基于移动荷载过桥的轨道交通桥梁振动研究

应用振型分解法,对移动荷载通过轨道交通桥梁时的动力响应进行理论分析,得出轨道交通车辆过桥时共振和振动相消的公式。当桥梁第一阶竖向自振频率等于车辆速度与车辆长度之比时,会发生共振。为避免桥梁共振,设计时应满足第一阶竖向自振频率大于车辆最大速度与车辆长度的比值。当桥梁第一阶竖向自振频率等于车辆速度与两倍桥梁跨长之比的奇数倍时,轴重在桥上引起的自由振动和轴重离开桥梁后桥梁的自由振动相互抵消,桥梁振动最小。     

钢轨钢的纯净性与高纯净钢轨的发展

本文综述了钢轨钢的纯净性对钢轨使用性能尤其是疲劳性能的影响，介绍了现代冶金工业提高钢质纯净性的主要措施及工业发达国家纯净钢轨的生产过程，简介了高速铁路对钢轨纯净性的要求及高纯净钢轨的发展趋势。     

重庆两江大桥工程施工关键技术管理与控制

阐述重庆两江大桥工程施工过程中,结合工程结构特点,针对空间曲面索塔施工、钢桁梁制造安装及超大吨位钢绞线拉索安装张拉等施工关键技术所采取的管理和控制措施,并介绍两江大桥工程施工质量的总体控制效果。     

重庆两江大桥长期健康监测系统研究

介绍重庆两江大桥健康监测系统结构体系、总体目标和主要监测内容,同时还介绍仪器设备选型及优化组网、采集处理策略、数据库管理、结构健康评价及用户界面显示。两江大桥健康监测系统是一套完整的围绕大桥梁、塔、索、轨道4大体系,由多种传感器和相关采集仪以及3层网络构成的大型桥梁长期健康监测系统。经过小型实验室试验和桥梁工程应用,结果表明,该系统通讯网络简洁,抗干扰能力强,故障率低,维护方便,运行性能稳定,监测数据可靠、准确,可准确地评估桥梁的健康状况。     

Increasing urban tram system efficiency,with battery storage and electric vehicle charging

This paper examines the possible placement of Energy Storage Systems (ESS) on an urban tram system for the purpose of exploring potential increases in operating efficiency through the examination of different locations for battery energy storage. Further, the paper suggests the utilisation of Electric Vehicle (EV) batteries at existing Park and Ride (P&R) sites as a means of achieving additional energy storage at these locations. The study achieves this through MATLAB modelling utilising captured GPS data and publically available information. This study examines the scenario of uni-directional substations with no interconnection between the overhead catenary for both directions of travel, and discusses the trade-offs between ESS size and required current limits.The results show the savings in both energy and basic CO₂ emissions alongside the discussion of Return on Investment (RoI) that can be achieved through the potential installation of ESS at identified ideal locations along the tram network. Moreover, this may be extended to the use of EVs as stationary ESS sited at the existing P&R facilities. Further, the model may also be used to inform future infrastructure upgrades and potential improvements to air quality within urban environments.     

重庆轨道交通开敞式TBM施工问题及对策

重庆轨道交通六号线一期五里店—山羊沟水库敞开段节点工程是开敞式TBM首次应用于城市轨道交通工程。基于TBM试验段工程实践,存在初期支护较强、二次衬砌施工及工期控制难度大等问题,针对这些问题,提出基于"动态设计、动态施工"优化初期支护设计,采用"同步衬砌"方案组织二次衬砌施工,优化开敞式TBM项目工程筹划等措施,保证了开敞式TBM在试验段及后期工程的顺利掘进,并证明了重庆轨道交通地下区间隧道采用开敞式TBM施工的可行性。     

公共自行车与轨道交通换乘效率评价指标体系

为了更好的发挥公共交通作用,作者研究了公共自行车与轨道交通协调换乘问题。针对公共自行车与轨道交通换乘效率低下的现状,分析了选择公共自行车换乘轨道交通的影响因素,依据出行者需求从方便快捷、安全、舒适、费用四个方面构建了换乘效率的评价体系。运用层次分析法,确定在B+R换乘过程中,方便快捷的重要性最大。此外,对评价体系的若干指标进行了权重验算,通过计算模型的一致性检验,表明构建的层次结构模型与所建立的指标间的判断矩阵都满足要求。     

城市轨道交通60 kg/m钢轨12号单开道岔设计研究

北京新机场线是时速160 km的城市轨道交通线路,相较于普通城市轨道交通线路,具有列车轴重大、速度高、通过地段复杂多样等特点,有必要对其道岔系统进行专门研究。研究的重点为道岔平面线型、结构构造、轨下基础及工电结合部等几个方面。研究结果:采用60AT2尖轨并设置轨底坡或轨顶坡,提高了列车经过岔区时的平稳性和旅客的乘座舒适度;采用镶嵌翼轨式合金钢组合辙叉提高了辙叉使用寿命,减小了养护维修量;采用不同刚度的板下弹性垫层,实现了城市轨道交通道岔岔区的刚度均匀化及整体低刚度化,有效降低了岔区的振动噪声。     

A carbon footprint analysis of railway sleepers in the United Kingdom

This paper provides an assessment of the lifecycle Greenhouse Gas (GHG) emissions associated with the four most common sleeper (railroad tie or cross-tie in North America) types present in the UK rail network. It estimates the embodied material, process and transport emissions linked with the lifecycle activities of construction, relay/renewal and end-of-life of these variants at low and high traffic tonnage. The analysis suggests that at low traffic loads, the softwood sleepers perform the best over the whole simulated-period. At high traffic loads, the concrete sleepers outperform all other variants in terms of lifecycle CO₂e emissions, followed by hardwood, softwood and steel. Regardless of the scenario examined, the steel sleepers perform the worst due to the carbon intensive nature of their manufacturing process. This performance gap is amplified at high traffic loads, as their service life is excessively compromised. The analysis reveals that the end-of-life pathway of timber is a critical determinant of its footprint. Results suggest that the impact of disposing of these sleepers results in their footprint being magnified. Nevertheless, if a minimum of 50% follows the combustion pathway with subsequent heat recuperation, then a GHG reduction potential of between 11% and 18% of their footprint is feasible. From a whole-lifecycle cost lens, for higher tonnage routes, the choice of concrete sleepers results in considerable financial savings. If the infrastructure manager was to install sleepers with stiff under sleeper pads (USPs), it may achieve additional economic and GHG savings, with potential for increasing the latter using recycled carbon-neutral USPs.