轨底残余应力均符合"暂行技术条件"的要求。力学性能指标超过规定值,鞍钢、攀钢产PD3轨的KIC基本相当,而UIC900A钢轨的低温KIC稍高于国产PD3钢轨;PD3轨钢的拉压疲劳极限比UIC900A高出约5%;攀钢PD3钢轨轨底残余应力较鞍钢PD3钢轨略高,而UIC900A钢轨最低。另外,进口钢轨的脱碳层深度较浅,攀钢钢轨脱碳层较为稳定,而鞍钢钢轨脱碳层有的炉次超过了"暂行技术条件"的规定。     

城铁合成长枕埋入式无碴道床道岔施工技术

以广州地铁四号线引进的国际领先水平的新型轨枕材料——合成轨枕为研究对象,结合四号线的工程实际,介绍了在国内首次铺设合成岔枕整体道床道岔的施工技术。     

李渡长江大桥主塔斜拉索套管测量定位技术

介绍重庆李渡长江大桥主塔斜拉索的套管定位测量技术及施工过程中减少测量误差的措施等。